ABSTRACT
This work is devoted to the study of conditions of the work of employees of the modern ferro-alloy production, which was performed in the framework of the evaluation of working places at the Open Joint-Stock Company «Ferrokhrom¼, which is part of Joint-Stock Transnational Company "Kazchrom". The studies were performed with account of the full range of the list of working places, both in the main and auxiliary shops. The work activity of the workers from leading professional groups was established to be conjugate of the impact of the complex of unfavorable factors of occupational environment and labor process. There are given comprehensive measures to improve working conditions and health maintenance in workers from leading professional groups.
Subject(s)
Chromium Alloys , Ferrous Compounds , Metallurgy , Occupational Diseases , Public Health/methods , Workplace , Health Status Indicators , Humans , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Metallurgy/methods , Metallurgy/organization & administration , Metallurgy/standards , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Population Health/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment , Workplace/standards , Workplace/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Results of surgical treatment in 116 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis complicated by choledocholithiasis were studied. Introduction in clinical practice of endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPST) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy changed surgical policy for benign combined lesions of gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Complex endoscopic treatment is preferable if contraindications are absent. Complex endoscopic treatment was used in 26.7% cases, combined surgical and endoscopic (trans-papillar surgeries) - in 30.2%, conventional surgical - in 33.6%. Isolated EPST and endo-biliary procedures were performed in 9.5% patients. Complex endoscopic treatment is preferable for chronic calculous cholecystitis complicated with choledocholithiasis. Combined and conventional surgical policy is indicated when appliance of endoscopic technologies is not possible.
Subject(s)
Calcinosis/complications , Calcinosis/surgery , Cholecystectomy/methods , Cholecystitis/complications , Cholecystitis/surgery , Choledocholithiasis/complications , Gallbladder Diseases/complications , Gallbladder Diseases/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chronic Disease , Endoscopy/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Echinococcosis, Hepatic/complications , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/complications , Fistula/etiology , Liver Diseases/etiology , Lung Diseases/etiology , Adult , Biliary Fistula/diagnosis , Biliary Fistula/etiology , Biliary Fistula/surgery , Bronchial Fistula/diagnosis , Bronchial Fistula/etiology , Bronchial Fistula/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/surgery , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/surgery , Female , Fistula/diagnosis , Fistula/surgery , Humans , Liver Abscess/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/surgery , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/surgery , PneumonectomyABSTRACT
The immunologic parameters were studied in 38 patients with hydatid disease of the liver and abdomen before and after a single hemoexfusion (HE) in a volume of 400 ml. Among the patients who were examined there were those with uncomplicated hydatid disease of the liver (group I, second clinical stage, 25 persons), patients with suppuration of hydatid cysts (group 11, 10 persons), and two patients with multiple hydatid cysts complicated by their suppuration and calcification with involvement of large areas of the liver. Comparative analysis of immunological parameters in patients before and in the first 24 hours after HE showed a difference between the groups of patients and the controls. The parameters were restored to their initial values in patients of both groups 3-5 days after HE. The results of the study allow the conclusion that in screening patients with hydatid disease of the liver and abdominal cavity for preoperative HE a strict individual approach is necessary with the patient's general condition, the clinical form of the disease, and complications on the part of the cysts being taken into account.
