ABSTRACT
Oncologic screenings of the populations in the areas with increased incidence of esophageal cancer have revealed Barrett's ulcer in 1 percent of the examinees. Endoscopic and cytologic characteristics of this condition are presented. Precancer changes--severe dysplasia--are most frequent in male Kazakhs (14.1 percent) aged 50 to 59 (14.7 percent). Subjects with Barrett's ulcer developing severe dysplasia, as evidenced by cytograms, should be included in the group of subjects at risk for carcinoma of the lower third of the esophagus and cardia.
Subject(s)
Barrett Esophagus/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Humans , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Precancerous Conditions/epidemiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The paper discusses the first experience with fiber bronchoscope--mediated sampling for histologic examination in 183 cases of central carcinoma of the lung. As a result, cancer was histologically identified in 98.9% and cytologically verified in 60.2%. Complex histologic and cytologic examination reliably established central carcinoma of the lung in 100%. Cancer was detected in 51.3-72% of bronchial biopsies (mean--64.7%).
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Bronchoscopy , Female , Humans , Lung/pathology , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Cholestasis/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Aged , Cholestasis/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
An effective method of complex treatment of reflux-esophagitis with reparation stimulants (methyluracil) was developed to improve clinical prophylaxis of esophageal cancer. Application of the said method was followed by a 3-5-fold increase in "clinical recovery" rate, slower advancement of pathologic changes in the esophageal epithelium thus lowering the risk of neoplasia. Within 5 years of dynamic follow-up, patients with esophagitis exposed to the above treatment showed a 4-fold decrease in risk for cancer. A special program of screening for esophagitis, its treatment and patients' follow-up is discussed.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology , Esophagitis, Peptic/complications , Esophagitis, Peptic/pathology , Esophagitis, Peptic/therapy , Esophagoscopy , Esophagus/pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Kazakhstan , Leukoplakia/pathology , Leukoplakia/therapy , Mass Screening , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Precancerous Conditions/therapy , Risk , Time Factors , Uracil/analogs & derivatives , Uracil/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Phosphorus Radioisotopes , Adult , Aged , Esophagoscopy , Female , Fiber Optic Technology , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
An analysis is given of the clinico-endoscopic findings in 1389 patients with esophageal cancer, in 27 of them an early form of cancer was noted. Fibroesophagoscopy is of special importance for early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Visual examination of the mucous membrane associated with the possibility to obtain the material for histological and cytologic assays makes the technic concerned indispensable for solving the diagnostic difficulties involved.
