ABSTRACT
The sensory and chemical shelf-life of UHT-milk stored at room temperature and at 6 degrees C in aluminium-foil, non-foil barrier (X-board) and PE cartons were investigated. UHT milk in aluminium-foil stored in the dark has a minimum shelf-life of 6 months, while the shelf-life is 4-5 months in X-board and PE cartons. When PE cartons and X-board cartons are stored with strong light exposure at 6 degrees C, a development of light-induced off-flavour is detected after 2 and 8 weeks, respectively. The light-induced off-flavour effect is more pronounced than the effect of non-light induced oxidation of unsaturated lipids.
Subject(s)
Food Packaging , Food Preservation , Milk/chemistry , Aluminum , Animals , Food Handling , Hot Temperature , Humans , Lighting , Milk/radiation effects , Oxidation-Reduction , Paper , Taste , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Cholecystectomy , Cholestasis/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bile Ducts/pathology , Cholestasis/pathology , Dilatation, Pathologic , Humans , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Paper copies of digital radiographs printed with the continuous ink-jet technique have proved to be of a high enough quality for demonstration purposes. We present a study on the image quality of ink-jet printed paper copies of digital chest radiographs, based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Eighty-three digital radiographs of a chest phantom with simulated tumors in the mediastinum and right lung, derived from a computed radiography (CR) system were presented in two series of hard copies as ink-jet printed paper copies and as laser recorded film. The images, with a matrix of 1,760 x 2,140 pixels, were printed with a spatial resolution of 10 pixels/mm in the CR film recorder as well as in the ink-jet printer. On film, every image was recorded in two versions, one optimized for the mediastinum and one for the lungs. On paper, only one image was printed; this constituted an effort to optimize both the mediastinum and the lungs. The ink-jet printed images, printed on a matt coated paper, were viewed as on-sight images with reflected light. The examinations were reviewed by six radiologists, and ROC curves were constructed. No significant difference was found between the performance of film and that of ink-jet paper prints. Because the cost for a paper copy is only a tenth of that of film, remarkable cost reductions can be achieved by using the ink jet technique instead. Our results show that further quality studies of ink-jet printed images are worthwhile.
Subject(s)
Copying Processes , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Radiography, Thoracic , Humans , Ink , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mediastinal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Models, Structural , Paper , Printing , ROC CurveABSTRACT
With the introduction of picture and archiving communicating systems an alternative image display for the wards might be a personal computer (PC). The intention with this study was to evaluate the diagnostic image quality of the monitor of a PC compared to that of a workstation. Eighty-five digital radiographs of a chest phantom with simulated tumors in the mediastinum and right lung were saved on optical discs. The examination were reviewed by 4 radiologists on a monitor at a workstation and at a PC, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. No significant difference was found between performance of the PC and the workstation.
Subject(s)
Computer Systems , Data Display , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Microcomputers , Radiographic Image Enhancement/methods , Humans , Luminescent Measurements , Models, Structural , Radiographic Image Enhancement/instrumentation , ThoraxABSTRACT
Ninety-eight digital radiographs of a chest phantom with simulated tumors in the mediastinum and left lung and a pneumothorax-simulation in the right hemithorax were compared with the corresponding examinations saved on optical disk and viewed on a 1,000-line monitor. The examinations were reviewed by 7 radiologists with different experience, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. There was no significant difference between the hard-copy and the monitor results. A significant interobserver difference was seen only with the low attenuating 6 mm "tumor" and then only between the observer with the highest and the one with the lowest scores.
Subject(s)
Radiographic Image Enhancement/instrumentation , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Humans , Luminescent Measurements , Models, Structural , Pneumothorax/diagnostic imaging , ROC Curve , Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Twenty-two patients with nasal polyps completed a double-blind study with a new topical corticosteroid, flunisolide. Treatment during three months after operation gave, in comparison with placebo, a statistically significant effect on the symptom of stuffy nose, and on the sum of scores for stuffy nose, runny nose and sneezing. There was no significant effect on rhinomanometry. Side effects were negligible. Three patients in the placebo-group required a further operation within one year but none in the flunisolide group. Prophylactic treatment with flunisolide can be recommended as a complement to other treatment after surgery of nasal polyps.
