Subphenotypes of severe early-onset pre-eclampsia at hospital admission. A Latin American single-center exploratory latent class analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To identify distinct subphenotypes of severe early-onset pre-eclampsia in Latin America and analyze biomarker and hemodynamic trends between subphenotypes after hospital admission. METHODS: A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted in Colombia. The latent class analysis identified subphenotypes using clinical variables, biomarkers, laboratory tests, and maternal hemodynamics. Class-defining variables were restricted to measurements at and 24 h after admission. Primary and secondary outcomes were severe maternal and perinatal complications. RESULTS: Among 49 patients, two subphenotypes were identified: Subphenotype 1 (34.7%) had a higher likelihood of an sFlt-1/PlGF ratio ≤ 38, maternal age > 35, and low probability of TPR > 1400, CO <8, and IUGR; Subphenotype 2 (65.3%) had a low likelihood of an sFlt-1/PlGF ratio < 38, maternal age > 35, and high probability of TPR > 1400, CO <8, and IUGR. At 24 h postadmission, 64.7% of subphenotype 1 patients changed to subphenotype 2, while 25% of subphenotype 2 patients were reclassified as subphenotype 1. Subphenotype 1 displayed significant changes in CO and TPR, while subphenotype 2 did not. Maternal complications were more prevalent in subphenotype 2, with an odds ratio of 5.3 (95% CI: 1.3-22.0; P = 0.02), but no significant differences in severe neonatal complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: We identified two distinct subphenotypes in a Latin American cohort of patients with severe early-onset pre-eclampsia. Subphenotype 2, characterized by higher TPR, sFlt-1, and serum creatinine and lower CO and PlGF at admission, was associated with worse maternal outcomes and appeared less modifiable after in-hospital treatment.

Experience of combined use of a Bakri uterine balloon and a non-pneumatic anti-shock garment in a university hospital in Colombia.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of women with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) refractory to initial management and in a state of hypoperfusion between management with a non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) and Bakri balloon and management with other surgical interventions. METHODS: A retrospective observational descriptive study of women with PPH and hemorrhagic shock who were treated at a high complexity obstetric unit in Columbia between 2011 and 2017. Clinical records were reviewed and women were divided in two groups by clinical management. Group 1 women were managed with surgical interventions; group 2 women were managed with NASG plus a Bakri balloon. RESULTS: Overall, 142 women were treated for PPH, with 69 in group 1 and 73 in group 2). There were differences between group 1 and group 2 in the degree of hypovolemic shock (shock index: 1.1 vs 0.9, P=0.02), indicators associated with hypoperfusion (lactic acid, 2.9 vs 1.9 mmol/L, P=0.001), and frequency of transfusion of blood components (68% vs 44%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The joint use of NASG and Bakri balloon in PPH management seemed to improve hypoperfusion-related markers such as lactic acid and shock index, and reduce the frequency of additional blood transfusion.

Characterization of obstetric patients with sepsis identified by two diagnostic scales at a fourth-level clinic in Colombia.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the characterization of an obstetric population diagnosed with sepsis using systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA). METHODS: The present retrospective observational descriptive study was conducted at a fourth-level clinic in Colombia among pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria (two SIRS criteria plus infection) between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2016. Patients with systemic compromise were admitted to the high-complexity obstetric unit (HCOU), whereas those with multiorgan dysfunction were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The SIRS scale was deemed positive if all four criteria were met. A SOFA score of at least 2 was considered a positive result. RESULTS: The study included 688 patients. The SIRS test at admission was positive among 431 patients (62.6%); 279 (64.7%) in the HCOU group and 152 (35.2%) in the ICU group. The SOFA test at admission was positive in 69 (38.5%) of 179 patients with complete data. The concordance-measured using the κ statistic-between SIRS and SOFA was low (0.016). CONCLUSION: Using the SIRS scale could promote early sepsis management by identifying patients who require admission to the HCOU or ICU; however, low concordance between the SIRS and SOFA results suggested a need to create diagnostic scales specifically for the obstetric population.

Model of obstetric attention based on critical care in Latin America.

PURPOSE: Report the results obtained following the implementation of an OCC (Obstetric Critical Care) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational prospective study in obstetric population with high complexity illness attended in a safety and quality model of attention in a specific unit supporting the concept of obstetric critical care. Records were used as the primary source for collecting information, using the standards of the Center for Clinical Research. RESULTS: In a 5-year period, 10,956 patients were admitted. About 51% had diseases that were not exclusive to pregnancy, 91% were admitted while pregnant and, from all births, 46% were by vaginal delivery. 1685 (19%) patients met the criteria for Near Miss Maternal Mortality (NMMM). Forty-three patients died, which represented a mortality rate of 0.49% of the total of hospitalized patients. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of an OOC model, security models, and an institutional support system improve the quality of care in the obstetric services of reference hospitals in developing countries.