ABSTRACT
Forty percent of colostrum samples from German women showed neutralizing antibody titers of greater than or equal to 50 to rotavirus (RV) serotypes 1, 3, 4, and 6. Antibody to serotypes 2, 8, and 9 was less prevalent. Titers are, however, too low to indicate an important effect of colostrum on the RV vaccine take rate. On the other hand, about 50% of the cord serum samples showed high neutralizing-antibody titers to serotypes 1, 3, and 4, which could interfere with the take rate of RV vaccines based on these serotypes in very young infants.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Colostrum/microbiology , Fetal Blood/microbiology , Rotavirus/immunology , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Colostrum/chemistry , Female , Fetal Blood/immunology , Germany , Humans , Immunity, Maternally-Acquired , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Rotavirus/classificationABSTRACT
The effects of various drugs on the partially obstructed ureter were investigated in a new model experiment which permitted the calculation of peripheral resistance. After the administration of noradrenaline, the local spasm of the ureter in the region of the obstruction was increased and the urinary flow fell. After administration of the alpha-blocker phentolamine and of the beta-receptor stimulant orciprenaline there was a reduction of the peripheral resistance and an increase in urinary flow due to spasmolysis. Because of its lower side-effect rate, phentolamine is worth investigating in further clinical studies.
