Automédication et toxidermies bulleuse à Abidjan : aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutifs

Objectif : Cette étude a été réalisée pour décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutives des toxidermies bulleuses chez les patients suite à une automédication.Matériel et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale rétrospective à visée descriptive. Elle s'est déroulée du 01 septembre 2004 au 31 Août 2014 au centre de dermatologie du CHU de Treichville (Côte d'ivoire). Ont été inclus tous les patients ayant eu une toxidermie bulleuse suite à une automédication et hospitalisés pendant la période d'étude. Résultats : Pendant 10 ans nous avons recensé 191 cas de toxidermies bulleuses hospitalisés en dermatologie du CHU de Treichville. Quatre-vingt-quatre patients ont eu recours à une automédication soit 44,0%. La moyenne d'âge de ces patients était de 29,22 ans avec des extrêmes de 2 et 69 ans. Il y avait une prédominance féminine avec 56 patientes (66,7%). Le syndrome de Stevens Johnson avec 58 cas représentait 69,0 % des toxidermies suivi du syndrome de Lyell avec 23 cas (27,4%). La sulfadoxine pyrimethamine a été le médicament le plus incriminé avec 16 cas (19,1%) suivi du cotrimoxazole avec 15 cas (17,9%). Le taux de décès était de 22,6% (19 patients) dont 13 cas (68,42%) de syndrome de Lyell et 6 cas (31,58%) de syndrome Stevens Johnson. Conclusion : L'automédication est une pratique qui augmente l'incidence des toxidermies à Abidjan

[Cutaneous depigmentation in black female population for cosmetic purposes: results of a KAP survey conducted in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)]. / Dépigmentation cutanée cosmétique des femmes noires: résultats d'une enquête CAP à Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous depigmentation for cosmeticis purposes is a widespread practice among black African women. It has many complications that have been well documented for decades. However, the reasons of practitioners are not well known. The aim of our study was to understand the motivating reasons of these women in order to conduct a communication campaign for behavior change. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional KAP survey (Knowledge/Attitudes/Practices) at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Treichville (Abidjan) Data were analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.1. and 6.04 software. RESULTS: Practitioners were mostly young urban single, literate and professionally active women (20-40 years). Cutaneous depigmentation and its consequences were known to women, however, they thought that women with the lightest complexion were more attractive. They were influenced by media and friends. The most frequently observed complications were exogenous ochronosis and stretch marks. The local means of communication remained what essentially sustained the information needs of these women, because they help them to change their behavior. CONCLUSION: The development of local communication strategies for behavior change seems necessary to stop the phenomenon of cutaneous depigmentation for cosmetic purposes in black female population in Abidjan.

Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis of Gougerot-Carteaud on Black Skin: Two Observations.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Goujerot-Carteaud is a rare and benign skin disease characterized by flat papules taking a reticulated appearance. It is a skin disease of unknown etiology and nosology that is always discussed. This disease preferentially involves the chest and interscapular regions. It is a condition probably underdiagnosed in black skin because it generally simulates a pigmented tinea versicolor. This pathology withstands antifungal treatment but has a particular sensitivity to cyclines thus constituting a distinguishing criterion, useful for diagnosis which should be evoked in front of these reticulated confluent papules.

Allergy to Red Meat: A Diagnosis Made by the Patient and Confirmed by an Assay for IgE Antibodies Specific for Alpha-1,3-Galactose.

We report the first case of allergy to red meat observed in Ivory Coast. A 49-year-old male presented with pruritus. The diagnosis of allergy to red meat was confirmed by an assay for IgE antibodies specific for alpha-1,3 galactose. Interestingly, the disease was considered a spell to the patient who was suspected of being a sorcerer by the community.

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Paraclinic Aspect of Cutaneous Sarcoidosis in Black Africans.

The specific objectives were to identify the epidemiology of cutaneous sarcoidosis and describe the clinical and laboratory aspects of the disease. Materials and Methods. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 24 referred cases of cutaneous sarcoidosis in 25 years (1990-2014) collected at Venereology Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Treichville (Abidjan) both in consultation and in hospitalization. Results. The hospital frequency was one case per year. The average age was 42 years, ranging from 9 to 64. The sex ratio was 1. The shortest time interval between the appearance of the skin lesion and consultation of Dermatology Department at CHU Treichville was 3 months. The elementary lesions were represented primarily by a papule (18 cases), placard (3 cases), and nodule (2 cases) and mainly sat on the face and neck in 8 cases (38%). Extra cutaneous lesions were dominated by ganglion and respiratory involvement with 5 cases each followed by musculoskeletal damage in 3 cases. Chest radiography showed abnormality in 13 cases (54%). The pulmonary function test performed in 13 patients found 7 cases (54%) having restrictive ventilatory syndrome and 6 cases (46%) being normal. A tuberculin anergy was found in 11 cases (61%).