[Methodologic approaches to creating an automated test on pathology]. / Metodicheskie podkhody k sostavleniiu avtomatizirovannogo testa po patologicheskoi anatomii.

The designers of the topical computer test on pathological anatomy based it on the test method of the control of student knowledge. First, computer standard topical tests covering all the sections of the program are developed. The stages of each test development involve working out of various tasks, the test trial and statistical processing of the test results. The statistical analysis permits assessment of individual and group student knowledge, of quality of the test itself as well as correction of the test drawbacks. Finally, the appropriate tests form a bank of computer knowledge control after putting them in as a special computer program.

[Anatomo-stereologic characteristics of the mucous membrane of the major duodenal papilla]. / Anatomo-stereologicheskaia kharakteristika slizistoi obolochki bol'shogo sosochka dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

In 55 men and 60 women who had had not any pathology in their biliary-pancreato-duodenal system during life, microrelief of the mucous membrane in the major duodenal papilla has been studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy. It is defined by variants of fusion of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct in the papilla. Three main variants of the ducts fusion are defined and, respectively, three main varieties of the structure of the mucous membrane folds. When the ducts flow into the same orifice separately, the mucous membrane relief is even, parvigranular and there are no fold-valves. In the common major duodenal papilla, the architectonics of the mucous membrane resembles the valve that acts as a block-outlet mechanism.

[New dyes containing gallocyanine for staining histological sections]. / Novye krasiteli, soderzhashchie gallotsianin, dlia okraski gistologicheskikh srezov.

The methods of histological slides staining with dyes containing gallocyanin are proposed.

[Morphologic features of the structure of the major duodenal papilla in healthy subjects and pathology of the biliopancreatic region]. / Morfologicheskie osobennosti stroeniia bol'shogo duodenal'nogo soska v norme i pri patologii biliopankreaticheskoi oblasti.

The major duodenal papilla (MDP) was studied morphologically on the section material from 57 cases of diseases of the biliopancreatic area and from 60 other diseases. Two types of the structure of folds-valves of MDP mucosa were found to correspond to two main variants of fusion of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. In the presence of a common channel of MDP (73%) the valves are arranged in 3 or 4 layers and each valve consists of 3 cusps. In cholelithiasis, chronic pancreatitis, and cholecystopancreatitis, signs of chronic inflammation in the MDP wall were found in all the cases and hyperplastic changes in half of the cases. In 7 observations of cholelithiasis, a close correlation between the development of MDP stenosis and the degree of adenomyosis and papillary outgrowths of the mucous membrane was established.