[Preoperative embolization of the internal carotid artery in surgical treatment of meningioma in the base of the anterior and middle cranial fossae]. / Predoperatsionnaia émbolizatsiia vnutrennei sonnoi arterii v khirurgicheskom lechenii meningiomy osnovaniia perednei i srednei cherepnykh iamok.

Preoperative embolization is a widely used technique that may decrease blood supply to rich-vascurized tumors of the brain. Its use allows a neurosurgeon to safely remove a tumor of different histological nature and site. The objects of preoperative embolization are most commonly meningiomas at convexital or parasagittal sites. According to the data available in the literature, the internal carotid or ocular artery was embolized in not more than 10 cases. The described case underwent successful embolization of the involved internal carotid whose branches took an active part in supplying blood to the meningioma of the base of the skull. This permitted total resection of a generalized meningioma of the anterior and middle parts of the base of the skull.

[Anastomoses between the meningeal arteries and the cavernous sinus: the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment]. / Soust'ia mezhdu meningeal'nymi arteriiami i kavernoznym sinusom: klinika, diagnostika, lechenie.

The findings of 106 patients with arteriosinus anastomoses formed by the meningeal arteries and cavernous sinus were analyzed. The clinical symptoms, the specific features of the course of this abnormality and the principle of its diagnosis are summarized. Based on angiographic data, 4 types of anastomoses were identified by X-ray and anatomic signs: 1) the anastomoses formed by the meningeal branches of the internal carotid and cavernous sinus (45.4%); 2) those formed by the branches of the external carotid and cavernous sinus (9.3%); 3) the branches of both the internal and external carotids are involved in anastomotic blood supply (38.1%); 4) a combination of carotid-cavernous and arteriosinus anastomoses (7.2%). According to the sources of blood supply, the patients received endovascular treatment (external carotid branch embolization, fistula balloon occlusion), radiation surgery or combined treatment. The differential approach to treating patients with arteriosinus anastomoses at the site of the cavernous sinus yielded good results in 78.9% of cases.

[The visual functions of patients with traumatic carotid-cavernous anastomoses]. / O zritel'nykh funktsiiakh u bol'nykh s travmaticheskimi karotidno-kavernoznymi soust'iami.

The visual functions in 100 patients with traumatic carotid-cavernous anastomoses were studied. In 54% of cases the visual functions were impaired, in 33% they were lost to various degrees, 21% of patients were practically blind. The most frequent cause of disorders of visual functions were hemodynamic changes in the optic nerve and retina, a less frequent cause was traumatic damage to the optic nerve in its canal. These factors may coexist. The graver the craniocerebral trauma the more probable are sharp loss of visual functions and the development of coarse pathology of the fundus oculi.

[The effect of YAG laser capsulotomy on the hydro- and hemodynamics of the eye]. / Vliianie IAG-lazernoi kapsulotomii na gidro- i gemodinamiku glaza.

Tonographic studies of 18 patients with artiphakia and aphakia and rheo-ophthalmographic examinations of 36 patients with artiphakia after YAG laser discission of opaque posterior capsule of the lens have revealed significant impairment of ocular hydrodynamics, most manifest in the first hours postoperation, persisting for 24 hrs on an average. In patients, whose rheographic values were within the normal age-specific range, a marked RQ reduction 3-4 hrs postoperation was observed, still present in 24 hrs. No changes in the ocular hemodynamics were detectable in patients with initially lowered rheographic coefficient. Problems concerning the relationships between ocular hydro- and hemodynamics in reactive hypertension are discussed.