ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that cervical cancer is preventable disease, it is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death in women. An estimated 604 000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and 342 000 women died from the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cervical cancer among women attended cervical cancer screening center in Gahandi memorial Hospital. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Gahandi Memorial Hospital in which simple random sampling technique was used to select 422 registration books of women who visited the hospital between May 2015 and May 2019. Texts, tables, and graph were used to present results. Binary logistic regression with a P-value of <.25 and multivariate logistic regression with a P-value of <.05 were used to determine the association between independent variables and outcome variable. RESULTS: In this study, from the total of 422 women screened with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) screening test, 23.5% of them were found to be positive for VIA test. From those who were diagnosed positive with VIA screening test, about 10.1 % were identified with high grade lesions. Having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.21-3.29), being HIV-positive (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI:1.10-4.69), having a history of Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI) (AOR = 6.76, 95% CI: 1.14-3.90), and beginning sexual intercourse at early age (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-5.13) were factors associated with cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the high prevalence of cervical cancer. Having multiple sexual partners, being Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) positive, having STI history and early initiation of sexual intercourse were factors associated with cervical cancer. Therefore, avoiding multiple sexual partners, delaying of early sexual contact, and self-protection from STI infections might help to prevent cervical cancer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the major cause of diseases of public health problems in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, epidemiological information on street dwellers is very limited. So, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasite among street dwellers' in Dessie town, North-East, Ethiopia. RESULTS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on street dwellers in Dessie town from November 2017 to February, 2018. Stool specimen was examined by direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen methods. Majority of study participants were males 220 (89.4%). The mean age of the study participants were 22.85 (SD = 4.78) years. The overall parasite prevalence was 108/246 (43.9%). Among the six different intestinal parasites detected, H. nana 33 (13.4) and E. histolytica 24 (9.8%) were dominant. Multivariate analysis showed, shoe wearing habit (P = 0.035), hand washing habit after toilet (P = 0.035), and history of animal contact (P = 0.016) had statistically significant association with intestinal parasitic infections after adjusting other variables. Although the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in this study was lower than previous studies conducted in similar study groups. The prevention and control strategies of intestinal parasites should address the poor segment of populations including street dwellers.
