ABSTRACT
A comparative study on the genotoxic activity of cisplatin versus morfozol, the first representative of a new class of cation-anion complexes of palladium [AH]2[PdCl4] (where A-methylmorpholine) has been performed using human lymphocytes in vitro. The results of the DNA-DNA cross-linking activity investigations showed that both compounds studied exhibited biphasic dose-effect relationship: a linear decrease in the DNA percent in the comet tail and the region of the "plateau". However, in the "plateau" region, morfozol reduced the DNA percent in the comet tail up to 6 times while cisplatin caused a 2-fold decrease only. Morfozol, like cisplatin, inducing DNA-protein cross-linking and generating reactive oxygen species, was more effective than cisplatin.
Subject(s)
Cisplatin/pharmacology , Cross-Linking Reagents/pharmacology , DNA Damage , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Palladium/pharmacology , Adult , DNA/metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Lymphocytes/pathology , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolismABSTRACT
The effect of palladium-containing complex Ephazol on the filtration rate of erythrocyte suspensions through nuclear filters was studied by the constant-pressure filtration method. It was shown that the filterability of red blood cells incubated with ephazol decreased. If the time necessary for a fixed volume of red blood cell suspension to pass through a filter was plotted against the time of incubation with Ephazol or against its initial concentration, the curves typical of autoaccelerated processes were obtained. From analysis of kinetic models, it was concluded that the effects observed are due to the nonlinear dependence of the filtration rate w on the rate at which an erythrocyte passes through a pore and the influence of Ephazol on the distribution of erythrocytes with respect to w. Several models describing changes in the distribution of erythrocytes with respect to w in the presence of Ephazol and possible mechanisms relating the filtration kinetics to the incubation parameters are discussed.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/cytology , Palladium/chemistry , Cell Separation , Filtration , KineticsABSTRACT
Efasol and potassium tetrachloropalladate being injected into mice prior to irradiation with a dose of 150 sGy increase the colony forming activity of animals bone marrow cells transplanted in lethally irradiated recipient mice. The palladium presence in such compounds is supposed to be a reason of radioprotection. Upon the combined application of potassium tetrachloropalladate and irradiation of mice with an adaptive dose of 5 sGy a potentiation of individual effect of each separate agent to increase CFUs resistance against the consequent irradiation was observed.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells/radiation effects , Palladium/pharmacology , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Adaptation, Biological , Animals , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred CBA , Radiation Dosage , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A study was made of the protective effect of beta-carotine and ephasol against genetic damages in germ cells of male mice, exposed within the zone of Chernobyl NPP or ingested by 137Cs. The analysis of reproductive function, frequencies of dominant lethal mutations, abnormal sperm heads, reciprocal translocations and testis mass decrease show that both agents are more effective in protection against reproductive function damages than against genetic effects.
Subject(s)
Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Spermatozoa/radiation effects , Animals , Carotenoids/pharmacology , Cesium Radioisotopes/adverse effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred CBA , Organ Size/drug effects , Organ Size/radiation effects , Palladium/pharmacology , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Testis/drug effects , Testis/radiation effects , Ukraine , beta CaroteneABSTRACT
A study was made of the protective effect of ephasol against genetic damages induced in mice germ cells by single, fractionated and chronic gamma radiation. Study of male reproductive ability, frequency of induced dominant lethal mutations, abnormal sperm heads and reciprocal translocation show that the efficacy of ephasol was higher in condition of chronic exposure.
