ABSTRACT
We present a unique matter-wave interferometer whose phase scales with the cube of the time the atom spends in the interferometer. Our scheme is based on a full-loop Stern-Gerlach interferometer incorporating four magnetic field gradient pulses to create a state-dependent force. In contrast to typical atom interferometers that make use of laser light for the splitting and recombination of the wave packets, this realization uses no light and can therefore serve as a high-precision surface probe at very close distances.
ABSTRACT
The effects of bone marrow derived myelopeptide-1 (MP-1) on functional activities of normal murine phagocytes and phagocytes obtained from mice treated with cytostatic agent cyclophosphan (CY) were studied in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated immunocorrecting effect of MP-1 on functional activity of bone marrow and peripheral blood phagocytes. An optimal protocol of MP-1 injections during cytostatic therapy was developed to obtain maximal efficacy in immunocorrection. The best effect on functional activity of phagocytes of different localization (the highest effect on peripheral blood neutrophils) was found when MP-1 was injected before CY. The results demonstrated that MP-1 can be considered as a substance able to protect peripheral blood phagocytes from CY damage during cytostatic treatment.
Subject(s)
Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Immunomodulation/drug effects , Oligopeptides/administration & dosage , Phagocytes/drug effects , Animals , Bone Marrow/immunology , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Immunosuppression Therapy , Luminescence , Mice , Oligopeptides/immunology , Oligopeptides/metabolism , Phagocytes/immunologyABSTRACT
We have studied anti-tumor properties of bone marrow derived peptide Phe-Leu-Gly-Phe-Pro-Thr (MP-1) synthesized by classical methods. It was shown that MP-1 enhanced the effect ofcytostatic therapy of lymphatic leukemia P388 and increased latent growth period of P388 tumors implanted in irradiated mice. MP-1 also decreased metastasis of mouse breast adenocarcinoma Ca-755 after surgery.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents , Leukemia P388 , Oligopeptides , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cisplatin/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy , Leukemia P388/drug therapy , Leukemia P388/radiotherapy , Mice , Oligopeptides/administration & dosage , Oligopeptides/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
The bone marrow myelopeptides Phe-Arg-Pro-Arg-Ile-Met-Thr-Pro (MP-4) and Val-Asp-Pro-Pro (MP-6) have been synthesised by a classical method and by a solid phase synthesis. The differentiating activity of MP-4 and MP-6 in human leukemia cells HL-60 and K-562 has been studied. Both peptides induce terminal differentiation of these cell lines but the mechanism of action of peptides MP-4 and MP-6 is distinguished.
Subject(s)
Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , HL-60 Cells , Humans , K562 Cells , Oligopeptides/chemistrySubject(s)
Bone Marrow/chemistry , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1/metabolism , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , HL-60 Cells , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Humans , Hyaluronan Receptors/metabolism , Immunologic Factors/chemical synthesis , K562 Cells , Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/metabolism , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/metabolism , Macrophages/pathology , Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism , Monocytes/drug effects , Monocytes/metabolism , Monocytes/pathology , Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Asp bone marrow peptide (MP-5) and an analogue (MP-5-Lys) were synthesized. Fluorescent derivatives, Ftc-MP-5 and MP-5-Lys(Ftc), were prepared. The biological activity of MP-5 and MP-5-Lys was studied in vitro and in vivo. The MP-5 peptide caused 60-84% inhibition of growth of the following mouse cancers: lymphatic leukemia P-388, melanoma B-16, and cervical carcinoma CUC-5. These peptides also restored functional activity of T lymphocytes that was inhibited by metabolic products of the HL-60 leukemic cell line. MP-5-Lys(Ftc) was shown to preserve the functional properties of MP-5 toward T lymphocytes, but Ftc-MP-5 was practically inactive.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Fluorescent Dyes/chemical synthesis , Immunologic Factors/chemical synthesis , Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacology , Immunologic Factors/chemistry , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Mice , Oligopeptides/chemistry , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , T-Lymphocytes/cytology , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
We show both theoretically and experimentally that biphoton wave packets generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion can be strongly anisotropic and highly entangled. The conditions under which these effects exist are found and discussed.
ABSTRACT
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to prepare a nonspreading atomic wave packet. Our technique relies on a spatially modulated absorption constantly chiseling away from an initially broad de Broglie wave. The resulting contraction is balanced by dispersion due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. This quantum evolution results in the formation of a nonspreading wave packet of Gaussian form with a spatially quadratic phase. Experimentally, we confirm these predictions by observing the evolution of the momentum distribution. Moreover, by employing interferometric techniques, we measure the predicted quadratic phase across the wave packet. Nonspreading wave packets of this kind also exist in two space dimensions and we can control their amplitude and phase using optical elements.
ABSTRACT
Peptide Leu-Val-Cys-Tyr-Pro-Gln, identical to the bone marrow peptide MP-3, and its Val3 and Ser3 analogs, lacking SH-group, were synthesized by conventional methods of peptide chemistry in solution and, along with the MP-3 S-S-dimerization product, were studied with respect to their effect on the macrophage phagocytic activity. It was shown that the activity was only enhanced by peptide MP-3, which demonstrated the essential role of the SH-group in this function. The dimer analog of MP-3, unlike dimer analogs of other monocysteine-containing peptides, glutathione and HP5b, did not exhibit the inhibitory effect.
Subject(s)
Macrophage Activation/drug effects , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , Sulfhydryl Compounds/pharmacology , Amino Acid Sequence , Bone Marrow/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis , Oligopeptides/chemistry , Sulfhydryl Compounds/chemical synthesis , Sulfhydryl Compounds/chemistryABSTRACT
A new method was developed for the isolation of biologically active peptides present in small quantities in supernatants of bone marrow cell cultures. Four new peptides, which exhibited immunostimulating and differentiating activities, were isolated from the supernatant using solid phase extraction and reversed-phase HPLC. For these peptides, the following primary structures were elucidated: Leu-Val-Cys-Tyr-Pro-Gln, Phe-Arg-Pro-Arg-Ile-Met-Thr-Pro, Val-Val-Tyr-Pro-Asp, and Val-Asp-Pro-Pro.
