ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a common condition that needs appropriate treatment like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) like eptifibatide prevent procedural ischemic complications after PCI. Eptifibatide has increased the risk of bleeding complications, although it is effective in reducing mortality and morbidity. Eptifibatide is routinely used in bolus and infusion forms and the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of bolus-only dose and bolus + infusion strategy for administrating eptifibatide in bleeding complications and consequences after PCI. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on subjects who experienced PCI after incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). Patients were randomly divided into two groups who received bolus-only dose (n = 51) or bolus + infusion form of eptifibatide (n = 50). Then, PCI blood pressure, mean time duration of hemostasis after arterial sheath removal, laboratory data, need for blood transfusion, and presence of bleeding complications were evaluated. After 6 months, patients were followed for needs for additional coronary interventions. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 61.68 ± 1.50 years. The prevalence of men was 70.29%. There was no significant difference in mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during hospitalization (P > 0.050). The mean time duration of hemostasis was 8.13 ± 0.45 minutes in the bolus-only group and 16.46 ± 0.71 minutes in the bolus + infusion group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin (Hb) level, platelet count, white blood cell (WBC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine level (P > 0.050). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggested that bolus-only dose of eptifibatide before PCI could be able to decrease significantly bleeding complication and other clinical and cardiovascular outcomes.
ABSTRACT
Abstract: Background: dystocia is one of the most economically significant secondary traits in dairy cows and has adverse effects on the subsequent survival, health, and performance of mothers and offspring. Objective: the aim of this study was to estimate direct and maternal genetic parameters for calving ease (CE) and its relationship with productive and reproductive traits in Iranian Holstein cows. Methods: data from 1991 through 2011 were collected from the Animal Breeding Center of Iran, and contained 132,831 records of CE, 183,203 records of productive traits including 305-d adjusted milk yield (MY305), 305-d adjusted fat yield (FY305) and 305-d adjusted protein yield (PY305), and 129,199 records of reproductive traits including days open (DO), days to first service (DFS) and calving interval (CI). Univariate and bivariate linear animal models were used for the analysis of traits in two different models on which direct genetic effect (model 1) and direct + maternal genetic effects (model 2) using AI-REML algorithm were included. Results: estimated heritabilities for CE in model 1 were 0.02 in univariate and 0.02-0.03 in bivariate analyses. Direct and maternal heritabilities in model 2 were 0.02 and 0.002 for univariate, and 0.03 and 0.0004-0.006 in bivariate analyses, respectively. Genetic correlations between direct effects of CE with MY305, FY305, and PY305 were -0.99, 0.02 and-0.07 in model 1, and -0.2, -0.02 and -0.13 in model 2, respectively. Conclusion: this study suggested that a selection index that includes both direct and maternal effects should be included in CE breeding programs.
Resumen Antecedentes: la distocia es uno de los rasgos secundarios económicamente más significativos en las vacas lecheras y tiene efectos adversos sobre la posterior supervivencia, salud y el rendimiento de las madres e hijos. Objetivo: estimar parámetros genéticos directos y maternos para facilidad de parto (CE) y su relación con las características productivas y reproductivas en vacas Holstein iraníes. Métodos: se recogieron datos desde 1991 hasta 2011 en el Centro de Reproducción Animal de Irán, que contenían 132.831 registros de la CE, 183.203 registros de características productivas, incluyendo 305-d ajustado la producción de leche (MY305), 305-d de rendimiento graso ajustado (FY305) y 305-d de producción de proteína ajustada (PY305), y 129.199 registros de características reproductivas, incluyendo días abiertos (DO), días al primer servicio (DFS) y el intervalo entre partos (CI). Se utilizaron modelos animales lineales univariantes y bivariantes para el análisis de rasgos en dos modelos diferentes en los que se incluyeron el efecto genético directo (modelo 1) y los efectos genéticos maternos directos + (modelo 2) usando el algoritmo AI-REML. Resultados: las heredabilidades estimadas para la CE en el modelo 1 fueron 0,02 en uni y 0,02-0,03 en los análisis bivariados. Las heredabilidades directas y maternas en el modelo 2 fueron 0,02 y 0,002 para univariado, y 0,03 y 0,0004 a 0,006 en el análisis bivariado, respectivamente. Las correlaciones genéticas entre los efectos directos de la CE con MY305, FY305 y PY305 fueron -0,99, 0,02 y -0,07 en el modelo 1 y -0,2, -0,02 y -0,13 en el modelo 2, respectivamente. Conclusión: este estudio sugiere que un índice de selección que incluye tanto los efectos directos y maternos se debe incluir en los programas de mejoramiento de la CE.
Resumo Antecedentes: distocia é uma das características secundárias economicamente mais significativas em vacas leiteiras e tem efeitos adversos sobre a subsequente sobrevivência, saúde e desempenho de mães e filhos. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos direto e maternos para facilidade de parto (CE) e sua relação com características produtivas e reprodutivas em vacas da raça Holandesa iranianos. Métodos: dados de 1991 a 2011 foram coletados a partir do Centro de Melhoramento Animal do Irã, estes continham 132.831 registros da CE, 183.203 registros de características produtivas, incluindo 305-d rendimento ajustado leite (P305), 305-d produção de gordura ajustada (FY305) e 305-d rendimento ajustado proteína (PY305), e 129.199 registros de características reprodutivas, incluindo jornadas de portas abertas (DO), dias para o primeiro serviço (DFS) e intervalo entre partos (CI). Modelos animais lineares univariados e bivariados foram utilizados para a análise de características em dois modelos diferentes em que foram incluídos efeito genético direto (modelo 1) e efeitos genéticos maternos diretos + (modelo 2) usando o algorítmo AI-REML. Resultados: a herdabilidade estimada para CE no modelo 1 foi 0,02 na análise univariada e 0,02-0,03 na análise bivariada. A herdabilidade direta e materna no modelo 2 foi 0,02 e 0,002 para univariada, e 0,03 e 0,0004-0,006 na bivariada, respectivamente. As correlações genéticas entre os efeitos diretos da CE com P305, FY305 e PY305 foram -0,99, 0,02 e -0,07 no modelo 1 e -0,2, -0,02 e -0,13 no modelo 2, respectivamente. Conclusão: este estudo sugere que um índice de seleção que inclua efeitos diretos e maternos deve ser incluído em programas de melhoramento para CE.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia and an important risk factor for thromboembolic stroke. CHA2DS2-VASc score was introduced for assessment of embolic events and as criteria for starting anticoagulants. This study was performed to evaluate the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke and AF. METHODS: This cross-sectional study consisted of 76 consecutive patients with suspected non-hemorrhagic stroke referred to the Cardiology Department of Alzahra and Ayatollah Kashani hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, during 2015-2016. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical characteristics were evaluated for all patients at baseline. CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated for all. All eligible patients underwent transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and LVDD was measured in the patients. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 64.64 ± 5.95 years and 28 subjects (36.8%) were women. The most common underlying disease in the patients was hypertension (HTN) (65.8%). Median (range) CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4 (1-7). Four patients (5.3%) had paroxysmal AF and 16 cases (21.1%) had LVDD. Analysis showed that LVDD in patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke and coexisting AF was not associated with CHA2DS2-VASc score (r = 0.151, P = 0.192). CONCLUSION: LVDD is not associated with CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke and coexisting AF.
