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1.
Sovrem Tekhnologii Med ; 13(6): 56-62, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35265359

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to perform a histological assessment of the effectiveness of radiofrequency exposure for circular denervation of the pulmonary artery in patients with secondary high pulmonary hypertension. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on the autopsy material derived from non-operated patients. Three groups were formed. The experimental group included the material (207 histological samples) from the patients with chronic high pulmonary hypertension arising on the background of mitral heart disease. The samples of this group were exposed to circular radiofrequency ablation. In the comparison group, we used autopsy material (24 samples) obtained from the patients with high pulmonary hypertension. The control group included material (35 samples) from the patients without pulmonary hypertension who died from causes not associated with cardiovascular diseases. The samples of the comparison and control groups were not exposed to radiofrequency.Visual evaluation of the damage to the vascular wall was performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining, according to Van Gieson. Damage to the nerve plexuses was evaluated after their impregnation by silver salts. To assess the degree of damage to the vascular wall on the stained sections, a scoring method of semi-quantitative analysis of the observed pathological processes (fibrinoid necrosis, metachromasia, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, fibrinoid and mucoid swelling, lipid presence) was used. Silver salt impregnation allowed visualizing damage to the reticular fibers, trunks and endings of peripheral nerve fibers. Results: The mean optical density of the ablation group was statistically significantly lower than in the comparison and control groups (p<0.001). The mean specific area of tissue dissociation was higher in the "marginal zones" of the ablated sections, under pronounced mechanical compression in these areas. The difference in the mean areas of the argentophilic samples of the ablation and comparison and control groups was expressed in a lower percentage of argentophilic fibrous structures (p<0.05). At the same time, the highest concentration of argentophilic structures was observed in the comparison group, which points to a bigger content of nerve fiber structures in the patients with high pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion: The results of the histological study demonstrated the feasibility of radiofrequency ablation of the pulmonary arteries in patients with high-grade secondary pulmonary hypertension. Radiofrequency denervation leads to the destruction of the sympathetic ganglia in the adventitial layer of the pulmonary arteries, which are responsible for the spasm of the precapillary bed of the pulmonary circulation, which promotes vasodilation, an increase in the vascular bed, and, as a result, a reduction in pulmonary hypertension.


Subject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Pulmonary Artery/surgery , Sympathectomy/methods , Vasodilation
2.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 169(3): 318-323, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32743780

ABSTRACT

The study examined effectiveness of pharmaco-cold cardioplegia employing solutions of enhanced buffer capacity during surgery of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in adult patients (N=51) operated during 2013-2018. In group 1 (N=28), the cardioplegia was performed with HTK (Custodiol) solution, whereas in group 2 (N=23), it was carried out with Bokeria-Boldyrev ACH solution. The mean, minimum, and maximum ages in group 1 were 46, 21, and 64 years, respectively; in group 2 - 42, 14, and 70 years, respectively. In both groups, the patients were subjected to myoectomy of exit pathway in the left ventricle according to Bokeria-Morrow operation and annuloplasty of tricuspid valve accompanied by reconstructive surgery (or replacement) of mitral valve. Atrial fibrillation (if any) was suppressed with cryoablation (-60°Ð¡) of the openings of the right and left pulmonary veins. The surgery was carried out in hypothermic mode at 28°C. The significant intergroup differences were observed in the asystole latent period after the onset of antegrade or retrograde injection of cardioplegic solution. In group 1, the asystole latent periods determined after antegrade or retrograde injection were 53±7 or 170±30 sec, respectively; in group 2 - 32±6 and 97±11 sec (p<0.0001), respectively. The mean times of aortic cross-clumping in groups 1 and 2 were 66±8 and 64±6 min, respectively; the electromechanical action of the heart restored after aortic unclamping in 35±7 and 30±6 sec, respectively. The biochemical and clinical data revealed no significant intergroup differences. Overall, novel Bokeria-Boldyrev ACH cardioplegic solution secured effective protection of the myocardium against intraoperative ischemia in adult patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and significantly decreased the asystole latent period.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/surgery , Adult , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/drug therapy , Female , Glucose/therapeutic use , Heart Arrest, Induced , Humans , Male , Mannitol/therapeutic use , Middle Aged , Potassium Chloride/therapeutic use , Procaine/therapeutic use , Young Adult
3.
Kardiologiia ; 60(5): 991, 2020 Jun 03.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32515708

ABSTRACT

Aim Analyzing a 5-year experience of surgical treatment of cardiosurgical patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods The study analyzed results of surgical treatment with extracorporeal circulation in 132 patients with AF who underwent the Maze-IV procedure using a radiofrequency ablator with transmurality feedback from 2013 through 2018.Results Two fatal outcomes were observed in the study group. These outcomes took place in the early postoperative period and were associated with progressive acute heart failure in patients with repeated surgery for mitral valve restenosis. 61.2% of the patients had no AF. Recurrent AF was observed during the first three years after surgery in association with withdrawal of the antiarrhythmic medication, which confirmed a need for long-term antiarrhythmic therapy. Analysis of risk factors for AF relapse identified significant predictors, including left ventricular dilatation larger than 5.5 cm at baseline and more than two-year duration of a history of arrhythmias.Conclusion The Maze-IV procedure proved an effective and safe method of surgical treatment in AF patients with acquired heart defects and ischemic heart disease, which allowed maintaining sinus rhythm in 61.2% of patients for 5 years. Preventive amiodarone saturation reduced the risk of AF relapse by 24.2 % (p=0.038) and incidence of postoperative arrhythmic complications by 34.9 % (p=0.008) in cardiosurgical patients.


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Catheter Ablation , Heart Valve Diseases , Humans , Treatment Outcome
4.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 30(29): 295804, 2018 Jul 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29893721

ABSTRACT

We study the phenomenon of optical nonreciprocity in multilayer systems of magnetic nanoislands [FeNi-Al2O3] N . An anomalously large optical nonreciprocity was observed in these systems. The effect was manifested in nonequivalence of polarization plane rotation of reflected light for the sample in an initial position and rotated by [Formula: see text]. We assume that the super-vortex magnetization in the FeNi layers is responsible for the optical nonreciprocity effect. It was found that the value of nonreciprocity effect depends on the effective thickness of FeNi island layer and reaches a maximum with the super-vortex magnetization formation. The nonreciprocity magnitude is significantly higher than the values observed recently in systems of specially formed magnetic nanoparticles. Nonreciprocity magnitude is strongly dependent on interlayer interaction between nanoisland layers at large distances.

5.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 19(31): 20608-20618, 2017 Aug 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28731105

ABSTRACT

The ionization of gas-phase protonated peptides and proteins can induce molecular responses ranging from purely non-dissociative ionization to extensive multifragmentation of the system. In the case of soft X-ray photoionization, a monotonic transition between both regimes occurs in the mass range between 0.5 and 10 kDa. Despite the localized nature of the photoabsorption, excitation energy equilibrates before fragmentation sets in and the transition reflects the increase of the heat capacity with protein size. Here, we have investigated the influence of peptide size on vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization of protonated proteins, where photoexcitation and ionization are limited to valence electrons rather than inner shell electrons and the photoexcitation contribution is markedly lower. Gas phase protonated peptides with masses ranging from 0.6-2.8 kDa were trapped in a radiofrequency ion trap and exposed to synchrotron radiation. Time of flight mass spectrometry was employed for the investigation of the photoionization and photofragmentation processes. The relationship between peptide fragmentation and peptide size exhibits a similar trend as observed for soft X-ray absorption. Due to the lower excitation energies involved, however, dissociation is already quenched at smaller masses and peptide amino acid compositions, protonation states and ionization potentials lead to deviations from the general trend.


Subject(s)
Peptides/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods , Amino Acid Sequence , Electrons , Protons , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/instrumentation , Ultraviolet Rays , Vacuum
6.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 18(37): 26213-26223, 2016 Sep 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27722598

ABSTRACT

Multiply protonated peptides and proteins in the gas phase can respond to near edge X-ray absorption in three different ways: (i) non dissociative ionization and ionization accompanied by loss of small neutrals, both known to dominate for proteins with masses in the 10 kDa range. (ii) Formation of immonium ions, dominating for peptides in the 1 kDa range. (iii) Backbone scission leading to sequence ions which is typically weaker and has mainly been observed for peptides in the 1 kDa range. We have studied carbon 1s photoexcitation and photoionization for a series of peptides and proteins with masses covering the range from 0.5 kDa to more than 10 kDa. The gas phase protonated molecules were trapped in a radiofrequency ion trap and exposed to synchrotron radiation. Time of flight mass spectrometry was employed for investigation of the photoionization and photofragmentation processes. A smooth transition from the photofragmentation regime to the non-dissociative photoionization regime is observed. Mass spectra are most complex in the few kDa regime, where non-dissociative ionization, backbone scission and immonium ion formation coexist. The observed correlation between protein size and fragmentation, i.e. radiation damage, is of relevance for soft X-ray microscopy.


Subject(s)
Gases/chemistry , Proteins/chemistry , Amino Acids/chemistry , Gramicidin/chemistry , Ions/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Temperature
7.
Kardiologiia ; 56(2): 30-34, 2016 Feb.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28294746

ABSTRACT

Data of analysis of the clinical course of a natural phenomenon of short PQ interval in 300 children are presented. During the period.


Subject(s)
Heart Rate , Tachycardia, Reciprocating , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Conduction System , Humans , Male
8.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 156(6): 880-4, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24824721

ABSTRACT

A new cardioplegic solution based on three natural dipeptides was developed and introduced at the Laboratory of Cardioplegia, A. N. Bakulev Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery. The electrolyte composition of the solution corresponded to the category of intracellular cardioplegic solutions. The results of 60 experiments on isolated rat hearts were analyzed for choosing the optimal concentration of sodium ions (35, 60, or 80 mmol/liter). The composition of the studied cardioplegic solutions was selected by ion concentrations in the intra- and extracellular fluid. Earlier and most effective recovery of cardiac function with minimum rhythm and conductivity disorders was observed in the group treated with cardioplegic solution with sodium ion concentration of 60 mmol/liter.


Subject(s)
Ischemia/physiopathology , Myocardium/metabolism , Sodium/pharmacology , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Extracellular Fluid/chemistry , Heart Arrest, Induced , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sodium/administration & dosage
9.
Kardiologiia ; 52(5): 30-6, 2012.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22839583

ABSTRACT

Results of long term clinic-electrophysiological follow-up of a large group of children with Wolf-Parkinson-White (WPW) phenomenon are present. From 1993 to 2011 we examined 176 children - 117 boys (66,5%) and 59 girls (33,5%) - with manifesting type of WPW. Age at first examination was 12.5+/-3.2 ( 0.1 18 ). In 66.5% of children WPW phenomenon was present in the age from 10 to 18 . Hundred fifty nine children (104 [65.4%] boys and 55 [34.6%] girls) were followed up for 0.5-17 years (mean 7.4+/-4.5 years). During follow-up spontaneous attacs of atrioventricular reciprocal tachycardia appeared in 13 children (8.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.4-13.6%). Spontaneous disappearance of signs of ventricular pre-excitation on electrocardiogram and transition to intermittent form of WPW were registered in 14(8.8%, 95%CI 4.9-14.3%) and 12 children (7.5%, 95% CI 3.9-12.8%). Short lasting syncopal states were observed in 15 children (8.4%). In 3 of them atrial fibrillation with high rate of venricular rhytm was induced during transesophageal electrophysiological study. Two (1.3%) children had history of clinical death. In one of them WPW phenomenon was combined with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. This child died at the age of 11 years. One (0.6%) boy with WPW phenomenon died suddenly in 3 years after initial examination. Thus, children with WPW phenomenon are at risk of development of life threatening states and sudden cardiac death. Stratification of risk of sudden death is necessary at examination of such children.


Subject(s)
Death, Sudden, Cardiac/epidemiology , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/diagnosis , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Causality , Cause of Death , Child , Comorbidity , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Risk Assessment , Russia/epidemiology , Young Adult
10.
Morfologiia ; 139(1): 43-8, 2011.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21539085

ABSTRACT

The structure of Wistar rat subcutaneous adipose tissue and axillary (regional) lymph nodes (LN) was studied by the methods of light microscopy after the subcutaneous implantation of the fragments of silicone mammary implant in the area of right scapula in animals treated with interleukin-2 (IL-2). Subcutaneous implantation of sterile silicone plates to rats was found to induce chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with the formation of connective tissue capsule. Implants placement to rats treated with IL-2 resulted in the formation of a thicker capsule with the signs of sclerosis, fibrosis and hyialinosis; all the capsular structures were heavily infiltrated with macrophages, which contained phagocytozed silicone fragments. After the introduction of silicone implants, the volume of the capsule and connective tissue in the regional LN progressively increased, while after IL-2 treatment the intensity of sclerotic processes was significantly decreased. The relative area of lymphoid nodules without the germinal centers in LN sections was increased 1 month following the induction of chronic inflammatory process in rats treated with IL-2, but by 6 months the proportion of nodules both with or without germinal centers become less, as compared to the initial data.


Subject(s)
Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/pathology , Interleukin-2/therapeutic use , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects , Silicones/adverse effects , Animals , Inflammation/immunology , Macrophages/immunology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
12.
Morfologiia ; 135(3): 50-4, 2009.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19860330

ABSTRACT

The structure of rat lymph nodes regional to the purulent wound under the conditions of interleukin (IL-2) treatment was investigated by the methods of light microscopy. In the lymph nodes from intact animals, the cortical plateau was found to become diminished with the simultaneous paracortical zone expansion. In the regional lymph nodes from rats with an untreated purulent wound, the relative dimensions of cortical plateau were decreased because of expansion of the medullary structures. Lymphoid parenchyma and the sinuses of lymph nodes contained erythrocytes, the numbers of immuno- and plasmoblasts, macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes were increased. IL-2 treatment in animals with a purulent inflammatory reaction secured the greater integrity of structure of these organs and of cytoarchitecture of their various zones. However, the administration of this cytokine resulted in increased vascular permeability and enhanced the probability of allergic reaction development, which requires the development and application of prophylactic measures of the specified side effects and complications.


Subject(s)
Capillary Permeability/drug effects , Interleukin-2/pharmacology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Wounds and Injuries/pathology , Animals , Humans , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/immunology , Inflammation/pathology , Interleukin-2/immunology , Lymph Nodes/immunology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Wounds and Injuries/drug therapy , Wounds and Injuries/immunology
13.
Spinal Cord ; 45(6): 429-36, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17228355

ABSTRACT

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with repeated measurements. OBJECTIVES: To examine the patient's perspective of the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on physical, cognitive, emotional function, and quality of life (QOL). SETTING: Australia. METHODS: A sample of 63 patients with SCI, 32 of whom had recent injuries, and 31 with established injuries were administered the Ruff Neurobehavioral Inventory to examine patients' subjective evaluation of pre- and post-injury functioning. Current happiness levels were also evaluated using the Subjective Happiness Scale. A follow up assessment was performed 6 months later to examine changes over time. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between perception of pre- and postmorbid function on composite Cognitive (t=5.99, df=62, P<0.001), Physical (t=11.56, df=62, P<0.001), and QOL (t=7.16, df=62, P<0.001) scales and on several of the Emotional subscales including anxiety, paranoia and suspicion, and substance abuse (P<0.001). A series of hierarchical regression analyses indicate that post-SCI pain was a significant predictor of: cognitive (R(2)=0.20, P<0.001); emotional (R(2)=0.13, P<0.004); and of QOL (R(2)=0.22, P<0.001) functioning. With the exception of a decrease in happiness (P<0.01), there were no significant changes in any measures over the 6 month time period. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant changes in patients' perceptions of physical and cognitive functioning, and of QOL before and after SCI and some aspects of emotional functioning. Pain has a significant adverse effect on functioning. Happiness decreased slightly in the 6 months between surveys.


Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Mood Disorders/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Self Concept , Spinal Cord Injuries/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disability Evaluation , Female , Happiness , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mood Disorders/diagnosis , Mood Disorders/etiology , Neuropsychological Tests , Pain/etiology , Pain/psychology , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Surveys and Questionnaires
14.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 144(3): 471-3, 2007 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18457057

ABSTRACT

We studied pharmacological properties of immunotropic preparation from porcine skin (skin resorption effect and acute and chronic toxicity). It was demonstrated that the preparation did not damage the skin during evaluation of skin-resorption effect; evaluation of acute and chronic toxicity revealed no changes in the general state of experimental animals and histological structure of visceral organs and skin; evaluation of chronic toxicity showed that the preparation induced no changes in blood biochemical parameters compared to the control.


Subject(s)
Dermatologic Agents/toxicity , Skin , Activins , Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/toxicity , Animals , Dermatologic Agents/pharmacology , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Mice , Ointments/pharmacology , Ointments/toxicity , Rats , Skin/chemistry , Skin/drug effects , Skin/immunology , Swine
15.
Vopr Onkol ; 52(3): 305-8, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17191703

ABSTRACT

Immunological indices were assayed in 167 patients with gastric cancer. Tumor growth involved reduction in levels of neutrophil peroxide (p<0.05), CD3+ and CD19+-cells (p<0.05) as well as intensification of apoptosis of lymphocytes (p<0.05). As monocytic and granulocytic phagocytosis (p<0.001) and HLA-DR-expression in monocytes (p<0.001) diminished, and mitogen-induced proliferative activity of mononuclear cells suppressed (p<0.05), total and relative levels of CD8+-cells (p<0.05) and spontaneous proliferative activity of mononuclear cells (p<0.05) in peripheral blood increased. Such changes should not be reganded as expression of immunosuppression alone. Mechanisms of immunological failure inherent in tumor growth need to be investigated further.


Subject(s)
Stomach Neoplasms/immunology , Adult , Aged , Apoptosis , Female , HLA-DR Antigens/immunology , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Male , Middle Aged , Phagocytosis
16.
Vopr Onkol ; 51(6): 672-9, 2005.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17037033

ABSTRACT

A link between HLA allelic variants and long-term results of surgery for gastric tumors was established on the basis of a 10-years follow-up of 112 cancer patients (stage I-II--37.9, III-IV--62.1%; radical surgery--44.6%). HLA class I was studied in a lymphocytotoxic test; HLA class II--gene DRBI specificity using polymerase chain reaction of peripheral blood cell DNA. The control group included healthy subjects living in the city of Novosibirsk (n = 341). High frequency of antigens HLA-B41, -DR1, -DR7 (p < 0.01) co-occurred with HLA-A2, -B12, -B13 and -B18 presence (p < 0.05) in breast cancer patients. Clinical manifestations of cancer were shown to develop in HLA-A1, -B8, -B15, -DR3 and -DR5 carriers at early stages. Tumor development at later stages (III-IV) was associated with HLA-A2, -B12, -B17, -B35, -B41 and -DR7. A link was registered between lethality rate, on the one hand, and HLA-A3, -B22, and, in particular, DR4, on the other, while remission of more than 7-years--with HLA-A11, -B13, -B21 and -DR5. HLA-B22/DR3 phenotype involved worse prognosis in radically-treated patients whereas that of HLA-B8/DR3--a better one.


Subject(s)
Genes, MHC Class II , Genes, MHC Class I , HLA Antigens/genetics , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Stomach Neoplasms/immunology , Aged , Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic , Female , Gene Frequency , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phenotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Stomach Neoplasms/mortality , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Time Factors
17.
J Chem Phys ; 121(23): 11639-44, 2004 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15634129

ABSTRACT

The Zeeman effect in the excited A 2Pi(3/2) state of CaF is measured and analyzed over a wide range of magnetic fields. It is found that the splitting of the Zeeman levels is largely determined by the coupling between different rotational states and there are no low-field seeking states in the J=3/2 manifold of Zeeman levels at high magnetic fields. A model of the Zeeman spectrum based on the ligand-field theory of CaF is shown to be accurate in the interval of magnetic fields 0-5 Tesla. This demonstrates that the magnetic moment of the CaF(A 2Pi(3/2)) molecule is effectively determined by the spin angular momentum of a single electron and the orbital motion of the valence electron around the Ca2+ core. An analysis of the Zeeman spectrum as a function of the molecular rotational constant indicates that 2Pi(3/2) molecules should have significant rotational constants (at least as large as twice the rotational constant of CaF) to be amenable to magnetic trapping in high fields.

20.
Vopr Onkol ; 43(3): 269-72, 1997.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9245080

ABSTRACT

An immunogenetic examination of 86 cases of stomach cancer established a correlation between predisposition and resistance, on the one hand, and the distribution of allele sets of HLA-genes (classes I and II), on the other. The relationship was found to vary according to sex and age. The most significant relationships with respect to predisposition were identified for HLA-B51 (RR = 19.82) alleles and allele combinations of HLA-DRI-DR7 (RR = 25.52) and HLA-A9-DRI (RR = 33.67). High relative risk of stomach cancer was attributed to the absence of relevant alleles in 91 patients included into the group of comparison. Also, combinations of allele sets were identified in healthy subjects which never occur in stomach cancer patients. The results provide a substantiation for developing an automated system of interpreting HLA-typing data which are instrumental in evaluating the patient's predisposition, resistance and prognosis.


Subject(s)
HLA Antigens/genetics , HLA Antigens/immunology , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Stomach Neoplasms/immunology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Alleles , Disease Susceptibility , Female , Genes, MHC Class I/genetics , Genes, MHC Class I/immunology , Genes, MHC Class II/genetics , Genes, MHC Class II/immunology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors , Siberia
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