ABSTRACT
Introdução: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os resultados cirúrgicos da nefrolitotripsia percutânea entre as posições prona e Valdivia-Galdakao. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo transversal com análise de dados de pacientes submetidos à NLPC em posição prona e Valdivia-Galdakao. Os pacientes foram subdivididos de acordo com os critérios da Classificação de Guy. Resultados: Foram analisados 136 pacientes (86 em posição prona e 50 em posição Valdivia-Galdakao). A média do tempo cirúrgico da posição prona foi de 161min e da posição Valdivia-Galdakao foi de 134min. A taxa de limpeza completa foi semelhante em ambas as posições, 40% em posição prona e 39,5% em posição Valdivia-Galdakao. Conclusões: O posicionamento cirúrgico em Valdivia-Galdakao apresentou tempo cirúrgico menor que o posicionamento prono, principalmente nos casos menos complexos (Guy's 1). A posição supina é uma opção segura e eficaz no tratamento de litíase renal e uma alternativa atraente em relação à sua variante clássica.
Introduction: The objective was to compare the surgical results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy between the prone and Valdivia-Galdakao positions. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed with data analysis from patients submitted to PCNL. The patients were arranged in prone and Valdivia-Galdakao position. Patients were subdivided according to the Guy Classification criteria. Results: A total of 136 patients were analyzed (86 in prone position and 50 in Valdivia-Galdakao). The average surgical time in prone position was 161min and in Valdivia-Galdakao position was 134min. The complete clearing rate was similar in both positions, 40% in prone position and 39,5% in Valdivia-Galdakao position. Conclusions: The Valdivia-Galdakao positioning had less surgical time than prone positioning, especially in less complex cases (Guy's 1). The supine position is a safe and effective option in the treatment of renal lithiasis and an alternative to be considered regarding to the classical variant.
ABSTRACT
Os hemangiomas são tumores benignos, e raramente podem se apresentar no tecido paratesticular. Sua fisiopatologia ainda é desconhecida, e são poucos os relatos de caso dessa doença, que atinge mais frequentemente pacientes jovens. Apesar de benigna, pode mimetizar tumores malignos do testículo, sendo na maioria das vezes indicada abordagem invasiva para o diagnóstico. Apresentamos o relato de caso de um paciente com nódulo testicular. No decorrer da investigação, suspeitou-se de neoplasia maligna, sendo realizada orquiectomia com posterior análise patológica e diagnóstico de hemangioma paratesticular da túnica vaginal
Hemangiomas are benign tumors, and can rarely occur in the paratesticular tissue. Its etiology is still unkown, and there are few case reports of this disease, which affects younger patients more often. Although benign, it can mimic malignant tumors of the testis, and an invasive approach to diagnosis is indicated. We present the case of a young patient who underwent to orchiectomy for a testicular nodule. Posterior pathological analysis presented as paratesticular hemangioma of the tunica vaginalis
ABSTRACT
AIM: Ultrasound tissue characterization (USTC) is a precursor of ultrasound virtual histology (USVH), already applied to B-mode images of coronary, carotid, and peripheral arteries, as well as venous thrombosis. Elevated echogenicity has been described for a rejected transplanted kidney. We analyzed data from healthy young adults as reference for further renal USTC. METHODS: Ultrasound kidney images of 10 volunteers were analyzed. Pixel brightness in the 0-to-255 range was rescaled to zero for black and 200 for fascia brightness before automatic classification into 14 ranges, including "blood-like" (0-4), "fat-like" (8-26), "hypoechoic muscle-like" (41-60), "hyperechoic muscle-like" (61-76), 4 ranges of "fiber-like" (112-196), "calcium-like" (211-255) and intermediary intervals. Nomenclature was readapted using nonechoic, hypoechoic I to IV, echoic I to IV, hyperechoic I to IV, and saturated echoes to avoid inference to actual kidney tissue. Descriptive and comparative statistics were based on percentages of pixels in specific brightness ranges. SAMPLE POPULATION: Eight women and 2 men, 26 ± 4 years (range, 22-34 years) old, were studied. Kidney length was 10.5 ± 0.9 cm (9.0-12.0 cm). Doppler US resistivity index was 0.67 ± 0.03 (0.62-0.71). RESULTS: Original fascia brightness converted to 200 value had a mean ± SD of 206 ± 16 (range, 181-236). Kidney grayscale median averaged 37 ± 6 (27-48). Most pixels were hypoechoic II to IV (8-60), averaging 78% ± 6% (66%-87%). Percentages for fat-like, intermediary fat/muscle-like, and hypoechoic muscle-like intervals averaged 25%, 28%, and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A reference database for USTC/USVH of normal young kidneys was created for future comparisons with transplanted and abnormal kidneys. Normal renal echoes have low brightness. Hyperechoic pixels may represent abnormalities.
