ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological chronic disease that causes a number of physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms. The identification of these factors will allow mitigating unemployment and improve quality of life of patients. The Buffalo Vocational Monitoring Survey (BVMS) is a tool to characterize Work-Challenged patients. OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze BVMS data in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) from Argentina. To study the association with physical, cognitive and psychiatric morbidity in employed patients, comparing the performance of MS Work-Challenged and MS Work-Stable patients, with and without accommodations. METHODS: 119 MS patients were administered the Argentina adaptation of the BVMS, and completed measures of physical disability, fatigue, depression, cognitive processing speed, memory and verbal fluency. RESULTS: 65.54% of the patients were employed and 19.32% were unemployed, the remaining having roles of housewife, students and disability retirees. Within the employed subgroup, 60.26% were working as employees and 39.74% were self-employed. Cognitive and clinical variables differentiate patients with and without negative events and accommodations (pâ> â0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This Spanish version BVMS is considered a new tool to monitor employment difficulties in Spanish-speaking MS patients. MS Work-Challenged had a higher depression, fatigue and worse performance in cognitive variables.
Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis , Developing Countries , Employment , Fatigue , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Quality of Life , UnemploymentABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to make a descriptive review of the bibliography available on cognitive dysfunction in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). We selected fifteen studies that quantitatively assess the relationship between NMOSD and one or more cognitive variables. Results showed that patients with NMOSD had a decrease in cognitive functions. Cognitive dysfunctions were found in 35-67% of patients with NMOSD, specifically in the attention, memory and information processing speed. Cognitive dysfunctions were found to relate to injuries in white matter as well as clinical variables and depression.
Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Neuromyelitis Optica/complications , Neuromyelitis Optica/psychology , Animals , Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology , Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology , Humans , Neuromyelitis Optica/epidemiology , Neuromyelitis Optica/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The Mediterranean corn borer, Sesamia nonagrioides, occurs sympatrically in the northeast of Spain with other lepidopteran pests such as Ostrinia nubilalis and Mythimna unipuncta. In this study, we evaluated the electrophysiological and behavioural response of mated and unmated females and males of S. nonagrioides to their own complete pheromone blend, to its own four components separately, and to the pheromone components of the sympatric species O. nubilalis and M. unipuncta. Results of the electroantennogram recordings revealed that females of S. nonagrioides can detect their own pheromone blend and its individual components. Moreover, our results show that unmated females and males of S. nonagrioides are more sensitive to the female pheromone, showing higher electrophysiological response than the mated females and males. Electroantennogram recordings showed that males and females can detect the major sexual pheromone component of O. nubilalis (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and the minor component of the pheromone of M. unipuncta (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate. When the sex pheromone stimulus was presented in the dual-choice assays, gravid females of S. nonagrioides were attracted to both their own complete pheromone blend and one of their own minor pheromone components, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, but the major sexual pheromone component of O. nubilalis acts as a behavioural antagonist to the females.
Subject(s)
Arthropod Antennae/drug effects , Moths/metabolism , Pheromones/pharmacology , Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Choice Behavior/drug effects , Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory , Female , Male , Moths/drug effects , Sex Factors , Spain , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Transgenic Bt maize expressing the Cry1Ab toxin is poorly effective for suppressing populations of two non-target Lepidoptera, Mythimna unipuncta and Helicoverpa armigera. In order to determine the mechanisms that may be involved in this poor effectiveness, last instar larvae of the two Lepidoptera were fed with a diet containing lyophilized leaves with Bt vs non-Bt toxin for different periods; additionally, some larvae fed on Bt diet were transferred to non-Bt diet for an additional period. In the experimental larvae, we measured the growth (weight) gain from just before treatment to after the end of the treatment, and the Cry1Ab contents in the hemolymph, the peritrophic membrane and its contents and midgut epithelium. Effects of the treatments on the midgut epithelium were observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. It was seen that multiple mechanisms can be involved in the low susceptibility of the two Lepidoptera. The low content of the toxin within the peritrophic membrane 48 h after ingestion indicates a high rate of toxin elimination in this space. Moreover, M. unipuncta larvae fed on the Bt diet displayed a similar growth gain index to those fed on the non-Bt diet, and showed an increasing elimination rate during the experiment. Little toxin reached the midgut epithelium, indicating a low permeability of the peritrophic membrane or a low affinity at the binding sites. Larvae fed on the Bt toxin showed rapid recovery in weight gain and in the midgut epithelium, and also showed overcompensation mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Endotoxins/metabolism , Hemolysin Proteins/metabolism , Moths/drug effects , Animals , Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins , Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects , Larva/drug effects , Larva/growth & development , Larva/metabolism , Moths/growth & development , Moths/metabolism , Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism , Zea mays/metabolismABSTRACT
No disponible
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pediatrics/trends , Paintings , Physician's RoleABSTRACT
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is an uncommon disorder characterized by an isolated thrombocytopenia due to ineffective megakaryocytopoiesis at birth and the almost complete absence of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Mutations in the gene for the thrompoietin receptor MPL were defined as the molecular cause in congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia patients, developing into a pancytopenia during the first years of life. A case of congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia with no signs of pancytopenia at the age of 12 years is presented. Mutations were not found in the MPL gene.
Subject(s)
Receptors, Thrombopoietin/genetics , Thrombocytopenia/congenital , Thrombocytopenia/genetics , Thrombopoiesis/physiology , Child , DNA Mutational Analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Molecular Biology/methods , Pancytopenia/diagnosis , Point Mutation/genetics , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosisABSTRACT
La trombocitopenia congénita amegacariocítica es una rara enfermedad caracterizada por una trombocitopenia aislada, que tiene su origen en una deficiente megacariocitopoyesis desde el nacimiento, con disminución o ausencia de la presencia de megacariocitos en médula ósea. Mutaciones en el gen MPL, receptor para la trombopoyetina, son la causa molecular de la trombocitopenia congénita amegacariocítica, y dan origen al desarrollo de una pancitopenia en los primeros años de la vida. Se presenta un caso de trombocitopenia congénita amegacariocítica que no ha mostrado signos de pancitopenia a la edad de 12 años. No se hallaron mutaciones en el gen MPL (AU)
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is an uncommon disorder characterized by an isolated thrombocytopenia due to ineffective megakaryocytopoiesis at birth and the almost complete absence of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Mutations in the gene for the thrompoietin receptor MPL were defined as the molecular cause in congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia patients, developing into a pancytopenia during the first years of life. A case of congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia with no signs of pancytopenia at the age of 12 years is presented. Mutations were not found in the MPL gene (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Thrombocytopenia/congenital , Pancytopenia/diagnosis , Thrombopoiesis/physiology , Megakaryocytes , Thrombopoietin/analysisABSTRACT
Las obras de los artistas pueden ser utilizadas paraincrementar la conciencia de la compleja naturalezade los seres humanos y los condicionantes queyacen bajo sus apariencias. Las artes visuales porlo tanto pueden ser un medio para ayudar a los médicosa progresar en su capacidad interpretativa yen sus dotes de observación. Cuerpos, mentes,emociones y las relaciones que se establecen entreellos, son exploradas y expresadas por medio de lasartes y las humanidades tanto como por la ciencia.La sensibilidad del artista puede ser equivalente alconocimiento del científico, y pudiera ser posibleque ambos se uniesen formando parte de una grany maravillosa fuerza de conocimiento. El niño de Vallecasde Velazquez, es uno de los más conmovedoresretratos de la historia de la pintura, y puedeser una fuente útil para explorar estas capacidadesen una visión de conjunto a través de la pediatría,las humanidades y la historia del arte
Works by artists can be used to increase awaranesso the complex nature of human beings andtheir conditions, wich lie beneath the appearances.The visual arts, therefore can be used to help physiciansin training increase their observational and interpretativeskills. Bodies, minds, emotions, and relationshipsare explored and expressed through thearts and humanities as well as science. The sensitivityof the artist may equal the knowlege of thescientifist, and perhaps in time it will be possible forthem to link together in a great and mervellous forceof knowlege. El niño de Vallecas by Velazquez isone of the most touching portaits of the history painting,a can be a useful source to explore this skills ina overall view through pediatrics, humanities and arthistory
Subject(s)
Art , Medicine in the Arts , Paintings , Famous Persons , Dwarfism/diagnosis , Achondroplasia/diagnosisABSTRACT
In the Mediterranean Basin, developed diapausing larvae of the borer Sesamia nonagrioides Lefèbvre are found consistently during autumn in transgenic corn, Zea mays L., expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) toxins derived from event 176. These larvae can feed on sublethal concentrations of Bt toxins because the expression of this corn toxin declines after flowering. To evaluate the possible consequences of this phenomenon, the effect of sublethal concentrations of the natural toxin producer, B. thuringiensis variety kurstaki (Dipel DF) on the performance of S. nonagrioides in the laboratory was examined. Larvae treated with Dipel DF showed higher mortality, longer developmental time, extra molts, and higher sensitivity to critical daylength for diapause induction than the untreated larvae. Accordingly, diapausing larvae collected in October and February in a Bt cornfield exhibited a higher number of supernumerary molts before pupating and longer diapause development than larvae collected in a non-Bt field at the same time. These results demonstrate that deployment of Bt corn in the Mediterranean may affect both the borer performance and the development of Bt resistance in addition to direct mortality caused by the Bt toxin.
Subject(s)
Bacillus thuringiensis/physiology , Larva/growth & development , Moths/growth & development , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Zea mays/genetics , Animals , Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics , Plants, Genetically Modified , SeasonsABSTRACT
Studies to determine possible differences in the pheromone communication system of three different populations of the corn stalk borer Sesamia nonagrioides (Lef.) in France. Spain. and Greece were carried out. The two main pheromone components (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac) and (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16:OH), were detected in all analyses with very small differences in the three populations. Among the minor components, analyzed by GC-MS on concentrated gland extracts from French and Greek origin females, (Z)-l1-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald) was detected in minor amounts. Wind-tunnel and field studies revealed similar a male response in the three populations to pheromone glands extracts and synthetic pheromone regardless of the female/male origin. The results do not support the assumption of the existence of different pheromone types of the corn stalk borer S. nonagrioides due to geographic isolation.
Subject(s)
Moths , Sex Attractants/pharmacology , Sexual Behavior, Animal , Adaptation, Physiological , Animal Communication , Animals , Female , Geography , Male , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an uncommon chronic disease, of unknown cause, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, which is usually associated with peripheral blood eosinophilia. The symptoms of this complex disorder are variable, and frequently include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, protein losing enteropathy and malabsorption. In general, patients can be successfully treated with corticosteroids, but relapses are common. We present the first case of a 6-year-old boy with Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (Pseudohypoparathyroidism Ia) associated with eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Alternatives to traditional treatment with corticosteroids are discussed.
Subject(s)
Eosinophils/pathology , Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/complications , Gastroenteritis/complications , Gastroenteritis/pathology , Child , Gastroenteritis/blood , Humans , Male , Mucous Membrane/pathology , Pseudohypoparathyroidism/complications , Pseudohypoparathyroidism/diagnosisABSTRACT
La gastroenteritis eosinofílica es una rara enfermedad crónica, de causa desconocida, caracterizada por la infiltración del tracto gastrointestinal por leucocitos eosinófilos, que habitualmente se acompaña de eosinofilia en sangre periférica. Esta compleja enfermedad desarrolla síntomas variables, con frecuencia dolor abdominal, náuseas, diarrea, enteropatía con pérdida proteínica y malabsorción. En general, los pacientes pueden ser tratados satisfactoriamente con corticoides, pero son posibles las recidivas. Se presenta el primer caso de un paciente de 6 años afectado de osteodistrofia hereditaria de Albright (seudohipoparatiroidismo Ia) asociado a gastroenteritis eosinofílica, y se discuten las alternativas al tratamiento tradicional con corticoides (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Male , Humans , Mucous Membrane , Pseudohypoparathyroidism , Eosinophils , Gastroenteritis , Fibrous Dysplasia, PolyostoticABSTRACT
Studies to detect mutations in the GNAS1 gene were performed in a male patient with features of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy and resistance of target tissues to parathyroid hormone (Pseudohypoparathyroidism Ia). The same investigations were carried out in the patient's mother who showed somatic features of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and brachymetacarpia without resistance to parathyroid hormone (Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism). A point mutation designated c.794GA (R265H) in exon 10 of GNAS1 was identified in DNA from the patient and his mother. This novel mutation in exon 10 of GNA
Subject(s)
Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic/genetics , Mutation , Child, Preschool , GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Se estudian las mutaciones en el gen GNAS1, en un paciente con alteraciones somáticas propias de osteodistrofia hereditaria de Albright y resistencia en los efectores hísticos a la hormona paratiroidea (seudohipoparatiroidismo Ia), y en su madre solamente con alteraciones somáticas y braquimetacarpia (seudoseudohipoparatiroidismo). Se identifica una mutación designada 794G. A en el exón 10 del gen GNAS1, en el ADN del paciente y de su madre. Esta mutación original en el exón 10 del gen GNAS1, es patogénica y confirma el diagnóstico de osteodistrofia hereditaria de Albright (AU)
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Male , Humans , Mutation , GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs , Fibrous Dysplasia, PolyostoticABSTRACT
La Medicina del Deporte requiere el uso de pruebas complementarias para realizar un diagnóstico más preciso y objetivo, al igual que sucede en el resto de especialidades. En nuestro caso, la Radiología Simple va a constituir la técnica básica de diagnóstico por la imagen para visualizar las lesiones óseas más habituales en las distintas disciplinas deportivas. Se revisaron los estudios radiológicos de tobillo y pie realizados en el Centro de Medicina del Deporte del CARICD durante los últimos cuatro años (1996-2000) a 258 deportistas españoles de alta competición pertenecientes a 3 modalidades deportivas con entrenamiento y seguimiento médico habitual en nuestras instalaciones: atletismo, deportes de combate (judo, karate, taekwondo, kickboxing, lucha) y gimnasia) .En el deporte de alta competición las lesiones óseas más frecuentes con expresión radiológica son las debidas a microtraumatismos repetidos (lesiones por sobrecarga) y las pequeñas fracturas. El mecanismo de producción está relacionado con el gesto deportivo de presunción para una correcta indicación radiológica. (AU)
