ABSTRACT
Introduction: Ultrasound is the most reliable imaging modality for thyroid evaluation due to the limitations in the clinical examination of this gland. Thyroid gland developmental anomalies are rare. Most of its variations are due to the persistence of the thyroglossal duct and the absence of the isthmus. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in Nnewi population using ultrasound. Materials and method: A total of 321 subjects resident in Nnewi, including 167 males and 154 females, were randomized. A written consent was obtained from all patients. The subjects were aged between 18 and 35 years. This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Thyroid glands were scanned using a 2-dimensional ultrasound machine with a 7.5 MHz transducer; model Siemens Sonoline Prima which was made in Japan for Siemens Medical System Incorporated, ultrasound Group, Issaquah, WA, 98029-7002, USA. Results: The study revealed no incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in the study population. Conclusion: This study has clearly demonstrated no incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in subjects resident in Nnewi, Nigeria.Introduction: Ultrasound is the most reliable imaging modality for thyroid evaluation due to the limitations in the clinical examination of this gland. Thyroid gland developmental anomalies are rare. Most of its variations are due to the persistence of the thyroglossal duct and the absence of the isthmus. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in Nnewi population using ultrasound. Materials and method: A total of 321 subjects resident in Nnewi, including 167 males and 154 females, were randomized. A written consent was obtained from all patients. The subjects were aged between 18 and 35 years. This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Thyroid glands were scanned using a 2-dimensional ultrasound machine with a 7.5 MHz transducer; model Siemens Sonoline Prima which was made in Japan for Siemens Medical System Incorporated, ultrasound Group, Issaquah, WA, 98029-7002, USA. Results: The study revealed no incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in the study population. Conclusion: This study has clearly demonstrated no incidence of pyramidal lobe and agenesis of the thyroid isthmus in subjects resident in Nnewi, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The effect of marital status and self-reported exercise was investigated in a sample of Igbos in Nigeria. Physical activity level was grouped into: no exercise; irregular exercise and regular exercise. In all the groups; adiposity level and mean BP decreases as the frequencies of physical activity increases and these were significant for weight; BMI; diastolic BP; body circumferences; skinfold thickness except CSF among the married men; while for the never married men significant difference exist only for WC; FAC; SSF among the three groups. For the married women; the three groups of physical activity recorded significant difference in Weight; BMI; WC and HC while the never married women had significant difference only in CSF (F = 4.5; P = 0.01). The result of this study suggests that sex; marital status and exercise have effect on adiposity and blood pressure of the subjects. The married state was conducive for the development of excess adiposity and elevated BP while regular participation in exercise brings a reduction in fat stores and blood pressure. In conclusion; there is a greater tendency for married individuals to be overweight as compared to the never married subjects and regular physical exercise has strong influence in reducing the propensity to increase weight in both men and women
