Approach to New-Onset Psychosis in Pediatrics: A Review of Current Practice and an Interdisciplinary Consensus-Driven Clinical Pathway at a Single-Center Institution.

New-onset psychosis in the pediatric population poses many diagnostic challenges. Given the diversity of underlying causes, which fall under the purview of multiple medical specialties, a timely, targeted, yet thorough workup requires a systematic and coordinated approach. A committee of expert pediatric physicians from the divisions of emergency medicine, psychiatry, neurology, hospitalist medicine, and radiology convened to create and implement a novel clinical pathway and approach to the pediatric patient presenting with new-onset psychosis. Here we provide background and review the evidence supporting the investigations recommended in our pathway to screen for a comprehensive range of etiologies of pediatric psychosis.

Racial disparities in surgical outcomes: Does the level of resident surgeon play a role?

BACKGROUND: Despite recognition of racial/ethnic surgical disparities, few studies have considered the role of surgical residents. This study aimed to elucidate whether disparities in postoperative outcomes are associated with the presence/level of surgical residents involved in procedures. METHODS: Patients who were classified as having laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, and open hernia repair in the 2005-2010 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database were compared by level of provider (junior residents postgraduate year 1-2, senior residents, attending alone) for differences in patient demographics, clinical case-mix, and postoperative outcome information by the use of descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 196,770 patients met inclusion criteria. Attendings performed 43.0% of operations alone (senior residents 37.5%, junior residents 20.1%), They operated on 44.1% white, 30.1% black, and 43.9% Hispanic patients compared with 35.5%, 48.7%, and 41.3% and 20.4%, 21.3%, and 14.8% for senior and junior residents, respectively. Compared with attendings alone, senior residents were more likely to operate on black patients (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.95-2.09) and have major (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21) and minor complications (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.11-1.31). Junior residents also were more likely to operate on black patients but did not experience significantly worse outcomes. CONCLUSION: Greater risk-adjusted odds of complications among patients treated by senior residents need to be carefully weighed given the group's higher likelihood of operating on minority patients.