ABSTRACT
Chondrosarcoma is a rare malignancy composed of transformed cells of cartilage. This cancer is characterized by slow growth. Almost 75% of intracranial chondrosarcomas are observed on the skull base and grow from bone synchondrosis. Other rarer localizations of tumor are cerebral falx, tentorium cerebelli, vascular plexuses of the ventricles, fourth ventricle, convexital surface of the brain, etc. In this manuscript, we report treatment of patient with falcine chondrosarcoma.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms , Chondrosarcoma , Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Brain , Chondrosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Chondrosarcoma/surgery , Dura Mater , HumansABSTRACT
Non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) or metaphyseal fibrous defect (MFD) is benign fibroblast proliferation with the presence of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. The most cases of NOF/MFD occur in the metaphysis of the long tubular bones of the lower extremities, more commonly in the metaphysis of the femur and in the proximal metaphysis of the tibia. This lesion has a characteristic X-ray pattern and requires no surgical intervention, except for cases of a pathologic fracture or a risk for the latter. The paper analyzes 35 NOF/MFD cases in children and adolescents. It has been found that one and all patients have undergone surgery, suggesting the low awareness of this abnormality among radiodiagnosticians, pathologists, and surgeons.
Subject(s)
Cell Proliferation , Femoral Neoplasms , Fibroblasts , Fibroma , Adolescent , Child , Female , Femoral Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Femoral Neoplasms/metabolism , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Fibroblasts/pathology , Fibroma/diagnostic imaging , Fibroma/metabolism , Humans , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
Osteochondroma is called a benign cartilage-forming tumor arising from an aberrant subperiosteal cartilage. Multiple osteochondromas syndrome (MOS) is an autosomal dominant disease, the basis for which is mutations in the EXT (EXT1 or EXT2) genes. Osteochondroma is one of the most common benign bone tumors. According to the WHO data, it is detectable in 35% of benign bone tumors and 8% of all surgically removed bone tumors. A total of 491 cases of bone tumors were analyzed in the children and adolescents diagnosed at the Department of Pathoanatomy, Russian Children's Clinical Hospital, Moscow, in 2009 to 2014. All the patients with osteochondroma were divided into 2 groups: 1) sporadic cases (n = 63) and 2) tumors included in MOS (n = 33). Both groups showed a preponderance of boys (39 boys and 24 girls in Group 1 and 21 boys and 12 girls in Group 2). Clinical, radiological, and morphological criteria for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of osteochondromas in children and adolescents are given.
Subject(s)
Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary/diagnosis , Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary/pathology , Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary/surgery , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Classical osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents. It more frequently occurs in the areas of the highest growth plate proliferation: limb long bones particularly in the distal femur (30%), proximal tibia (15%), and proximal humerus (15%). In the long bones, the tumor is located usually in the metaphysis (90%), less frequently in the diaphysis (9%), and very rarely in the epiphysis. This paper considers the clinical, radiological, and histological diagnosis, and prognosis in this pathology.
