ABSTRACT
Avanafil, a selective second-generation phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, was successfully labeled with iodine-125 via electrophilic and different factors affecting the labeling efficiency were studied. The labeled compound exhibited in-vitro stability of more than 24 h with a maximum labeling yield of up to 98.4 ± 1.9 %. Molecular modeling and in-vitro assessment of tracer inhibitory activity were performed to ensure that radiolabeling did not affect its binding ability to the target. Biodistribution studies were performed in normal rats and models of erectile dysfunction. The tracer specifically accumulated in the penis, and the clearance appeared to take place via the hepatobiliary route. Results suggested the usefulness of radiolabeled avanafil as a promising tracer for erectile dysfunction.
Subject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging , Pyrimidines , Radiopharmaceuticals , Animals , Iodine Radioisotopes , Male , Models, Animal , Models, Molecular , Molecular Conformation , Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors , Pyrimidines/chemistry , Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics , Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Different molar ratios of the cerium trichloride heptahydrate to isopropyl alcohol (1:2, 1:3 and 1:5) were studied to choose the optimum ratio, and studied the reaction temperature effect (80, 90 and 100 °C) to determine the optimum temperature for the preparation of poly nano cerium chloride (PNCC). The PNCC-1 was selected among the prepared PNCC batches based on the 99Mo sorption properties that confirms the feasibility of using it as a novel effective sorbent material. The structural properties and chemical composition were studied using different techniques and devices such as EDX, XRD, FESEM, FTIR, TGA, and DTA. The sorption capacity was found to be 450 ± 27 and 195 ± 11 mg/g PNCC-1 using the static and dynamic techniques, from 0.01 M NaOH to obtain about 55 and 75% 99mTc separation efficiency, respectively. The acceptability of the eluate 99mTc was investigated from the point of view of radiochemical, radionuclidic and chemical purity.
ABSTRACT
Zr:W:Si. The optimum gel was prepared using the molar ratio 1:1:7 at pH 8. The ZrSiW gel was investigated by FTIR, XRD, thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), FESEM, XRF, and NAA. Then, XRF and NAA techniques were used to estimate the proportion of the constituents of the gel according to the molecular formula [ZrO2(Si(WO4)2)16H2O]. 188W/188Re generator was prepared based on the selected ZrSi188W gel, which gives the highest tungsten content (393.3â¯mgâ¯W/g gel) with 75⯱â¯3% elution yield of 188Re. Quality control was studied on the 188Re to make sure its validity for clinical applications.
ABSTRACT
A separation procedure of (64,67)Cu(II) from (65)Zn(II) was studied for serving (62)Zn/(62)Cu generator preparation. The distribution coefficients of (65)Zn(II) and (64,67)Cu(II) ions from homogeneous medium of hydrochloric acid and acetone onto De-Acidite FF anion exchanger were investigated. Both hydrochloric acid and acetone concentrations are important factors that affect the separation process. Effects of decreasing the HCl concentration from 0.2 to 0.04 M, increasing the acetone concentration from 5% to 80% and different acetone concentrations (5-97%) in 0.2M HCl were also studied on the separation of (64,67)Cu(II) from (65)Zn(II). The exchange capacity of Zn(II) on the De-Acidite FF matrix was obtained as 3.8 meq/g and the(64,67)Cu(II) elution efficiency was 92.5% using 20 ml of 0.2M HCl-60% acetone with flow rate of 2 ml/min.The radionuclidic purity and radiochemical purity of the eluted (64,67)Cu(II) were examined.
ABSTRACT
The sealed source of (65)Zn was prepared by using permutit as a commercial organic resin in an anion form, while in case of the (134)Cs, the sealed source was prepared by using the synthesized 12-molybdocerate(IV) gel as an inorganic exchanger in cation form. The batch technique was carried out for loading (65)Zn from 0.2 M HCl-60% acetone medium and for loading (134)Cs from 0.005 M HNO(3) onto the appropriate exchanger. The sealed source material of (65)Zn-permutit or (134)Cs-12-molybdocerate(IV), about 100 mg, was placed inside the cavity of a holder capsule (artelone) and its activity was measured to be 56.61+/-2.59 kBq (1.53+/-0.07 microCi) for (65)Zn on 21 April 2008 and 1.48+/-0.089 kBq (0.04+/-0.0024 microCi) for (134)Cs on 5 May 2008. The self absorption was calculated by using artelone and compared with the same thickness of stainless steel capsule as the holder material. The quality control was performed on the prepared sealed sources.
Subject(s)
Cesium Radioisotopes , Gamma Rays , Zinc Radioisotopes , Adsorption , CalibrationABSTRACT
A comparison of the distribution coefficients (Kd) of tellurium and iodine-131 (131I) between hydrochloric acid of various concentrations (without and in presence of 0.1 M thiourea) and the cation exchange resin (Dowex50WX8) was studied. The Kd of tellurium and 131I at different concentrations of thiourea in 0.1 M HCl on the Dowex50WX8 was also studied. The results clarified that the maximum uptake of tellurium was 98% on the Dowex50WX8, while the uptakes of 131I and thiourea are 1.96% and 70%, respectively. To purify 131I from thiourea (30%), which is not retained on Dowex50WX8, the remaining solution was shaken with different types of anion exchangers (Dowex21K, Dowex1X8, and Dowex1X2) within 60 min. The most suitable anion exchanger, which gave the maximum uptake of 131I (80%) was Dowex21K. Finally, 131I was re-extracted from Dowex21K into 5 mM TBAB with a separation yield of 98%. Quality control on the separated product of tetra-butyl ammonium iodide (131I) was carried out.
ABSTRACT
The separation of 67Ga from zinc and copper target materials using an anion-exchanger (Dowex21K) and 0.1M citrate buffer at pH 6 is described. The gallium-67 was separated in citrate solution and can be directly used for medical applications.
