Subject(s)
Chickens , Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary , Laryngitis/veterinary , Poultry Diseases/epidemiology , Animal Husbandry , Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Herpesviridae Infections/epidemiology , Herpesvirus 1, Gallid/immunology , Herpesvirus 1, Gallid/isolation & purification , Laryngitis/epidemiology , Morocco/epidemiology , Poultry Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
Sixty-two strains of Escherichia coli were isolated in 58 farms from broiler chickens showing respiratory signs and lesions characteristic of avian colibacillosis. Serological examination of these strains showed that the types 078, 01 and 02 (for the somatic antigen) and K1 (for the capsular antigen) were the most frequently found. Newcastle disease virus was also isolated in two cases. All the strains of E. coli isolated were sensitive to colistin, flumequine and gentamicin. A few strains were resistant to neomycin, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim. The frequency of strains resistant to nitrofurans, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin and ampicillin was intermediate. Most strains were resistant to tetracycline. Multiple resistance was common.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Escherichia coli Infections/veterinary , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Poultry Diseases/microbiology , Sepsis/veterinary , Animals , Chickens , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Escherichia coli/classification , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Morocco , Sepsis/microbiology , SerotypingABSTRACT
The first isolation and characterisation of infectious bronchitis (IB) viruses from poultry flocks in Morocco are reported. Five isolates designated D, E, F, H and M were related serologically to the Massachusetts serotype, while the sixth, isolate G, was found to be different from any previously reported serotype of IB virus. Neutralising antibodies to isolate G have been detected in sera collected from commercial flocks in Britain, although the virus has not been isolated. While all six isolates caused respiratory disease typical of IB in experimentally infected 3-week-old specified pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, isolate G was unusual in that it could be isolated from several parts of the alimentary tract for up to 21 days post inoculation, and from the duodenum up to 28 days. H120 vaccines protected chicks challenged with isolates E and F but not isolate G.
Subject(s)
Coronaviridae/isolation & purification , Genetic Variation , Infectious bronchitis virus/isolation & purification , Animals , Chickens/microbiology , Coronaviridae Infections/microbiology , Coronaviridae Infections/veterinary , Infectious bronchitis virus/pathogenicity , Morocco , Poultry Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
Newcastle disease virus was isolated from six field cases in Morocco. On the basis of the mean death time of chicken embryos, the intracerebral pathogenicity index, and plaque formation on chicken embryo fibroblast monolayers, five isolates were determined to be of the velogenic pathotype. One of these differed from the others in that it agglutinated equine erythrocytes. The sixth isolate was found to be of low virulence but differed from the vaccinal strain tested.
