ABSTRACT
To assess the status of diabetes mellitus (DM) control in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia, all Saudi Arabian residents aged 30 years and above were invited to participate in a screening campaign. Of 197 681 participants screened 15.7% had a previous diagnosis of DM. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from these patients. Only 33.8% of patients were achieving their glycaemic control target (fasting or random capillary blood glucose < 130 mg/dL or < 180 mg/dL respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher age, current smoking and lower level of physical activity were significantly associated with uncontrolled DM. Hypertension was positively associated with glycaemic control. The overall rate of diabetes control is unacceptably low in the general population of this province.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Mass Screening/organization & administration , Adult , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Chi-Square Distribution , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/etiology , Diet, Diabetic , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Quality of Health Care , Risk Factors , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Sedentary Behavior , Smoking/adverse effects , Smoking/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
All Saudi Arabian residents of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia aged 30+ years completed a structured interview questionnaire about smoking. The prevalence of current smoking (smoked > 100 cigarettes or any tobacco products including waterpipe in lifetime and still smoking daily or occasionally for 1 month or more) among 196 268 respondents was 16.9% (28.7% among men and 4.5% among women). There was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking at younger ages in men and older ages in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with smoking were lower socioeconomic tatus, lower education, being divorced and occupations such as the military and self-employed.
Subject(s)
Smoking/epidemiology , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Educational Status , Female , Focus Groups , Health Surveys , Humans , Income/statistics & numerical data , Logistic Models , Male , Marital Status , Mass Screening , Middle Aged , Occupations , Prevalence , Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, and to study its relationship with socioeconomic factors. METHODS: The study targeted all Saudi subjects aged 30 years and above who resided in the Eastern Province in 2004. DM screening was conducted by taking the capillary fasting blood glucose (CFBG) after eight hours or more of fasting, or the casual capillary blood glucose (CCBG). A positive screening test for hyperglycaemia was defined as CFBG more than or equal to 100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/l), or CCBG more than or equal to 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l). A positive result was confirmed on another day through the measurement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels from a venous sample. A diagnosis of DM was considered if FPG was more than or equal to 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l), or when there was a history of a previous diagnosis. RESULTS: Out of 197,681 participants, 35,929 (18.2 percent) had a positive history of DM or a positive screening test for hyperglycaemia. After confirmation by venous blood testing, the prevalence of DM dropped to 17.2 percent while the prevalence of newly diagnosed DM was 1.8 percent. The prevalence increased with age and was higher in women, widows, divorcees, those who had a low education level and the unemployed. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DM in Saudi Arabia is one of the highest reported in the world, and its yield of screening is high.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Female , Health Promotion , Humans , Hyperglycemia/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
All Saudi Arabian residents of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia aged 30+ years completed a structured interview questionnaire about smoking. The prevalence of current smoking [smoked > 100 cigarettes or any tobacco products including waterpipe in lifetime and still smoking daily or occasionally for 1 month or more] among 196 268 respondents was 16.9% [28.7% among men and 4.5% among women]. There was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking at younger ages in men and older ages in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with smoking were lower socioeconomic status, lower education, being divorced and occupations such as the military and self-employed
Subject(s)
Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Educational Status , SmokingABSTRACT
To assess the status of diabetes mellitus [DM] control in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia, all Saudi Arabian residents aged 30 years and above were invited to participate in a screening campaign. Of 197 681 participants screened 15.7% had a previous diagnosis of DM. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from these patients. Only 33.8% of patients were achieving their glycaemic control target [fasting or random capillary blood glucose < 130 mg/dL or < 180 mg/dL respectively]. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher age, current smoking and lower level of physical activity were significantly associated with uncontrolled DM. Hypertension was positively associated with glycaemic control. The overall rate of diabetes control is unacceptably low in the general population of this province
