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1.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 5(5): 915-8, 2014 Mar 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26274088

ABSTRACT

The development of Li2S electrodes is a crucial step toward industrial manufacturing of Li-S batteries, a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries due to their projected two times higher specific capacity. However, the high voltages needed to activate Li2S electrodes, and the consequent electrolyte solution degradation, represent the main challenge. We present a novel concept that could make feasible the widespread application of Li2S electrodes for Li-S cell assembly. In this concept, the addition of redox mediators as additives to the standard electrolyte solution allows us to recover most of Li2S theoretical capacity in the activation cycle at potentials as low as 2.9 VLi, substantially lower than the typical potentials >4 VLi needed with standard electrolyte solution. Those novel additives permit us to preserve the electrolyte solution from being degraded, allowing us to achieve capacity as high as 500 mAhg(-1)Li2S after 150 cycles with no major structural optimization of the electrodes.

2.
Adv Mater ; 23(47): 5641-4, 2011 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22052740

ABSTRACT

A route for the preparation of binder-free sulfur-carbon cathodes is developed for lithium sulfur batteries. The method is based on the impregnation of elemental sulfur into the micropores of activated carbon fibers. These electrodes demonstrate good electrochemical performance at high current density attributed to the uniform dispersion of sulfur inside the carbon fiber.


Subject(s)
Carbon/chemistry , Electric Power Supplies , Lithium/chemistry , Nanotechnology/methods , Sulfur/chemistry , Carbon Fiber , Electrochemistry , Electrodes , Nanotechnology/instrumentation
3.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 2(2): 120-4, 2011 Jan 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26295530

ABSTRACT

We propose herein a new reliable approach to assess solvation numbers of ions confined in carbon nanopores based on dynamic quartz crystal measurements. This was proved for the entire families of alkaline, alkaline-earth cations, and halogen anions. As-assessed hydration numbers appear in the sequence characteristic of a transition from the cosmotropic to a chaotropic-type behavior with the decrease of the ion's charge-to-size ratio. The information on the behavior of ions confined in nanometric space of different (especially charged) carbon materials is in high demand for the development of powerful supercapacitors, nanofiltration membranes, and chemical/biochemical sensors.

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