Regulation of hemodynamic parameters under conditions of systemic administration of angiotensin II and angiotensin IV to rats after carotid glomectomy.

Systemic administration of angiotensin II was followed by an increase in systolic BP and HR in rats with carotid glomectomy, the time of attaining maximum values in treated animals was much higher than in sham-operated controls. Injection of angiotensin IV slightly reduced systolic BP in sham-operated animals and increased it in rats with carotid glomectomy. The involvement of the local renin-angiotensin system of the carotid body in systemic mechanisms of hemodynamics regulation is discussed.

Reduction of alcohol dependence in rats after carotid glomectomy.

Carotid glomectomy significantly reduced the degree of alcohol addiction in rats, which was induced over 12 weeks. After glomectomy, the mean weekly volume of alcohol consumed by alcoholic animals over 4 weeks was lower compared to the preoperation level, while water consumption significantly increased by the 3rd and 4th weeks after surgery. Control sham operation had no effect on ethanol and water consumption in alcoholic rats. Possible involvement of the local renin-angiotensin system in chemoreceptor cells of the carotid body into systemic mechanisms of alcohol dependence is discussed.

[Hypoxic training -- effective method of raising skin vitality in cases of local plastic operations].

In spite of the complications after expander use the advantages of local plastics predetermine constant return to the method. Systemic use of hypoxic training produces stimulating effect on the skin microcirculation and can be used widely in clinical surgical practice in cases of local plastic operations to prevent possible complications reducing consequences of blood supply disturbance and tissue oxygen provision. The method of hypoxic adaptation let us receive as non-medicamentous mean to prepare for shorter period of time more vital flap.

Comparative analysis of dipsogenic effects of systemic and intracerebral injection of angiotensin II to rats after carotid glomectomy.

Systemic administration of angiotensin II after carotid glomectomy produced a less pronounced dipsogenic effects (consumption of water and NaCl solution) compared to sham-operated control animals. Injection of angiotensin II into the lateral cerebral ventricles of the same glomectomized rats increased water and NaCl consumption to a level surpassing that of sham-operated animals. The number of drinking acts and comfortable grooming acts decreased in glomectomized animals after systemic administration of angiotensin II, but increased after its intracerebral injection compared to the control. The results confirm the hypothesis that carotid chemoreceptors, as the peripheral component of the renin-angiotensin system, participate in the mechanisms of angiotensin-induced thirst, "salt appetite", and associated behavioral forms (comfortable grooming) synergically with the central cerebral receptors.

Water and salt consumption and suppression of Angiotensin-induced thirst in rats after carotid glomectomy.

Carotid glomectomy in rats reduced daily water consumption and increased daily consumption of NaCl solution. Sham operation did not modify water and salt consumption. Intraperitoneal injection of angiotensin-II did not stimulate drinking motivation in the majority of rats subjected to carotid glomectomy. Injection of angiotensin-II to sham-operated and intact animals induced active consumption of both fluids during one hour. These results attest to the involvement of the carotid body in the regulation of consumption of water and sodium ions (the main elements of osmotic blood pressure) and the involvement of angiotensin-sensitive receptors of carotid body cells in the formation of thirst and salt appetite motivation, regulated by the renin-angiotensin system.

[Role of carotid chemoreceptors in formation of adaptive reactions in animals]. / Rol' karotidnykh khemoretseptorov v formirovanii adaptivnykh reaktsii zhivotnykh.

After surgical denervation of sinocarotid reflexogenic zones and bilateral glomectomy in white laboratory rats oxygen consumption, rectal temperature, rate of cardial contractions and thermoregulatory activity of skeletal muscles display authentic increase. Glomectomy results in decreasing calorigecic effect of noradrenaline. Compensatory increase of thermoregulatory activity of sceletal muscles in response to beta-adrenogenic blocade with inderal in post-glomectomic animals is authentically less, than before inactivation of carotid receptors. In animals after carotid glomectomy resistance to acute hypoxia is clearly reduced. True reduction of number of erythrocytes, of hemoglobin concentration, of hematocrite parameter in post glomectic animals was found, which indicates anemisation phenomena. It was found that glomectomy after adaptation of animals in the mountains of Tien Shan at the height of 3200 m during 30 days didn't substantively change resistance to acute hypoxia. Resistance to acute hypoxia of animals living on mountains (susliks, marmots) is higher than of animals living on plains. Glomectomy performed on animals living on mountain resulted in an insignificant decrease in resistance to acute hypoxia. Resistance to acute hypoxia in postglomectic animals was found to be directly linked with absolute amount of hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte number. In that way denervation of sinocarotid reflexogenic zones and bilateral glomectomy is an adequate method of comparative research of functions regulation mechanism during formation of adaptive responses in animals in dependence of various factors of external environment in norm, as well, as in pathology.

[Functional homology in response of human cardiorespiratory system to effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia under different environmental conditions]. / O funktsional'noi gomologii v reaktsii kardiorespiratornoi sistemy cheloveka na vozdeistvie gipoksii i giperkapnii v razlichnykh usloviiakh sredy obitaniia.

The authors studied physiologic peculiarities associated with cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia in various climate and geographic conditions, to combined effects of hypoxia, hypercapnia and physical burden, in artificial atmosphere with various velocity of hypoxia and hypercapnia increase. The studies were based on a hypothesis of universal mechanism that describes regulation of gas-transporting system and is aimed to supply oxygen to the body under ecologic hazards. The authors revealed similarity of circulatory and respiratory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in various ecologic circumstances.

[Diurnal dynamics of red blood indicators after carotid glomectomy in rats]. / Sutochnaia dinamika pokazatelei krasnoi krovi u krys posle karotidnoi gloméktomii.

After bilateral carotid glomectomy the rat resistance to acute hypoxia reduces and phenomena of anemia arise. There appear correlations between resistance to hypoxia and red cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit. The diurnal fluctuation of rat resistance to acute hypoxia after the glomectomy does not change while hemodynamics undergo marked changes.

[The microcirculation of patients with arterial ischemia of the lower extremities during laser therapy]. / Sostoianie mikrotsirkuliatsii u bol'nykh s arterial'noi ishemiei nizhnikh konechnostei v protsesse lazeroterapii.

Microcirculation in the patient's foot skin with different stages of arterial ischemia, was examined with the aid of TV-capillaroscopy, laser dopplerography, polarography of transcutaneous oxygen tension. The effect of semiconductor laser (wave length 0.98 mcm) on microcirculation system was studied. The dependence of capillary blood flow on the transcutaneous oxygen tension was determined. The laser therapy proved to be successful in the patients with the II and III stages of arterial ischemia.

[Effects of acute hypoxia on the development of corazol-induced seizures]. / Vliianie ostroi gipoksii na razvitie korazolovykh sudorog.

Experiments on white random-bred rats showed that development of corazol seizures depend both on corazol dose and pO2 level in atmosphere. Latent period becomes short, the time of convulsive attack and the time of all seizures prolongs with increase of corazol dose. Acute hypoxia inhibits development of seizures: decreases the time of attack and the time of all seizures, prolongs latent period. The higher the hypoxia level is more massive its protective effect on corazol seizures. The anticonvulsant mechanisms of acute hypoxia are under discussion.

[Comparative morphofunctional research on the individual resistance of animals to hypoxia]. / Sravnitel'noe morfofunktsional'noe issledovanie individual'noi ustoichivosti zhivotnykh k gipoksii.

It has been shown in experiments on white male rats that there is a correlation between hypoxia tolerance and the rate of metabolism in brain tissue. Animals with varying tolerance to hypoxia differed also in the acid-base balance of venous blood outflowing from the brain. While adapting to hypoxia animals with high individual tolerance developed the main metabolic changes in the reticular formation and those with low tolerance in the cerebral cortex. During adaptation to hypoxia animals with high and low tolerance had varying changes in acid-base balance. The data obtained allow the conclusion that there is a correlation between the rate of brain tissue metabolism, acid-base balance of jugular vein blood and individual animals' tolerance to hypoxia.

[Gas exchange and physical work capacity of natives of different geographical regions]. / Gazobmen i fizicheskaia rabotosposobnost' u urozhentsev razlichnykh geograficheskikh regionov.

A study was carried out to investigate exercise tolerance, gas exchange and external respiration of Latin-American students who lived in Moscow for a year. As controls Soviet students residing in and around Moscow were used. The above parameters were measured at a different time of the day in response to a hypercapnic exposure. Exercise tolerance was determined using the test PWC170. External respiration and gas exchange were investigated at rest and during 5 min exercises with a load of 1 and 2 Wt/kg body weight. CO2 sensitivity was determined by means of the rebreathing method. In the evening the Latin-American students showed a trend towards an increase of the cardiorespiratory activity and exercise tolerance. The Soviet students did not display changes in exercise tolerance. The Latin-American students showed an increase in the morning and a decrease in the evening of external respiration reactions. The Soviet students exhibited opposite variations. Direct alveolar measurements demonstrated an increase of pCO2 in the alveolar air in the Latin-American students in the evening and a decrease of the parameter in the Soviet students. It is suggested that cyclic changes in external respiration in response to hypercapnia are associated with exercise tolerance.