Necrosis de la extremidad libre del pene por complicación de acropostitis-fimosis en toro / Necrosis of the free end of the penis as complication of acropostitis-phimosis in bull / Necrose da extremidade livre do pênis como complicação de acropostite-fimose em touro

Entre las enfermedades que acometen los genitales externos de toros, la acropostitis-fimosismerece especial atención. En algunos casos puede acarrear un comprometimiento severo de lamucosa del pliegue interior del prepucio, hecho que puede inviabilizar la cirugía. De entre lascomplicaciones, cuando se opta por la cirugía, la afectación de la extremidad libre del pene nose ha contemplado como secuela frecuente. Este trabajo objetiva describir los hallazgosclínicos e histopatológicos de un caso poco común de estenosis y fibrosis del folleto prepucialinterno con consecuente necrosis de la extremidad libre del pene, como complicaciónposterior a la cirugía de acropostitis-fimosis. Durante el procedimiento fueron recolectadosfragmentos de las áreas lesionadas para examen histopatológico. No fue posible efectuar lacorrección quirúrgica de la fimosis del prepucio, siendo necesaria la amputación de unfragmento del pene. El procedimiento fue respaldado por los hallazgos histopatológicos,confirmatorios de la gravedad del caso.

Among the diseases that affect the external genitalia of bulls, the acropostite-phimosisdeserves emphasi. In some cases, can be diagnosed severe mucosal involvement of theinternal leaflet preputial which can cripple surgery. Among the complications, when optingfor surgery, is the compromising the free end of the penis that has not been appointed ascommon sequela. This paper aims to describe the clinical and histopathological findings of anunusual case of stenosis and fibrosis of the inner preputial leaflet with resultant necrosis of thefree end of the penis, as complications after surgery acropostite - phimosis. During theprocedure, fragments of damaged areas for histopathology analysis were collected. Unable tosurgical correction of the prepuce phimosis, amputation of penile segment was required. Theprocedure was backed by histopathologic findings that confirmed the gravity of the case.

Dentre as enfermidades que acometem a genitália externa de touros, a acropostite-fimosemerece destaque. Em alguns casos, pode-se diagnosticar severo comprometimento da mucosado folheto prepucial interno o que pode inviabilizar a cirurgia. Dentre as complicações,quando se opta pelo ato operatório, o comprometimento da extremidade livre do pênis nãotem sido apontado como sequela frequente. Este trabalho objetiva descrever os achadosclínicos e histopatológicos de um caso incomum de estenose e fibrose do folheto prepucialinterno com consequente necrose da extremidade livre do pênis, como intercorrência após acirurgia de acropostite-fimose. Durante o procedimento, foram colhidos fragmentos das áreaslesionadas para exame histopatológico. Não foi possível efetuar a correção cirúrgica dafimose prepucial, sendo a amputação de um segmento peniano necessária. O procedimento foirespaldado pelos achados histopatológicos, confirmando a gravidade do caso.

Necrosis de la extremidad libre del pene por complicación de acropostitis-fimosis en toro / Necrosis of the free end of the penis as complication of acropostitis-phimosis in bull / Necrose da extremidade livre do pênis como complicação de acropostite-fimose em touro

Entre las enfermedades que acometen los genitales externos de toros, la acropostitis-fimosismerece especial atención. En algunos casos puede acarrear un comprometimiento severo de lamucosa del pliegue interior del prepucio, hecho que puede inviabilizar la cirugía. De entre lascomplicaciones, cuando se opta por la cirugía, la afectación de la extremidad libre del pene nose ha contemplado como secuela frecuente. Este trabajo objetiva describir los hallazgosclínicos e histopatológicos de un caso poco común de estenosis y fibrosis del folleto prepucialinterno con consecuente necrosis de la extremidad libre del pene, como complicaciónposterior a la cirugía de acropostitis-fimosis. Durante el procedimiento fueron recolectadosfragmentos de las áreas lesionadas para examen histopatológico. No fue posible efectuar lacorrección quirúrgica de la fimosis del prepucio, siendo necesaria la amputación de unfragmento del pene. El procedimiento fue respaldado por los hallazgos histopatológicos,confirmatorios de la gravedad del caso.

Among the diseases that affect the external genitalia of bulls, the acropostite-phimosisdeserves emphasi. In some cases, can be diagnosed severe mucosal involvement of theinternal leaflet preputial which can cripple surgery. Among the complications, when optingfor surgery, is the compromising the free end of the penis that has not been appointed ascommon sequela. This paper aims to describe the clinical and histopathological findings of anunusual case of stenosis and fibrosis of the inner preputial leaflet with resultant necrosis of thefree end of the penis, as complications after surgery acropostite - phimosis. During theprocedure, fragments of damaged areas for histopathology analysis were collected. Unable tosurgical correction of the prepuce phimosis, amputation of penile segment was required. Theprocedure was backed by histopathologic findings that confirmed the gravity of the case.

Dentre as enfermidades que acometem a genitália externa de touros, a acropostite-fimosemerece destaque. Em alguns casos, pode-se diagnosticar severo comprometimento da mucosado folheto prepucial interno o que pode inviabilizar a cirurgia. Dentre as complicações,quando se opta pelo ato operatório, o comprometimento da extremidade livre do pênis nãotem sido apontado como sequela frequente. Este trabalho objetiva descrever os achadosclínicos e histopatológicos de um caso incomum de estenose e fibrose do folheto prepucialinterno com consequente necrose da extremidade livre do pênis, como intercorrência após acirurgia de acropostite-fimose. Durante o procedimento, foram colhidos fragmentos das áreaslesionadas para exame histopatológico. Não foi possível efetuar a correção cirúrgica dafimose prepucial, sendo a amputação de um segmento peniano necessária. O procedimento foirespaldado pelos achados histopatológicos, confirmando a gravidade do caso.

Complicações pós-cirúrgicas após a exérese de carcinoma de células escamosas perianal e perivulvar em égua

O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar as intercorrências após ressecção cirúrgica de carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) em uma égua e as medidas de tratamento adotadas no pós operatório. Foi atendida no Setor de Cirurgia de Grandes Animais do Campus Jataí - UFG, uma fêmea equina de cinco anos de idade, com a presença de nódulo na região perianal e peri-vulvar, cuja avaliação histopatológica revelou tratar-se de CCE.  Dois dias após a remoção do tumor, o animal entrou em quadro de cólica, cuja sintomatologia persistiu por 20 dias, sendo adotado tratamento clínico e remoção manual de fezes, pois havia dificuldade de defecação, em virtude de prováveis lesões na musculatura adjacente, bem como no esfíncter anal. A insistência no tratamento proposto foi efetivo, pois assim que a ferida cirúrgica cicatrizou e o animal restabeleceu a capacidade de movimentação do esfíncter, o trânsito intestinal normalizou.

COMPLICAÇÕES PÓS-CIRÚRGICAS APÓS A EXÉRESE DE CARCINOMA DE CÉLULAS ESCAMOSAS PERIANAL E PERIVULVAR EM ÉGUA

O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar as intercorrências após ressecção cirúrgica de carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) em uma égua e as medidas de tratamento adotadas no pós operatório. Foi atendida no Setor de Cirurgia de Grandes Animais do Campus Jataí - UFG, uma fêmea equina de cinco anos de idade, com a presença de nódulo na região perianal e peri-vulvar, cuja avaliação histopatológica revelou tratar-se de CCE.  Dois dias após a remoção do tumor, o animal entrou em quadro de cólica, cuja sintomatologia persistiu por 20 dias, sendo adotado tratamento clínico e remoção manual de fezes, pois havia dificuldade de defecação, em virtude de prováveis lesões na musculatura adjacente, bem como no esfíncter anal. A insistência no tratamento proposto foi efetivo, pois assim que a ferida cirúrgica cicatrizou e o animal restabeleceu a capacidade de movimentação do esfíncter, o trânsito intestinal normalizou.

P53 gene: major mutations in neoplasias and anticancer gene therapy

The p53 gene encodes a protein that has molecular weight of 53kD and is also called p53 protein, being constantly studied for its classic concept of "genome guardian". This gene plays a range of essential functions to ensure the cell cycle control, in addition to playing a central role in carcinogenesis. With respect to neoplasias, it prevents the neoplastic transformation through three intricate mechanisms. Depending on the extent of the mutation, different responses may be sent by p53 and those range since the disruption of the cell cycle, the correction of the mutation through the activation of repair proteins or still, the induction of senescence or cell death by apoptosis. This review aims to address the structural and functional aspects of the p53 gene and protein, and also reaffirm their participation in the carcinogenesis control, approaching their major mutations and the anticancer gene therapy involving this gene.

O gene p53 codifica uma proteína que tem peso molecular de 53kD e é também chamada de proteína p53, sendo constantemente estudado por seu conceito clássico de "guardião do genoma". Esse gene desempenha uma série de funções essenciais para garantir o controle do ciclo celular, além de desempenhar um papel central na carcinogênese. Com relação a neoplasias, impede a transformação neoplásica através de três mecanismos intrincados. Dependendo da extensão da mutação, diferentes respostas podem ser enviadas por p53 desde a ruptura do ciclo celular, a correção da mutação através da ativação de proteínas de reparo ou, ainda, a indução de senescência ou morte celular por apoptose. Esta revisão visa a abordar os aspectos estruturais e funcionais do gene p53 e proteína, e também reafirmar a sua participação no controle da carcinogênese, abordando suas principais mutações e a contribuição para a terapia gênica anticâncer.

P53 gene: major mutations in neoplasias and anticancer gene therapy

The p53 gene encodes a protein that has molecular weight of 53kD and is also called p53 protein, being constantly studied for its classic concept of "genome guardian". This gene plays a range of essential functions to ensure the cell cycle control, in addition to playing a central role in carcinogenesis. With respect to neoplasias, it prevents the neoplastic transformation through three intricate mechanisms. Depending on the extent of the mutation, different responses may be sent by p53 and those range since the disruption of the cell cycle, the correction of the mutation through the activation of repair proteins or still, the induction of senescence or cell death by apoptosis. This review aims to address the structural and functional aspects of the p53 gene and protein, and also reaffirm their participation in the carcinogenesis control, approaching their major mutations and the anticancer gene therapy involving this gene.

O gene p53 codifica uma proteína que tem peso molecular de 53kD e é também chamada de proteína p53, sendo constantemente estudado por seu conceito clássico de "guardião do genoma". Esse gene desempenha uma série de funções essenciais para garantir o controle do ciclo celular, além de desempenhar um papel central na carcinogênese. Com relação a neoplasias, impede a transformação neoplásica através de três mecanismos intrincados. Dependendo da extensão da mutação, diferentes respostas podem ser enviadas por p53 desde a ruptura do ciclo celular, a correção da mutação através da ativação de proteínas de reparo ou, ainda, a indução de senescência ou morte celular por apoptose. Esta revisão visa a abordar os aspectos estruturais e funcionais do gene p53 e proteína, e também reafirmar a sua participação no controle da carcinogênese, abordando suas principais mutações e a contribuição para a terapia gênica anticâncer.

Estudo retrospectivo de fimose traumática em equinos e tratamento utilizando a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento de pênis (1982-2007)

Penis and prepuce injuries of stallions are common causes of infertility in horses and among them, paraphimosis is featured. This retrospective study was conducted in 367 rural properties and 49 cases were found; 43 of them were traumatic with 12 deaths. The technique of circumcision with shortening of the penis was used for the correction of the disease in 20 animals. They were divided into two groups according to the anesthetic protocol used. All horses had post-operative complications such as edema in various degrees, which decreased significantly in 95% of animals after the seventh day. Thus, it was concluded that the technique of circumcision with penis shortening is an effective alternative in the treatment of traumatic paraphimosis in horses.

Traumatismos no pênis e prepúcio de garanhões são causas comuns de infertilidade nos equinos e entre elas destaca-se a fimose, que, neste estudo retrospectivo, realizado em 367 propriedades rurais, foram encontrados 49 casos da enfermidade, sendo 43 casos de origem traumática e com 12 óbitos. A técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento do pênis foi utilizada para a correção da enfermidade em 20 animais, distribuídos em dois grupos de acordo com o protocolo anestésico utilizado. Todos os equinos apresentaram como complicação pós-operatória edema em vários graus, porém diminuindo significativamente em 95% dos animais após o sétimo dia. Assim, concluiu-se que a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento peniano constitui-se em alternativa viável e eficiente no tratamento de fimose traumática em equinos.

Estudo retrospectivo de fimose traumática em equinos e tratamento utilizando a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento de pênis (1982-2007)

Penis and prepuce injuries of stallions are common causes of infertility in horses and among them, paraphimosis is featured. This retrospective study was conducted in 367 rural properties and 49 cases were found; 43 of them were traumatic with 12 deaths. The technique of circumcision with shortening of the penis was used for the correction of the disease in 20 animals. They were divided into two groups according to the anesthetic protocol used. All horses had post-operative complications such as edema in various degrees, which decreased significantly in 95% of animals after the seventh day. Thus, it was concluded that the technique of circumcision with penis shortening is an effective alternative in the treatment of traumatic paraphimosis in horses.

Traumatismos no pênis e prepúcio de garanhões são causas comuns de infertilidade nos equinos e entre elas destaca-se a fimose, que, neste estudo retrospectivo, realizado em 367 propriedades rurais, foram encontrados 49 casos da enfermidade, sendo 43 casos de origem traumática e com 12 óbitos. A técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento do pênis foi utilizada para a correção da enfermidade em 20 animais, distribuídos em dois grupos de acordo com o protocolo anestésico utilizado. Todos os equinos apresentaram como complicação pós-operatória edema em vários graus, porém diminuindo significativamente em 95% dos animais após o sétimo dia. Assim, concluiu-se que a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento peniano constitui-se em alternativa viável e eficiente no tratamento de fimose traumática em equinos.

Estudo retrospectivo de fimose traumática em equinos e tratamento utilizando a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento de pênis (1982-2007)

Penis and prepuce injuries of stallions are common causes of infertility in horses and among them, paraphimosis is featured. This retrospective study was conducted in 367 rural properties and 49 cases were found; 43 of them were traumatic with 12 deaths. The technique of circumcision with shortening of the penis was used for the correction of the disease in 20 animals. They were divided into two groups according to the anesthetic protocol used. All horses had post-operative complications such as edema in various degrees, which decreased significantly in 95% of animals after the seventh day. Thus, it was concluded that the technique of circumcision with penis shortening is an effective alternative in the treatment of traumatic paraphimosis in horses.

Traumatismos no pênis e prepúcio de garanhões são causas comuns de infertilidade nos equinos e entre elas destaca-se a fimose, que, neste estudo retrospectivo, realizado em 367 propriedades rurais, foram encontrados 49 casos da enfermidade, sendo 43 casos de origem traumática e com 12 óbitos. A técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento do pênis foi utilizada para a correção da enfermidade em 20 animais, distribuídos em dois grupos de acordo com o protocolo anestésico utilizado. Todos os equinos apresentaram como complicação pós-operatória edema em vários graus, porém diminuindo significativamente em 95% dos animais após o sétimo dia. Assim, concluiu-se que a técnica de circuncisão com encurtamento peniano constitui-se em alternativa viável e eficiente no tratamento de fimose traumática em equinos.

Aspectos epidemiológicos e tratamento de lesões parasitárias semelhantes à Estefanofilariose em vacas lactantes / Epidemiological aspects and treatment of parasitic lesions similar to Stephanofilariasis disease in nursing cows

O presente trabalho objetivou descrever aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e histológicos das lesões e avaliar a viabilidade de um protocolo terapêutico para estefanofilariose localizada na pele do úbere de vacas lactantes. Utilizou-se no estudo 40 fêmeas bovinas de aptidão para leite em lactação com lesões características de estefanofilariose. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos (GI e GII), sendo as feridas dos bovinos que constituíram o GI higienizadas com hipoclorito de sódio e tratadas diariamente com aplicação tópica de pomada contendo triclorfon, ivermectina, dexametasona, calêndula, óxido de zinco e pomada aderente de vaselina sódica, associada à aplicação parenteral de ivermectina a 1%. O GII foi utilizado como controle não sendo tratado. Do total de bovinos que fizeram parte do GI, 12 (60%) recuperaram-se até o 45o dia de tratamento e oito (40%) tiveram a cura clínica entre 45-60 dias. O diagnóstico de estefanofilariose geralmente é presuntivo, sendo que os aspectos relacionados à epidemiologia, achados clínicos e à resposta positiva ao tratamento auxiliam na confirmação da enfermidade. Os exames histopatológicos auxiliam no diagnóstico revelando a presença do nematódeo, embora a observação do parasito não seja freqüente. O protocolo terapêutico empregado mostrou-se economicamente viável e eficiente, com recuperação de todas as lesões.  

The aim was to describe epidemiological, clinical and histological aspects of parasitic lesions caused by Stephanofilariasis on the udder of nursing cows and to evaluate the viability of a therapeutic protocol. Forty lactating cows with characteristic Stephanofilariasis lesions were divided into two groups, GI and GII. The wounds on the udder of the GI cows were cleansed with sodium hydrochloride and treated topically with an ointment consisting of trichlorphone, ivermectine, dexamethasone, calendula, zinc oxide and an adherent ointment of sodium vaseline, associated with the parenteral application of 1% ivermectine. GII served as control group and was left untreated. Twelve cows (60%) of GI had recovered on the 45th day of treatment and 8 cows (40%) showed clinical cure within 45-60 days. The diagnosis of Stephanofilaria stilesi infection is generally presumptive. Epidemiologically-related aspects, clinical findings and positive response to treatment help to confirm the disease. Histopathological exams also assist in the diagnosis when the presence of nematodes can be revealed, although this finding is not frequent. The therapeutic protocol employed proved to be economically viable and efficient, with recovery of all the lesions.

Epidemiological aspects of surgical diseases of the genital tract in a population of 12.320 breeding bulls (1982-2007) in the state of goias, brazil / Aspectos epidemiológicos de enfermidades cirúrgicas do aparelho genital de touros em uma população de 12.320 reprodutores (1982-2007) no estado de goiás, brasil

The genital tract of bulls might be affected by diseases that result in coeundi impotence leading to decrease of reproductive efficiency. Anatomic, breed and handling aspects are considered predisponent factors to genital injuries. In this study, it was considered 12,320 bulls evaluated between 1982 and 2007. From these, 898 (7.29%) bulls had some reproductive tract disease corrected surgically, diagnosed by specific clinical examination of the genitalia or service capacity test. At the same time, questionnaire was applied in order to obtain information related to genital diseases epidemiology. From 898 ill bulls, 741 (82.52%) were Bos indicus, 133 (14.81) were Bos taurus and 24 (2.67%) were crossbred bulls. It was observed that 570 (63.50%) were 60 months-old, 220 (24.5%) were between 40 and 60 months-old and 108 (12.0%) were 40 months-old. Among the diagnosed diseases, independent of breed, age and handling, it was identified 728 (81%) cases of acropostitis-fimosis, 46 (5.20%) penis deviation, 23 (2.60%) gland fibropapilloma, 14 (1.60%) preputial abscesses and 11 (1.20%) penile fractures. From 417 visited farms, 256 (61.50%) treated the disease empirically, ignoring previous diagnosis. Thus, it can be concluded that handling and breed characteristics were the main predisposing factors related for the etiopathogeny of reproductive tract diseases.KEY WORDS: Bovine, epidemio

O aparelho genital do touro pode ser acometido por enfermidades que resultam em impotência coeundi, levando à queda na eficiência reprodutiva. Aspectos anatômicos, raciais e manejo são considerados fatores predisponentes de injúrias à genitália. Neste estudo, catalogaram-se 12.320 touros entre 1982 e 2007, sendo que, destes, 898 (7,29%) eram portadores de alguma enfermidade cirúrgica no aparelho reprodutor, diagnosticados pelo exame clínico específico da genitália ou por meio do teste de capacidade de serviço. Concomitantemente, aplicou-se questionário para obtenção de informações relacionadas à epidemiologia das enfermidades genitais. Dos 898 touros enfermos, 741 (82,52%) eram zebuínos, 133 (14,81%) taurinos e 24 (2,67%) mestiços. Observou-se que 570 (63,5%) possuíam idade igual ou superior a 60 meses, 220 (24,5%) entre 40 e 60; e 108 (12,0%) inferior a 40 meses. Dentre as enfermidades diagnosticadas, registraram-se 728 (81%) casos de acropostite-fimose, 46 (5,20%) desvios penianos, 23 (2,60%) fibropapiloma de glande, 14 (1,60%) abscessos prepuciais e 11 (1,20%) fraturas penianas. Dos 417 produtores rurais visitados, 256 (61,50%) efetuavam, empiricamente, tratamento das enfermidades, ignorando a importância do diagnóstico. Concluiu-se que o manejo e a característica racial foram os principais fatores predisponentes relacionados à etiopatogenia das enfermidades do aparelho repr

CHRONIC EPIDIDYMITIS FOR Enterobacter cloacae IN DOG / EPIDIDIMITE CRÔNICA POR Enterobacter cloacae EM CÃO

This report describes the clinic, anatomopathological and microbiological aspects of a case of chronic epididymitis in dog caused by Enterobacter cloacae. A three-year-old Boxer male dog with a history of scrotum unilateral swelling was submitted to cytopathologic examination. After cytologic diagnosis sugestive of bacterial orchitis/ epididymitis was indicated the castration. Grossly, the right epididymis was very firm and enlarged with irregular cut surface. Epididymis and testicle samples were collected to histologic and microbiologic exams. Histologic diagnosis of chronic epididymitis and testicular degeneration were confirmed. In the bacteriological valuation, E. cloacae was identified. Diferential diagnosis was realized especially with orchitis and testicular/epididymal neoplasms. Apparently, the present case is a first descrititon of epididymitis in dog associated to E. cloacae infection. KEY WORDS: Dog, epididymitis, Enterobacter cloacae.

Este relato descreve os aspectos clínicos, anatomopatológicos e microbiológicos de um caso de epididimite crônica em cão causada por Enterobacter cloacae. Um cão macho, Boxer, de três anos de idade, com histórico de tumefação unilateral na bolsa escrotal foi submetido à avaliação citopatológica. Após o diagnóstico citológico, sugestivo de orquite ou epididimite bacteriana, indicou-se a castração do animal. Macroscopicamente, o epidídimo direito estava muito aumentado de volume, firme e com superfície de corte irregular. Coletaram-se amostras de epidídimo e testículo para exames histopatológico e microbiológico, os quais revelaram epididimite crônica, degeneração testicular e identificação de E. cloacae. Diagnóstico diferencial foi realizado principalmente com orquite e neoplasias testiculares ou epididimárias. Esse parece ser o primeiro caso descrito de epididimite em cão associada à infecção por E. cloacae. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Cão, epididimite, Enterobacter cloacae

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.

CHRONIC EPIDIDYMITIS FOR Enterobacter cloacae IN DOG / EPIDIDIMITE CRÔNICA POR Enterobacter cloacae EM CÃO

This report describes the clinic, anatomopathological and microbiological aspects of a case of chronic epididymitis in dog caused by Enterobacter cloacae. A three-year-old Boxer male dog with a history of scrotum unilateral swelling was submitted to cytopathologic examination. After cytologic diagnosis sugestive of bacterial orchitis/ epididymitis was indicated the castration. Grossly, the right epididymis was very firm and enlarged with irregular cut surface. Epididymis and testicle samples were collected to histologic and microbiologic exams. Histologic diagnosis of chronic epididymitis and testicular degeneration were confirmed. In the bacteriological valuation, E. cloacae was identified. Diferential diagnosis was realized especially with orchitis and testicular/epididymal neoplasms. Apparently, the present case is a first descrititon of epididymitis in dog associated to E. cloacae infection. KEY WORDS: Dog, epididymitis, Enterobacter cloacae.

Este relato descreve os aspectos clínicos, anatomopatológicos e microbiológicos de um caso de epididimite crônica em cão causada por Enterobacter cloacae. Um cão macho, Boxer, de três anos de idade, com histórico de tumefação unilateral na bolsa escrotal foi submetido à avaliação citopatológica. Após o diagnóstico citológico, sugestivo de orquite ou epididimite bacteriana, indicou-se a castração do animal. Macroscopicamente, o epidídimo direito estava muito aumentado de volume, firme e com superfície de corte irregular. Coletaram-se amostras de epidídimo e testículo para exames histopatológico e microbiológico, os quais revelaram epididimite crônica, degeneração testicular e identificação de E. cloacae. Diagnóstico diferencial foi realizado principalmente com orquite e neoplasias testiculares ou epididimárias. Esse parece ser o primeiro caso descrito de epididimite em cão associada à infecção por E. cloacae. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Cão, epididimite, Enterobacter cloacae

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SURGICAL DISEASES OF THE GENITAL TRACT IN A POPULATION OF 12.320 BREEDING BULLS (1982-2007) IN THE STATE OF GOIAS, BRAZIL / ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DE ENFERMIDADES CIRÚRGICAS DO APARELHO GENITAL DE TOUROS EM UMA POPULAÇÃO DE 12.320 REPRODUTORES (1982-2007) NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS, BRASIL

  The genital tract of bulls might be affected by diseases that result in coeundi impotence leading to decrease of reproductive efficiency. Anatomic, breed and handling aspects are considered predisponent factors to genital injuries. In this study, it was considered 12,320 bulls evaluated between 1982 and 2007. From these, 898 (7.29%) bulls had some reproductive tract disease corrected surgically, diagnosed by specific clinical examination of the genitalia or service capacity test. At the same time, questionnaire was applied in order to obtain information related to genital diseases epidemiology. From 898 ill bulls, 741 (82.52%) were Bos indicus, 133 (14.81) were Bos taurus and 24 (2.67%) were crossbred bulls. It was observed that 570 (63.50%) were 60 months-old, 220 (24.5%) were between 40 and 60 months-old and 108 (12.0%) were 40 months-old. Among the diagnosed diseases, independent of breed, age and handling, it was identified 728 (81%) cases of acropostitis-fimosis, 46 (5.20%) penis deviation, 23 (2.60%) gland fibropapilloma, 14 (1.60%) preputial abscesses and 11 (1.20%) penile fractures. From 417 visited farms, 256 (61.50%) treated the disease empirically, ignoring previous diagnosis. Thus, it can be concluded that handling and breed characteristics were the main predisposing factors related for the etiopathogeny of reproductive tract diseases.KEY WORDS: Bovine, epidemio

O aparelho genital do touro pode ser acometido por enfermidades que resultam em impotência coeundi, levando à queda na eficiência reprodutiva. Aspectos anatômicos, raciais e manejo são considerados fatores predisponentes de injúrias à genitália. Neste estudo, catalogaram-se 12.320 touros entre 1982 e 2007, sendo que, destes, 898 (7,29%) eram portadores de alguma enfermidade cirúrgica no aparelho reprodutor, diagnosticados pelo exame clínico específico da genitália ou por meio do teste de capacidade de serviço. Concomitantemente, aplicou-se questionário para obtenção de informações relacionadas à epidemiologia das enfermidades genitais. Dos 898 touros enfermos, 741 (82,52%) eram zebuínos, 133 (14,81%) taurinos e 24 (2,67%) mestiços. Observou-se que 570 (63,5%) possuíam idade igual ou superior a 60 meses, 220 (24,5%) entre 40 e 60; e 108 (12,0%) inferior a 40 meses. Dentre as enfermidades diagnosticadas, registraram-se 728 (81%) casos de acropostite-fimose, 46 (5,20%) desvios penianos, 23 (2,60%) fibropapiloma de glande, 14 (1,60%) abscessos prepuciais e 11 (1,20%) fraturas penianas. Dos 417 produtores rurais visitados, 256 (61,50%) efetuavam, empiricamente, tratamento das enfermidades, ignorando a importância do diagnóstico. Concluiu-se que o manejo e a característica racial foram os principais fatores predisponentes relacionados à etiopatogenia das enfermidades do aparelho repr

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.

Use of polyamide tie-rap for ovariectomy in standing mares

Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.