[The role of typological differences in animal behavior during the process of adaptation to extreme situations]. / Rol' tipologicheskikh razlichii v povedenii zhivotnykh v protsesse adaptatsii k ékstremal'nym situatsiiam.

In relation to Cosmos experiments behavioural responses of rhesus monkeys were investigated and compared with their conditioned reflex activities. The animals with a distinct search-oriented behaviour showed a higher rate of recovery of instrumented reflexes, better stability of conditioned-reflex activities to stress-effects and a faster adaptation to them. Extreme effects associated with changes in the experimental environment and rigid fixation inhibited conditioned-reflex activities to a greater extent than strong but short-term exposures followed by tests in a normal environment. It was also demonstrated that variations of the sleep structure in stress situations were largely dependent on typological features of animals.

[Effect of long-term hypokinesia on characteristics of phasic-tonic motor activity in monkeys]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi gipokinezii na kharakteristiki faznotonicheskogo dvigatel'nogo akta u obez'ian.

Male rhesus-monkeys, 5-6 years old, were kept in recumbency for a long period of time during which they had to perform phasic-tonic motor tests. The monkeys showed significant changes in the tonic component of the motor act which led to a substantial deterioration of performance parameters on hypokinesia days 20 to 30. The process of recovery began immediately after exposure and on readaptation days 14-15 the tonic component of the motor act returned to normal. The motor skill which is a consecutive chain of phasic and tonic components can be viewed as an adequate model of a voluntary motor act. This may be used for measuring quantitatively functional changes of the motor apparatus and for studying the effect of different agents on primate motor functions.