[Fever, diarrhoea and neurological syndrome in HIV-infected immigrants]. / Síndromes febril, diarreico y neurológico en pacientes inmigrantes infectados por el VIH.

Fever, diarrhoea and neurological symptoms are relatively common in immigrants, as well as in HIV-infected patients. The main febrile diseases in HIV-positive immigrants from the tropics are tuberculosis, bacteremia due to Salmonella spp. or Streptococcus pneumoniae and community-acquired pneumonia or pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jiroveci. The presence of diarrhoea should lead to suspicion of opportunistic infections caused by parasites and protozoa of the digestive tract such as Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Cyclospora spp. and Microsporidium spp. The main diseases to be taken into account are those of the nervous system that affect immunosuppressed patients, such as cryptococcosis, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus infections. Cerebral malaria as a complication of Plasmodium falciparum should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Síndromes febril, diarreico y neurológico en pacientes inmigrantes infectados por el VIH / Fever, diarrhoea and neurological syndrome in HIV-infected immigrants

La fiebre, la diarrea y los síntomas neurológicos se observan con relativa frecuencia en la práctica diaria en pacientes inmigrantes, y también en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Las principales enfermedades que cursan con síndrome febril en pacientes inmigrantes originarios de zonas tropicales infectados por el VIH son la tuberculosis, la bacteriemia por Salmonella spp. o por Streptococcus pneumoniae, y la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad o por Pneumocystis jiroveci. En el contexto de un síndrome diarreico, hay que pensar en las infecciones oportunistas causadas por parásitos y protozoos del tubo digestivo, como Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Cyclospora spp. y Microsporidium spp. Cabe destacar las enfermedades que afectan al sistema nervioso en estos pacientes inmunodeprimidos, fundamentalmente la criptococosis, la tuberculosis, la toxoplasmosis y la infección por citomegalovirus, sin olvidar el paludismo cerebral como complicación de Plasmodium falciparum

Fever, diarrhoea and neurological symptoms are relatively common in immigrants, as well as in HIV-infected patients. The main febrile diseases in HIV-positive immigrants from the tropics are tuberculosis, bacteremia due to Salmonella spp. or Streptococcus pneumoniae and community acquired pneumonia or pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jiroveci. The presence of diarrhoea should lead to suspicion of opportunistic infections caused by parasites and protozoa of the digestive tract such as Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Cyclospora spp. and Microsporidium spp. The main diseases to be taken into account are those of the nervous system that affect immunosuppressed patients, such as cryptococcosis, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus infections. Cerebral malaria as a complication of Plasmodium falciparum should be included in the differential diagnosis