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1.
Int J Eat Disord ; 56(4): 758-769, 2023 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36757140

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of an integrated program (PIA-2) to reduce the risk for problems related to eating, weight and body image in female adolescents from Argentina. METHOD: A quasi-experimental study was conducted by comparing an experimental group versus a control group. The final sample included 509 girls aged 13-18 (M = 15.39 and SD = 1.30) from nine schools located in three geographical regions. They provided data at three assessment time points: baseline, post-intervention and a 3-month follow-up. Dependent variables included skipping breakfast, physical activity, eating disorder risk and thin-ideal internalization. The program was carried out in three 90-minute sessions within usual school hours, at 1-week intervals. RESULTS: Participants who received the intervention decreased more than the control group in skipping breakfast month by month. However, a significant effect of the intervention was not found on physical activity, eating disorder risk, and thin-ideal internalization. DISCUSSION: The presence of mixed findings shows the need to adjust the intervention to enhance the results. The importance of working jointly with other Latin American countries is emphasized, in order to promote the growth of the field of prevention, regarding cultural particularities shared by our societies. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Integrated programs aimed at reducing risk factors for the entire spectrum of problems related to eating, weight and body image could lead to beneficial and more efficient effects. However, their development is still incipient in Latin America. PIA-2 Program, designed for female adolescents, produced positive results in one of the four variables studied, decreasing the weekly frequency of skipping breakfast among adolescents. This is pioneering research in Argentina and the region since very few studies on integrated prevention have been published in Latin America. It is crucial to continue with efforts aimed at developing programs that are suited to the specific needs of the population of Latin American countries. In this aspect, our study is undoubtedly an important contribution.


Subject(s)
Body Image , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Humans , Adolescent , Female , Argentina , Body Weight , Schools , Risk Factors , Feeding and Eating Disorders/prevention & control
2.
Eat Disord ; 27(2): 183-204, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31084425

ABSTRACT

In the last few decades much effort has been devoted to developing prevention programs for eating disorders, as most individuals with these pathologies do not receive treatment and tend to become chronic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a cognitive dissonance and media literacy intervention aimed at preventing eating disorders in female adolescents. Eighty-eight female students (aged 12-17) from Argentina, participated in a 3-session program. Adolescents completed a baseline, post-intervention and a 6-month follow-up survey. A significant decrease in thin-ideal internalization, body image concerns, influence of advertising, drive for thinness and bulimic attitudes was found at post-intervention. In addition, the number of participants with disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors decreased at post-intervention. Results for body image concerns and drive for thinness were maintained at follow-up.


Subject(s)
Feeding and Eating Disorders/prevention & control , Health Promotion , Mass Media , Adolescent , Argentina , Body Image/psychology , Cognitive Dissonance , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Students/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Thinness/psychology
3.
Eat Weight Disord ; 23(1): 125-132, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27678154

ABSTRACT

Despite the fact that past research identified childhood obesity as an antecedent of eating disorders, not all obese children further develop this pathology. With this regard, our first purpose was to isolate which characteristics differentiate overweight children who have an eating disorder from those who have not. Second, considering that there is little evidence collected in Latin American countries, we provided overweight children data from an Argentinean sample. Specifically, we investigated if weight-teasing, perfectionism, disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors, and body image dissatisfaction are related to the occurrence of an eating disorder in 100 school-aged overweight/obese children (37 girls and 63 boys; mean age 10.85, SD 0.88). Participants completed self-report instruments and were interviewed between 1 and 2 months later to confirm the presence of eating disorders. Seventeen percent participants confirmed to have an eating disorder. Further, the multivariate logistic analysis revealed that perfectionism (Exp ß = 1.19) and disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors (Exp ß = 4.78) were jointly associated with the presence of an eating disorder. These results were maintained even when the overall model was adjusted for covariates such as age, gender, body mass index, and school type. Weight-teasing and body image dissatisfaction did not contribute to the multivariate model. Prevalence rates of ED and model findings were discussed.


Subject(s)
Body Image/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Models, Psychological , Obesity/psychology , Overweight/psychology , Argentina , Attitude , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Perfectionism
4.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 6(2): 73-90, jul.-dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-791591

ABSTRACT

En este estudio se presenta la adaptación y validación del Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) en mujeres con y sin trastorno alimentario. La muestra incluyó 58 pacientes mujeres con trastorno alimentario y 237 mujeres estudiantes universitarias de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina) de entre 18 y 34 años. En función de la presencia o ausencia de trastorno alimentario se formaron 2 grupos de comparación. Se halló que en ambos grupos la solución de 4 factores propuesta en la versión original de la escala es la más adecuada, excluyendo los ítems 19 y 20. La solución de 4 factores explica el 58% (mujeres con trastorno alimentario) y el 61% (mujeres sin trastorno alimentario) de la varianza total. El α de Cronbach de la escala total fue de 0.91 (mujeres con trastorno alimentario) y de 0.94 (mujeres sin trastorno alimentario). Asimismo, se observaron indicadores de validez concurrente y de constructo. En conclusión, la versión argentina del SATAQ-3 presentó indicadores adecuados de validez y consistencia interna, resultando un instrumento promisorio para la evaluación de diferentes dimensiones de las influencias socioculturales sobre la imagen corporal en mujeres con y sin trastorno alimentario.


In this study is presented the adaptation and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) in women with and without eating disorders. The sample included 58 patients with eating disorders and 237 university students from Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina), aged between 18 and 34. Two comparison groups were formed according to the presence or absence of eating disorders. In both groups, the four-factor solution proposed in the original version of the scale is the most appropriate (excluding items 19 and 20). This four-factor solution explained 58% (women with eating disorders) and 61% (women without eating disorders) of the total variance. Cronbach's α for the total scale was .91 (women with eating disorders) and .94 (women without eating disorders). Concurrent and construct validity were also evidenced. This study shows appropriate indicators of validity and internal consistency for the Argentine version of SATAQ-3. Therefore, it is a promising instrument for the assessment of different dimensions of sociocultural influence towards appearance among women with and without eating disorders.

5.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 6(2): 137-142, jul.-dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-791597

ABSTRACT

Resumen La Organización Mundial de la Salud plantea que las tasas de incidencia y prevalencia de obesidad están alcanzando cifras alarmantes a nivel mundial desde mediados del siglo pasado, convirtiéndola en un problema sanitario de primera magnitud. En esta misma línea, en Argentina, la obesidad se ha convertido en una grave amenaza para la salud pública. A partir de ello, se han generado a nivel nacional diferentes documentos y dispositivos orientados a la prevención y tratamiento del sobrepeso, la obesidad y las consecuencias asociadas. Estas medidas incluyen leyes, resoluciones, guías prácticas, planes y programas. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una revisión de documentos y dispositivos provistos en el marco de políticas públicas de salud así como también tasas de prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad a nivel nacional. A partir de la revisión bibliográfica, se identificó una serie de políticas implementadas desde la nación para combatir la obesidad. Sin embargo, el relevamiento realizado a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo en los años 2005, 2009 y 2013, evidencia un ininterrumpido crecimiento de las tasas de sobrepeso y obesidad en Argentina. Se discuten los resultados y se proponen futuras líneas de trabajo en relación con esta problemática.


Abstract The World Health Organization raises that the incidence and prevalence of obesity rates are reaching alarming levels in most countries, since the middle of the last century, turning it into a health problem of first magnitude. In Argentina, obesity has also become a serious threat to public health. From this situation, it has been generated different documents and devices aimed at the prevention and treatment of overweight, obesity and associated consequences. These measures include laws, resolutions, practical guides, plans and programs. The aim of this study is to present a review of documents and devices provided by public health policies, and prevalence national rates of overweight and obesity. From the literature review, a series of implemented policies against obesity were identified. However, National Survey of Risk Factors conducted in 2005, 2009 and 2013, provides data that show an uninterrupted growth in rates of overweight and obesity in Argentina. Results are discussed and future lines of work related to this important health problem are proposed.

6.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 4(1): 1-14, ene.-jun. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-714459

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la estructura factorial y la consistencia interna del Inventario de Trastornos Alimentarios-3 (EDI-3) en adolescentes mujeres de Buenos Aires (Argentina). 725 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias, entre 13 y 19 años, completaron el EDI-3 y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Se evaluaron diferentes soluciones factoriales. La solución más satisfactoria se alcanzó al explorar, por un lado, los ítems de las tres escalas de riesgo de trastorno alimentario (buena estructura, varianza explicada 46,7%) y por el otro, los ítems de las escalas psicológicas (estructura parcialmente diferente de la teórica, varianza explicada: 44,1%). El cómputo por Índices (agrupación de distintas escalas propuesta por el autor) se adecua más a la versión original. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna fueron adecuados en la mayoría de las escalas. Al analizar la capacidad discriminante de los ítems, se observó un "efecto suelo" en algunas escalas, siendo esto esperable en población general. Se concluye que el EDI-3 resulta un instrumento estructuralmente válido para la evaluación de riesgo de trastorno alimentario en población general y, en consecuencia, su detección temprana. Se discute el uso del instrumento en población general.


The aim of this study is to explore the factor structure and internal consistency of the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) among female adolescents from Buenos Aires (Argentina). 725 high school students, aged 13 to 19 years, completed the EDI-3 and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Different factor solutions were evaluated. The most satisfactory solution was reached to explore, first, the items of the three Eating Disorder Risk Scales (good structure, variance explained = 46.7%) and on the other, items of the Psychological Scales (with partial divergence from theoretical structure, variance explained = 44.1%). The computation of Composites (combining different scales proposed by the author) fitted more closely to the original version. Internal consistency coefficients for most scales were adequate. In analyzing the discriminatory power of the items, it was found a "floor effect" on some scales, this being expected in general population. We conclude that the EDI-3 is a valid instrument for the assessment of risk for eating disorders in general population and, consequently, its early detection. We discuss the use of this instrument in general population.

7.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 3(2): 106-120, jul.-dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-714495

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to evaluate risk of eating disorder (ED) and perfectionism in school girls and boys, and to analyze whether there is an association between both variables. The sample was composed by 337 children (51% girls-49% boys) aged between 9 and 13 years. A two-stage study was carried out. In the first stage, the children completed the following instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT), Cuestionario de Perfeccionismo Infantil-Child Perfectionism Questionnaire- and Child/adolescent Version of the Silhouette Rating Scale. They were weighed and measured by a nutritionist, according to the rules of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría. In the second stage, the children at risk for ED and a control group were interviewed in order to confirm or not such risk. After the first stage, a possible risk for ED was identified in a 30.56% of children. After the second stage, the risk was confirmed in a 9.79% of the children from the total sample, with no gender differences in this variable. It was found a significant positive association between the ChEAT total scores and the total score of Perfectionism measure. Finally, it was concluded that perfectionism is a key variable associated to risk for ED in children.


El presente estudio se propone evaluar riesgo de trastorno alimentario (TA) y perfeccionismo en niñas y niños escolarizados y analizar si existe asociación entre ambas variables. La muestra estuvo conformada por 337 niños (51% niñas-49% varones) de entre 9 y 13 años. Se realizó un estudio en dos fases. En la primera, los niños completaron los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario sociodemográfico, Test de Actitudes Alimentarias para Niños (ChEAT), Cuestionario de Perfeccionismo Infantil y Escala de Siluetas para niños y adolescentes. Fueron pesados y medidos por una nutricionista, según normas de la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría. En la segunda fase, los niños en riesgo de TA y un grupo control fueron entrevistados con el fin de corroborar o no dicho riesgo. Tras la primera fase se identificó un 30.56% de niños con posible riesgo de TA. Luego de la segunda fase se confirmó el riesgo en un 9.79% de los niños de la muestra total, no existiendo diferencias por sexo en esta variable. Se halló una asociación significativa positiva entre la puntuación total del ChEAT y la puntuación total en la medida de Perfeccionismo. Finalmente, se puede concluir que el perfeccionismo constituye una variable asociada al riesgo de TA en niños.

8.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-662044

ABSTRACT

Durante los últimos años se ha postulado al perfeccionismo como un constructo multidimensional con aspectos tanto adaptativos como desadaptativos. Dicha distinción, sin embargo, ha sido discutida por diversos autores sin existir actualmente un claro consenso acerca del tema. El presente trabajo intenta dar cuenta del modo en que se presentan estas dos dimensiones en el campo específico de los trastornos alimentarios. Con este objetivo se analizaron los estudios publicados desde el año 1991 que evaluaron perfeccionismo adaptativo y desadaptativo en dichos trastornos. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de los trabajos disponibles en las bases de datos EBSCO, PubMed y PsycINFO. Tal como ocurre en el campo del estudio del perfeccionismo en general, los estudios sobre la multidimensionalidad del constructo en trastornos alimentarios arrojan resultados diversos y dispares entre sí. Tal como predice la teoría que postula la existencia de dos dimensiones claramente distinguibles de perfeccionismo, algunos estudios indican una asociación entre los trastornos alimentarios y la dimensión desadaptativa de perfeccionismo. Otros trabajos, sin embargo, señalan asociaciones entre dichos trastornos y la dimensión adaptativa de perfeccionismo. Se analizan los resultados de estos últimos a los ines de realizar un aporte a la discusión sobre la multidimensionalidad del constructo.

9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641824

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio es dar cuenta de la relación entre el perfeccionismo en sus tres dimensiones (Altos Estándares -AE-, Orden -O- y Discrepancia-D-) y la calidad de vida percibida (CV) en tres muestras de estudiantes universitarios de las carreras de Psicología, Medicina e Ingeniería de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. La muestra estuvo conformada por 476 estudiantes que completaron los siguientes instrumentos: cuestionario sociodemográfico, la almost Perfect Scale-revised (APS-R, Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001; adaptación: Arana, Keegan, & Rutsztein, 2009) y el Inventario de Calidad de Vida Percibida (ICV, Mikulic, 2006). Los resultados sugieren una asociación signiicativa para un aspecto del perfeccionismo positivo (O) y una alta CV percibida, y para el perfeccionismo negativo (D) en relación a una baja CV percibida. Diferencias halladas en las diversas carreras para estas dimensiones indican la necesidad de atender a las variables contextuales especíicas para el análisis de este constructo.


The aim of this study is to account for the relationship between perfectionism in its three dimensions (High Standards -HS-, Order -O-, and Discrepancy -D-) and the perceived quality of life (QL) in three samples of university students of Psychology, Medicine and Engineering of the City of Buenos Aires. The sample consisted of 476 students who completed the following in struments: Socio-demographic questionnaire, the Almost Perfect Scale-revised (APS-R, Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001; adaptation: Arana, Keegan, & Rutsztein, 2009) and the Inventario de Calidad de Vida Percibida (ICV, Mikulic, 2006). Results suggest a signiicant association for one aspect of positive perfectionism (O) and a perceived high QL, and for negative perfectionism (D) and a perceived low QL. Differences found for these dimensions in the students of each career indicate the need to pay attention to specific contextual variables for the analysis of this construct.

10.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641826

ABSTRACT

Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar la adaptación lingüística y conceptual del Children`s Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT, Maloney, McGuire, & Daniels, 1988), uno de los instrumentos de screening más utilizados internacionalmente para detectar trastornos alimentarios (TA) en niños. Con este fin, se procedió a realizar una traducción del instrumento del idioma original -inglés- al idioma local-castellano-. Este primer borrador fue administrado a una primera prueba piloto con niños de entre 9 y 12 años, tras la cual se realizaron modificaciones en la mayoría de los reactivos a fin de adecuarlos al nivel de comprensión y a las expresiones lingüísticas propias de los niños de nuestro medio. A continuación, cinco expertos en TA analizaron el segundo borrador obtenido y evaluaron la adecuación de los ítems para detectar TA en niños. Por último se procedió a evaluar la versión final en una segunda prueba piloto con niños de entre 12 y 13 años. Se mantuvo dicha versión, dado que no se detectaron dificultades. Finalmente, puede concluirse que se cuenta con una adaptación lingüística y conceptualmente adecuada a niños y niñas de nuestro contexto cultural.


The purpose of this work is to present the linguistic and conceptual adaptation of the Children´s Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT, Maloney, McGuire & Daniels, 1988), one of the best known screening instruments to detect eating disorders (ED) in children. With this end, a translation from the original language -english- to the local one -spanish- was performed. The first draft was tested with children between the ages of 9 to 12 years old, and after that some of the items had to be modified in order to obtain a reliable test of the understanding and linguistic expressions used by the local children. Next, five experts in ED analyzed a second draft and evaluated and assessed the adequacy of the items to evaluate ED in children. Last, a final test was conducted with children between the ages of 12 and 13 years old. This last version was approved due to the fact that there weren´t difficulties found. Finally, the conclusion was that now there is a conceptually adequate linguistic adaptation for children in our environment.

11.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641829

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar aquellas estrategias de afrontamiento presentes en las mujeres que sufren violencia doméstica. Se diferencian las estrategias que resultarían disfuncionales de aquellas funcionales o adaptativas por su impacto en la salud y en la calidad de vida de las mujeres. Se presentan los resultados de una primera exploración cualitativa acerca de estas estrategias en nuestra población. La metodología se basó en entrevistas en profundidad a 8 mujeres que se encuentran en proceso de afrontamiento o que ya han superado la situación de violencia en su pareja. Asimismo, se utilizó la observación de dinámicas de grupos de autoayuda específicamente orientados a esta conflictiva. La muestra total estuvo conformada por 12 mujeres de entre 35 y 69 años, asistentes a centros especializados en la problemática. Los resultados destacan la relevancia del apoyo psicosocial para el afrontamiento adaptativo de esta problemática.


The present paper analyzes the coping strategies of women who suffer intimate partner violence. Maladaptive and adaptive strategies are differentiated on the basis of their impact on health and quality of life. The results of a first qualitative exploration of these strategies in our population are presented. The methodology was based on in-depth interviews to 8 women who were coping with or had already overcome violence in their couple. The dynamics of self-help groups specifically oriented to this issue have been observed as well. The total sample was formed by 12 women, whose age ranged from 35 to 69, attending to centers specialized in domestic violence. Results highlight the relevance of psychosocial support for an adaptive coping.

12.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 1(1): 48-61, Jan.-June 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-714477

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio se propone comparar hábitos, conductas y actitudes alimentarias, así como grado de satisfacción con la imagen corporal que presentan mujeres y varones de escuelas medias de Buenos Aires (Argentina). También estimar la prevalencia de trastornos alimentarios. Se trata de un estudio de doble fase en el que participaron 454 estudiantes, mujeres y varones entre 13 y 18 años, provenientes de cuatro escuelas secundarias. En la primera fase, los participantes completaron voluntariamente los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario sociodemográfico y de sintomatología específica de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) y Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). En la segunda fase, se realizó una entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada basada en el Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) con cada uno de aquellos estudiantes identificados como "probables casos", con el fin de confirmar o no, la presencia de trastorno alimentario. Al comparar ambos grupos, se encontró que una proporción significativamente mayor de mujeres se encuentra insatisfecha con su imagen corporal, realizó dietas en el último año y se provoca vómitos con el fin de mantener o bajar de peso. Las mujeres presentaron puntajes significativamente mayores en cinco subescalas del EDI-2 (Búsqueda de delgadez, Bulimia, Insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, Ineficacia y Conciencia interoceptiva). En cambio, los hombres puntuaron significativamente más alto en Perfeccionismo. Finalmente, se determinó que una proporción significativamente mayor de mujeres presenta algún tipo de trastorno alimentario (14.1% vs. 2.9%).


The aim of the study is to compare habits, behaviours and eating attitudes, as well as the degree of satisfaction with body image present in female and male students from high schools in Buenos Aires (Argentina). Also, to identify those adolescents who present eating disorders. A two-stage study was carried out with a sample conformed by 454 female and male students, between 13 and 18 years of age, from four high schools. In the first stage, the subjects voluntarily completed the following instruments: Sociodemographic and specific symptoms of eating disorders questionnaire, Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). In the second stage, a semi-structured interview based on Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) was conducted with each of those students identified like "probable cases", in order to confirm or not the presence of an eating disorder. When compared both groups, there was found a significantly higher proportion of female students that are unsatisfied with their body image, went on a diet the last year, and self-induced vomiting in order to maintain or lose weight. Female students show significantly higher scores in five subscales of EDI-2 ("Drive for thinness", "Bulimia", "Body dissatisfaction", "Ineffectiveness" and "Interoceptive awareness"). However, male students show a significantly higher score in "Perfectionism". Finally, it was determined that a significantly higher proportion of female students present some type of eating disorder: (14.1% vs. 2.9%).

13.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 39(2): 329-346, jun. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620287

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Analizar y comparar hábitos alimentarios, percepción de la imagen corporal y otras variables psicosociales relevantes en trastornos alimentarios en pacientes con trastorno alimentario, estudiantes de danza y estudiantes de escuelas medias. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 440 mujeres adolescentes de Buenos Aires, entre los 13 y los 18 años de edad: 50 pacientes con trastornos alimentarios, 107 estudiantes de danza y 283 estudiantes de escuelas medias. Las participantes completaron un Cuestionario sociodemográfico y de sintomatología específica de trastornos alimentarios, el Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) y el Figure Scale (FS). Resultados: Las estudiantes de danza no se diferenciaron de las estudiantes de escuelas medias en variables habitualmente asociadas con los trastornos alimentarios (insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, conducta “dietante”, actividad física intensa para bajar de peso, autoprovocación de vómitos, consumo de laxantes y amenorrea secundaria). Las pacientes fueron las que presentaron con una frecuencia significativamente superior estas características y puntajes mayores en nueve de las once subescalas del EDI-2. Conclusión: Una proporción bastante elevada de pacientes y de estudiantes de danza (respecto a las estudiantes de escuelas medias) presentó distorsión de la imagen corporal. Por lo tanto, las estudiantes de danza se asemejan más a las estudiantes de escuelas medias que a las pacientes, en diversas características asociadas con los trastornos alimentarios, exceptuando la distorsión de la imagen corporal...


Objectives: To analyze and to compare eating habits, body image perception and other relevant psychosocial variables of eating disorders in patients with these disorders, dance students and high school students. Materials and Methods: The sample included 440 female adolescents from Buenos Aires, aged between 13 and 18 years: 50 patients with eating disorders, 107 ballet students and 283 high school students. Participants completed a Sociodemographic and Specific Symptoms of Eating Disorders Questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), and the Figure Scale (FS). Results: Dance students were not different to high school students in some variables usually associated with eating disorders (body image dissatisfaction, diet behaviour, excessive exercise in order to lose weight, self-induced vomiting, laxative use, and secondary amenorrhea), whereas patients showed a significantly higher frequency of these characteristics. Patients scored significantly higher in nine of the eleven subscales of the EDI-2. Moreover, a significantly larger proportion of patients and dance students (with respect to high school students) showed body image distortion. Conclusion: Dance students are more similar to high school students than to patients in several characteristics associated with eating disorders, except for body image distortion...


Subject(s)
Body Image , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Adolescent
14.
Anu. investig. - Fac. Psicol., Univ. B. Aires ; 16: 17-24, ene.-dic. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641754

ABSTRACT

El perfeccionismo ha sido asociado a problemas clínicos y a malestar psicológico, siendo el concepto de discrepancia representativo del aspecto disfuncional del mismo. Este estudio se propone determinar los perfiles de perfeccionismo en estudiantes argentinos de Psicología y analizar la relación entre discrepancia, malestar y bienestar psicológico. 85 estudiantes de Psicología completaron una serie de instrumentos psicométricos evaluándose: perfeccionismo (Almost Perfect Scale-Revised), bienestar psicológico (Inventario de Calidad de Vida Percibida, Escala de Bienestar Psicológico) y malestar psicológico (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Formas Y-I, Y-II, Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition). Resultados: Completaron la evaluación 82 estudiantes; 44 (54%) obtienen un perfil de perfeccionismo, que se desagrega en adaptativo (N=18; 21,9%) y desadaptativo (N=26; 31,7%). La variable discrepancia se asocia significativamente a las variables estudiadas en la dirección esperada: altas correlaciones positivas (p valor ,01) con variables ligadas al malestar psicológico y negativas con variables relativas al bienestar psicológico (p valor ,01).


Perfectionism has been associated to clinical problems and psychological distress, being the concept of discrepancy representative of its maladaptive aspect. The aim of this study is to determine the perfectionism profiles of Argentine Psychology students and to analyze the relationship between discrepancy, psychological distress and psychological well-being. 85 university students of Psychology have completed several psychometric instruments evaluating: perfectionism (Almost Perfect Scale Revised), psychological well-being (Inventario de Percepción de Calidad de Vida -ICV; Escala de Bienestar Psicológico and psychological distress (State- Trait Anxiety Inventory. Forms Y-I,Y-II, Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition). Results: 82 students completed the evaluation; 44 (54%) obtain a perfectionism profile, disaggregated into adaptive (N=18 21,9%) and maladaptive (N=26; 31,7%). The variable discrepancy is significantly associated to the studied variables in the expected direction: high positive correlations (p value ,01) with variables related to psychological distress, and negative correlations with variables related to psychological well-being (p value ,01).

15.
Anu. investig. - Fac. Psicol., Univ. B. Aires ; 16: 65-72, ene.-dic. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641759

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El presente estudio se propone comparar el grado de satisfacción con la imagen corporal, así como los hábitos, conductas y actitudes hacia la alimentación de mujeres y varones de escuelas secundarias. Metodología: La muestra está conformada por 454 adolescentes, mujeres y varones, estudiantes de cuatro escuelas secundarias de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y Gran Buenos Aires, con edades entre 13 y 18 años. Los participantes completaron un Cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) y el Figure Scale (FS). Además, los sujetos fueron pesados y medidos por un médico con el fin de calcular su Índice de Masa Corporal. Resultados: Las mujeres presentan puntajes significativamente mayores en Búsqueda de delgadez, Bulimia, Insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, Ineficacia y Conciencia interoceptiva, que sus pares varones. A su vez, una proporción significativamente mayor de mujeres presenta conductas compensatorias inadecuadas con el fin de mantener o bajar de peso y se encuentran insatisfechas con su imagen corporal. Discusión: Los resultados de este estudio son consistentes con otros estudios que indican que las mujeres se diferencian de los varones en cuanto a sus actitudes alimentarias y su grado de satisfacción con su propia imagen corporal.


Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the degree of satisfaction with body image, eating habits, behaviours and attitudes in young women and men from high schools. Method: The sample included 454 adolescents, young women and men, from high schools in Buenos Aires, aged between 13 and 18 years. The subjects completed a Sociodemographic questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Figure Scale (FS). A physician measured height, weight and calculated body mass index. Results: Young women show significantly higher score in Drive for thinness, Bulimia, Body dissatisfaction, Ineffectiveness and Interoceptive awareness than the men. Also, a significantly higher proportion of young women show inadecuate behavious to try to maintain or lose weight and dissatisfaction with their body image. Discussion: The results of this study were consistent with other studies that indicate that the young women are different to the men about eating attitudes and the degree of satisfaction with body image.

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