Solid Handmade Ternary Coinage Metal Mentors for Organic Bond-Making and Bond-Breaking Applications.

A comparative approach is employed for the novel synthesis of a magnetically recoverable ternary nanocomposite consisting of g-C3N4-supported Fe3O4 decorated with coinage metals (Au, Ag, and Cu). This synthesis is achieved through a straightforward and convenient one-step grinding protocol. In situ, the nanoparticles were grown on the g-C3N4-assist Fe3O4 matrix (GCFM), and the agglomeration of these nanoparticles on the matrix creates a pathway for the formation of the nanocomposite (NC). The as-formed CNC was confirmed with the help of characterization analyses, namely XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, XPS, VSM, UV-vis, and NMR studies. Together with NPs and GCFM, with the quantum consequence, the activity of the NC shows better electron transfer via transfer of electrons, which grabs tremendous attention toward it, resulting in enhanced plausible photocatalytic degradation toward pharmaceutical compounds, dyes, and anthropogenic pollutants. The activity of the C-NC hikes at 88% for ciprofloxacin (CX) and 90% for paracetamol (PM); furthermore, the activity of the C-NC hikes at 88% and 87% for xylene Cyanol FF (XCF) and malachite green (MLG), respectively. Interestingly, an added advantage is the formation of a C-C bond (homocoupling reaction) in phenylboronic acid (PA) via a greener solvent under ambient conditions. The yield percentage of the conversion product shows satisfactory results, and its reproducibility was good for the prepared ternary NC. The conversion treatment of anthropogenic pollutants, namely 4-nitrophenol, grasps a high percentage (98%). In addition, the NC shows good activity toward both types of bacteria. The reproducibility of the composite also shows virtuous activity against pharmaceutical as well as toxic contaminants. The as-prepared CNC was specifically engineered to perform both bond formation and bond cleavage of organic molecules under ambient conditions for multiple cycles.

Hand-crafted potent hydroxyl-rich husk succoured Fe3O4 @ Cu, Mn, Ni, Co - tetra-metallic heterogenous nanocomposite as a catalytic accelerant.

An innovative means of synthesizing mechanically recoverable ternary nanocomposite (NC) comprising Fe3O4 supported on Oryza sativa husk (OSH) and ornamented with 3d tetra-metals (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) is proposed using a manual grinding method. This NC was prepared via a one-step manual method. The added advantage of this method is the non-usage of solvents during the synthesis of the NC. In situ, the NPs were grown on OSH-supported magnetite NPs, where they combined to form a matrix to facilitate the formation of the metal NPs in it. The as-crafted Oryza sativa husk-supported magnetite @ tetra-metallic nanocore hybrid (OSFTC) was confirmed via several characterisation techniques, such as XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, XPS, VSM, NMR, and UV-vis analysis. The interesting twist in this NC is that the leaching-in of metals toward the core of the NC increases the magnetic nature of the composite as evidenced by VSM analysis. The electrostatic attraction between NPs formed and the matrix plausibly results in enhanced photocatalytic degradation of pharma-waste in an efficient way. The activity of the OSFTC increases for ciprofloxacin and paracetamol by 67 and 71%. Furthermore, the hydrogenation of anthropogenic pollutants via a foreign agent yields a good conversion percentage of 92%. In addition, the noxious hexavalent chromium is converted to a trivalent cation with the help of OSFTC, indicating good conversion under ambient conditions. Herein, OSFTC also exhibited effective activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the ternary composite demonstrates consistent and commendable activity against pharmaceutical compounds and carcinogenic pollutants. The OSFTC was designed in a way to perform the cleavage of bonds for toxic materials efficiently.

Recyclable waste Dry-cell batteries derived carbon dots (CDs) for detection of Two-fold metal ions and degradation of BTB dye.

In modern era, electronic wastes are one of the major threats around us, most of them are reused with less efficiency instead of re-usage, and conversion into valuable products is highly recommended. In this work, we report an innovative approach for the synthesis of highly photoluminescent CDs from waste dry-cell batteries through one-step hydrothermal treatment for the detection and degradation of environmental pollutants. The as-prepared CDs were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), HR-TEM studies, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectrometer, FTIR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and spectrofluorometric measurements. The calculated quantum yield for synthesized CDs was around 13 %. The CDs have uniform particle size distribution, strong photoluminescent behavior, and possess high stability against various environmental conditions. Also, CDs display the selective and sensitive detection of Cr6+ and Co2+ and ions with a detection limit of around 0.11 µM and 0.10 µM respectively. The possible mechanism of CDs was also examined. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of CDs with Bromothymol Blue (BTB) dye was studied. The degradation efficiency of BTB dye can be achieved at around 84 % over 180 min under the irradiation of direct sunlight in presence of H2O2. To date, it's the first time we have recycled waste dry-cell batteries into CDs as an effective probe for the detection and decomposition of environmental pollution. Furthermore, this work provides not only an easier route to make good quality and improved photoluminescent CDs from waste material like used batteries and also paves way for the reconversion of global treating waste. Finally, the outstanding detection capability with multiple properties of as-prepared CDs provides various environmental applications like the detection of pollutants and carcinogenic polluted water treatment.

Graphene oxide functionalized with chitosan based nanoparticles as a carrier of siRNA in regulating Bcl-2 expression on Saos-2 & MG-63 cancer cells and its inflammatory response on bone marrow derived cells from mice.

Presently, quite a lot of research that are being carried out to find a potential cure for cancer and many had made to clinical trial stage as well. In the present study, we focus on use of a novel graphene oxide functionalized chitosan nanoparticle targeting Saos-2 and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The graphene oxide chitosan nanoparticles were loaded with siRNA, studied for in vitro release with varying concentration & pH, and fitted to peppas model. MTT & ROS assay was used to evaluate biocompatibility of carrier and qPCR to study the inflammatory responses in particular checking gene expression of IL-6, TGF-ß, TNF-α in both RAW 264.7 and bone marrow derived macrophages. The results of study showed that release of siRNA were in a controlled fashion and effective at acidic pH that prevails on tumor site. The material was biocompatible and effective in case of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with a viability of 0.4 ±â€¯0.43 and 0.49 ±â€¯0.53 in case of MG-63 cells when treated with highest concentration of 100 µl siRNA compared to untreated cells that were in range of 0.64 ±â€¯0.67 in Saos-2 and 0.61 ±â€¯0.63 in MG-63 cells. The results of expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TGF-ß & TNF-α showed negligible amount compared to control group serving the purpose of an effective carrier targeting tumor cells.