Factors Associated to Community Practices Toward the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia.

Background: COVID-19 still continue to spread and affects most nations globally to date. In this context, community knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19 are the most important for controlling and preventing the infectious pandemic disease. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with community practices related to COVID-19. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 residents of Sumedang District, Indonesia. Selection of the sample using stratified random sampling. KAP toward COVID-19 was measured using the WHO questionnaire which is valid and reliable. The data were analyzed using the Rasch model, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Results: This study revealed that most respondents tend to answer correctly on the sociality and disease transmission knowledge (+2.08 logit; SE 1.63), incorrectly in conceptual knowledge (logit measure -2.05; SE 0.45), tended to have a positive attitude (+1.6 logit; 0.54) and practice (+1.63 logit; SE 0.61). Based on the results of the Wright map, the most challenging statement for respondents was to use masks. Knowledge and attitude were significantly associated with the practice of COVID-19 prevention (p<0.001). Attitude is the dominant factor influencing society practice towards COVID-19 (Stand. Estimate= 0.2737; 95% CI=0.1608-0.378; p<0.001) and knowledge play an important role in improving COVID-19 prevention behaviour. Conclusion: New insight from this research shows that even attitude is the most dominant factor, yet this study also indicated that knowledge is critical for positive attitudes of society to support COVID-19 prevention practices. Since, knowledge is the basis for positive attitudes in preventing the transmission of Covid 19. Therefore, health education that explicates concepts, sociality and disease transmission is important to boost attitudes of the society in the practice of Covid 19 prevention.

Self-Efficacy in Self-Care and Its Related Factors Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Indonesia: A Rasch Analysis.

Background: Low self-efficacy (SE) can impact decreasing health status, poor self-care, and quality of life among patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Many factors can affect SE. However, studies on SE in CHD patients with Rasch Model analysis have not been carried out widely. Purpose: This study aims to identify the SE in self-care and its related factors that correlate SE among CHD patients. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with CHD. Selection of the sample using convenience sampling technique with several predetermined criteria. SE was measured using the SEQ-CHDM questionnaire, with high validity and reliability results. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model and chi-square test. Results: The results showed that most respondents had a moderate SE (51.5%). Care units (p=0.003) and duration of illness (p=0.049) were significantly correlated to SE among patients with CHD. "Maintaining an ideal body weight" is the most challenging thing. On the other hand, stop smoking is the most confident thing to be performed by the respondents. Conclusion: We conclude that CHD patients in the acute care unit and patients with a duration of illness >6 months have a lower tendency for SE. Health interventions such as raising awareness about the disease, modifying health behavior, and immediately screening can improve patients' SE. Besides that, proper diagnosis and ongoing treatment are crucial to improving SE and CHD care outcomes.

Emergency Nurses' Competency in the Emergency Department Context: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The availability of clear emergency nurses' competencies is critical for safe and effective emergency health care services. The study regarding emergency nurses' competencies remained virtually limited. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the emergency nurses' competencies in the clinical emergency department (ED) context as needed by society. Methods: This qualitative study involved focus group discussions in six groups of 54 participants from three EDs. The data were analysed using grounded theory approach including the constant comparative, interpretations, and coding procedures; initial coding, focused coding and categories. Results: This study revealed 8 core competencies of emergency nurses: Shifting the nursing practice, Caring for acute critical patients, Communicating and coordinating, Covering disaster nursing roles, Reflecting on the ethical and legal standards, Researching competency, Teaching competencies and Leadership competencies. The interconnection of the 8 core competencies has resulted in 2 concepts of extending the ED nursing practice and demanding the advanced ED nursing role. Conclusion: The finding reflected the community needs of nurses who work in ED settings and the need for competency development of emergency nurses.

Determinants of Nurse Preparedness in Disaster Management: A Cross-Sectional Study Among the Community Health Nurses in Coastal Areas.

PURPOSE: Because Indonesia has a high risk of natural disasters, nurse preparedness is necessary to reduce and prevent deaths in the aftermath of such disasters. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with nurse preparedness in disaster management among a sample of community health nurses in coastal areas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken from May to August 2020. The sample consisted of 142 nurses who worked at six Public Health Centers in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. Participants were recruited using the total sampling technique. The data were collected using the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-Square and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 142 respondents, 54.24% had a high level of preparedness. Multivariate analysis showed that nurses with higher levels of preparedness had worked between 6 and 10 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 12.755, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.653-61.314). Respondents who lacked disaster training were less likely to have a high level of disaster preparedness (AOR: 4.631, 95% CI: 1.604-13.367). Respondents who had never served as disaster volunteers were also less likely to have disaster preparedness (AOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.053-0.616). CONCLUSION: With nearly half of the respondents (45.77%) having a low level of disaster preparedness, this topic needs more attention from the government and healthcare workers. Several actions are needed to improve community nurses' disaster preparedness: providing them with routine disaster-related training, encouraging them to serve as volunteers in various disaster conditions, and offering them useful disaster-related information.

Nurses' Actions to Protect Their Families from COVID-19: A Descriptive Qualitative Study.

As health service providers, nurses are at a high risk of COVID-19 infection, as are their family members who live with them. This study aimed to explore nurses' actions to protect their families from COVID-19 in Indonesia. This qualitative descriptive study included seventeen nurses who were chosen using the snowball sampling technique. The semi structured interviews explored nurses' actions and behavior, and comparative analysis was performed to analyze the data. The study identified four themes: nurses modified their behavior and environments to protect their families, provided supplements and nutritious food, enhanced their families' knowledge and awareness of COVID-19, and protected their families from social stigma. Nurses play active roles in the health of their family members. The government should support nurses in their roles so that they can remain healthy while caring for COVID-19 patients, and not transmit COVID-19 to their own families.