ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) screening before starting immunosuppressive treatment is of vital importance in order to prevent HBV reactivation and its associated clinical consequences. Despite all recommendations by international organizations, screening rates are far below desired. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a computer alert programme 'HBVision' for increasing HBV screening rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 'HBVision' identifies patients at risk of HBV reactivation by specific ICD-10 codes and immunosuppressive medication reports and sends sequential alert messages to screen for HBsAg, anti-HBc IgG and consult a specialist if one of them is positive. The demographic variables, treatment protocols, HBV screening and consultation rates of oncology and hematology patients who started immunosuppressive treatments within one year before (control group) and after "HBVision" (study group) were retrospectively compared. RESULTS: HBsAg and anti-HBc IgG screening rates (68.6% and 13.1%, respectively) were significantly higher in the study group (n=602) compared to control group (n=815) (55% and 4.3%, respectively) (p<0.001, for both). Subgroup analysis revealed significant improvements in the screening rates of HBsAg (65.8%) and anti-HBc IgG (5.1%) in oncology patients (p<0.001), anti-HBc IgG (89.1%) in hematology patients (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The computer alert programme significantly increased HBV screening rates before starting immunosuppressive treatments, however the results were still below ideal. Additional efforts, such as modifying the computer programme according to feedbacks, are probably needed.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B virus/drug effects , Hepatitis B/blood , Hepatitis B/virology , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Virus Activation/drug effects , Hepatitis B/chemically induced , Hepatitis B/drug therapy , Hepatitis B Core Antigens/immunology , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B virus/pathogenicity , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Mass Screening/methods , Retrospective Studies , SoftwareSubject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/chemically induced , Ipilimumab/adverse effects , Melanoma/drug therapy , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/drug therapy , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/immunology , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/virology , Humans , Male , Melanoma/immunology , Melanoma/virology , Middle Aged , Nivolumab , Tenofovir/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Upper esophageal strictures occur in approximately 3-4% of patients who receive radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. The standart initial treatment is dilation by using bougie or through-the-scope balloon dilators. Endoscopic treatment requires the passage of a guidewire through the stricture which cannot be accomplished in some of the patients with complex strictures. Retrograde dilation of esophageal strictures through a mature percutaneous gastrostomy tract have been reported in a limited number of cases and small case series up to date and can be considered as a rescue treatment before considering surgery in such patients. Herein we report retrograde dilatation of a radiation-induced complex esophageal stricture through the percutaneous gastrostomy tract in a patient with operated larynx cancer.
