ABSTRACT
The medical records of six dogs treated by sub-total scapulectomy for tumours involving the scapula were reviewed. The mean age of dogs in this study was 8 years and 4 months. Clinical signs on presentation included lameness of the affected forelimb and a palpable mass over the scapular area on physical examination. Pre-operative chest and affected forelimb radiographs were taken in most cases in addition to a biopsy. Subtotal scapulectomy was performed, ensuring margins clear of neoplastic tissue of at least 2 cm, preservation of the glenoid cavity and thus retention of the scapulo-humeral joint. On histopathological examination the tumours where diagnosed as chondrosarcoma (one), haemangiosarcoma (two), anaplastic malignant neoplasia (one) and osteosarcoma (one). Limb function was found to be good in all cases postoperatively. Prognosis was related to histopathological diagnosis of the tumour, favourable with chondrosarcoma and poor with the other tumour types.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/veterinary , Chondrosarcoma/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Osteosarcoma/veterinary , Scapula , Animals , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Chondrosarcoma/pathology , Chondrosarcoma/surgery , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , Lameness, Animal/etiology , Male , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Osteosarcoma/surgery , Prognosis , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A retrospective study of anal sac tumours without pulmonary metastases, from the author's clinical records for the period July 1989 to July 2002, was conducted to establish the response to treatment with surgery and melphalan chemotherapy. Of 21 dogs with tumours of the anal sacs 19 had apocrine gland adenocarcinomas of anal sac origin, one had a benign papillary cystadenoma and another had a malignant melanoma. Two of the 19 dogs had bilateral anal sac adenocarcinomas. Ten of the 19 dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinomas of anal sac origin had sublumbar lymphadenopathy. Five dogs were excluded by their owners from recommended treatment. Fourteen dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinomas of anal sac origin were treated by surgical cytoreduction and chemotherapy with melphalan. Seven of the 14 dogs had regional lymph node metastases. Cytoreduction was by local excision of the anal sac in all 14 dogs and concurrent removal of the sublumbar retroperitoneal lymph nodes in the seven dogs with regional lymph node metastases. The median survival time of dogs with sublumbar nodal metastasis was 20 months and for dogs with tumour localised to the anal sac the median survival time was 29.3 months. There was no difference in median survival of those dogs with sublumbar metastases compared to those without. This study suggests there is a role for melphalan in the treatment of dogs with anal sac adenocarcinoma when combined with cytoreductive surgery, with treatment survival times and the local recurrence rate of the primary tumour comparing favourably with previously published treatment regimes.
Subject(s)
Anal Gland Neoplasms/epidemiology , Anal Sacs , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Adenocarcinoma/veterinary , Anal Gland Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Anal Gland Neoplasms/drug therapy , Anal Gland Neoplasms/mortality , Anal Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Anal Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Animals , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy , Cystadenoma, Papillary/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/mortality , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Female , Male , Melanoma/veterinary , Neoplasm Metastasis , Radiography , Records/veterinary , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Victoria/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Trimethoprim-sulfadiazine and gentamicin sulfate decreased early mortality in an established model of fibrinous peritonitis in the rat. Both drugs failed to prevent abscess formation, indicating that there was poor penetration of fibrin; however, they significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) bacterial numbers in residual abscesses. The colony count per abscess in the gentamicin sulfate-treated group was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that in the trimethoprim-sulfadiazine-treated group.
Subject(s)
Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Peritonitis/veterinary , Sulfadiazine/therapeutic use , Trimethoprim/therapeutic use , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Combinations/therapeutic use , Male , Peritonitis/drug therapy , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Successful management of oral tumours must achieve the dual needs of continued oral function and total destruction of often massive tumours. The most effective treatments currently available are radiation therapy and radical surgical excision involving partial mandibulectomy or maxillectomy, but the size of a tumour, its location, biological behaviour and the availability of treatment facilities will influence the mode of therapy chosen.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/therapy , Cats , Combined Modality Therapy/veterinary , Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Neoplasm MetastasisABSTRACT
Abdominal computed tomography was performed in 9 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism and in 2 healthy dogs. Both adrenal glands were identified in all dogs. Computed tomography allowed accurate identification of the sites of adrenal gland dysfunction, when interpreted in combination with a biochemical diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism. This accuracy permitted the retroperitoneal approach to be used for all adrenalectomies. Use of contrast medium (although not essential) was helpful in the computed tomographic identification of blood vessels, kidneys, and other abdominal organs.
