ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of asthma varies from one country to another due to differences in ethnicity, socio-economics status, environmental and climatic risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of current asthma in Cameroonian adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 4 cross-sectional community-based studies from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed. Participants aged 19 years and above were selected through multilevel stratified random sampling methods across 2 urban areas, 2 semi-urban areas and 1 rural area. Current asthma was defined as "wheezing in the last 12 months in a subject with self-reported asthma or having used drugs for asthma treatment". Logistic regression was used to investigate the determinants of current asthma. RESULTS: A total of 10,707 adults [median age (interquartile range)=36 (26-52) years, 44.5% of men] were definitively enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence [95% confidence interval (CI)] of current asthma was 3.9% (3.5-4.3)%. Determinants [odd's ratio (OR), (95%CI)] of current asthma were: Sudanese ethnicity [1.9(1.4-2.7)], rural area [1.5(1.1-2.1)], urban area [1.6(1.2-2.2)], past history of pneumonia [1.9(1.1-3.4)], allergic rhino-conjunctivitis [6.5(4.7-8.9)], atopic eczema [2.3(1.5-3.6)], body mass index (BMI)≥40kg/m2 [1.9(1.0-3.4)] and BMI<18kg/m2 [1.8(1.2-2.9)]. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of current asthma is close to the low value of the Sub-Saharan African range. Sudanese ethnicity, rural area, urban area, history of pneumonia, allergic disease, severe obesity and underweight were determinants of current asthma in Cameroon. More research is surely warranted to understand the mechanisms underlying the association of asthma with Sudanese ethnicity.
Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Adult , Cameroon/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiologic Factors , Female , History, 21st Century , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of residual pleural opacity (RPO) at the end and after 6 months (M12) of antituberculosis treatment (ATT) in adults with pleural tuberculosis. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, all patients admitted for pleural tuberculosis between September 2010 and August 2012 in the pneumology A unit of Yaounde Jamot Hospital were included. Each patient was then followed up for 12 months. RPO was considered significant if it was measured 10mm or more on standard chest X-ray. The logistic regression model was used to investigate the risk factors of significant RPO at the end of antituberculosis treatment. RESULTS: Of the 193 patients included, median (interquartile range) age of 33 (25-42) years, 115 (59.6%) were men. The incidence (95% CI) of significant RPO was 22.0% (14.9-29.1) and 11.0% (4.9-17.1) at the end of ATT and at M12 respectively. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors of the occurrence of a significant RPO at the end of ATT and at M12 were smoking, associated parenchymal lesions, and hypoglycopleuria. CONCLUSION: Cumulative incidence of RPO ≥ 10 mm was 22% at the end of ATT and 11% after 12 months from the beginning of treatment. Patients with risk factors of RPO ≥ 10 mm should benefit from greater surveillance and appropriate management.