ABSTRACT
The presence of diethyl-, dibutyl-, and 2-ethylhexyl phthalates in spontaneous animal tumors was determined for the first time. Small-cell breast cancer of the dog and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with the cells are particularly rich of these compounds. It is assumed that the level of phthalates in these cells is due to the activity of expression of nuclear receptors for estrogens and progesterone, as well as the peculiarities of the metabolism of xenobiotics. The accumulation of these compounds in tumor cells can increase their malignancy. The data obtained can be used for development of new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms , Phthalic Acids , Animals , Dogs , ProgesteroneABSTRACT
The endogenous esters of orthophthalic acid, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), have been first detected in bacterial pathogens of plants (Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus, Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum, Rhizobium rhizogenes, Rhizobium radiobacter) and bacterial pathogens of animal (Escherichia coli).
Subject(s)
Dibutyl Phthalate/analysis , Diethylhexyl Phthalate/analysis , Escherichia coli/chemistry , Pectobacterium/chemistry , Rhizobium/chemistryABSTRACT
This is the first study demonstrating that ortho-phthalic acid esters, dibutylphthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-o-phthalate (DEHP), inhibit the ability to form biofilms of the biotrophic pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus and Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum necrotroph. Inhibition of biofilm formation depends on the DBP and DEHP concentrations.
Subject(s)
Biofilms/drug effects , Biofilms/growth & development , Diethylhexyl Phthalate/pharmacology , Micrococcaceae/physiology , Pectobacterium carotovorum/physiologyABSTRACT
Optically active bis-2R(-)ethylhexyl o-phthalate was obtained with 0.18% yield from dry cultured cells of Aconitum baicalense Turcz ex Rapaics 1907 by extraction with petroleum ether followed by silica gel column chromatography. Its structure was confirmed by the analysis of 13C and 1H NMR spectra. Seasonal fluctuations of quantitative phthalate content in A. baicalense cells were identified. The tests were performed under conditions excluding the presence of phthalates in reagents, materials, and laboratory dishes. The same substance was shown to be produced by cultivated cells of other plants. Biosynthesis of esters of ortho-phthalic acid by cultivated plant cells was discovered for the first time.
Subject(s)
Aconitum/chemistry , Phthalic Acids/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Alkanes/chemistry , Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Cells, Cultured , Chromatography, Gel , Dibutyl Phthalate/chemistry , Dibutyl Phthalate/isolation & purification , Diterpenes , Freeze Drying , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Hexanes/chemistry , Indoles , Phthalic Acids/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Silicon Dioxide , Solvents/chemistrySubject(s)
Actinomycetales , Arabidopsis Proteins/biosynthesis , Disease Resistance , Nicotiana/metabolism , Plant Cells/metabolism , Plant Proteins/biosynthesis , Transcription Factors/biosynthesis , Transformation, Genetic , Arabidopsis/genetics , Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Plant Proteins/genetics , Nicotiana/cytology , Nicotiana/genetics , Transcription Factors/geneticsSubject(s)
Drug Resistance/genetics , Fluorides/toxicity , Nicotiana/genetics , Plant Proteins/genetics , Potassium Compounds/toxicity , Transcription Factors/genetics , Cells, Cultured , Fluorides/pharmacology , Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics , Plants, Genetically Modified , Potassium Compounds/pharmacology , Nicotiana/drug effects , Nicotiana/metabolismABSTRACT
The activity of the "conditioning factor" from the cultures of plant cells of various taxa was assayed in biotests with the tobacco and wheat cell cultures. The conditioned media of crops did not activate the growth of a diluted (400-fold) culture of tobacco cells. Conditioned media from the cultures of cells of other monocotyledonous plants, such as asparagus or spiderwort, stimulated the tobacco culture growth like those from the cultures of cells of dicotyledonous and gymnospermous plants. The growth of a diluted (2000-fold) culture of wheat cells was activated by the conditioned media from all cell cultures used in these experiments. We can propose that conditioning factors of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and gymnospermous plants do not differ from each other in the character of biological action and may have a similar chemical nature. The nil or weak activity of conditioned media from the cultures of crop cells may be related to the presence, in addition to the conditioning factors, of inhibitors of cell culture growth.
