ABSTRACT
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Depression is a debilitating complication of brucellosis and how best to treat this is a matter of debate. Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of both brucellosis and depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that celecoxib could be beneficial for the treatment of depression due to brucellosis. METHODS: Forty outpatients with depression due to brucellosis with a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score (HDRS) <19 participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and underwent 8 weeks of treatment with either celecoxib (200 mg bid) or placebo as an adjunctive to antibiotic therapy. Patients were evaluated using HDRS at baseline and weeks 4 and 8. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: Repeated-measures analysis demonstrated significant effect for time × treatment interaction on the HDRS score [F (1·43, 57·41) = 37·22, P < 0·001]. Significantly greater response to treatment occurred in the celecoxib group than in the placebo group at the study end [10 patients (50%) vs. no patient (0%), respectively, P < 0·001]. No serious adverse event was observed. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: Celecoxib is a safe and effective treatment for depression due to brucellosis when compared with placebo.
Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Brucellosis/psychology , Celecoxib/therapeutic use , Depression/drug therapy , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Brucellosis/drug therapy , Celecoxib/adverse effects , Celecoxib/pharmacology , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Depression/etiology , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Male , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
Rorschach interpretation often assumes that successive responses are not independent of one another but rather that they are part of a series of interconnected events. In this study, methods that have been used to analyze event sequence data were applied to Rorschach protocols. Results from a nonclinical group of 102 university students showed that location scores on successive responses were repeated more frequently than was predicted by chance. There was also a tendency for subjects to make transitions from larger to smaller or more detailed areas of the inkblot on successive responses. In addition, we found that subjects tended to make transitions from more adequate to less adequate use of form, and that the unusual and minus form categories tended to be repeated. A modest association between transition frequencies and individual differences in anxiety, but not between transition frequencies and depression or overall symptomatology, was demonstrated.
