ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Hydatic cyst is a parasitic disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. In the study, the aim is to evaluate the relation between serology and grow-up time in atypically localized cysts. METHODS: Retrospectively, all the patients with hydatic disease between December 2004 and May 2012 were screened from the hospital database. Hydatic cyst localization other than the liver and lungs were accepted as atypical localization. RESULTS: There were 325 patients with a diagnosis of hydatic disease. Most common localizations of the cysts were the liver (72.8%) and lungs (21%). Atypically localized cyst rate was 6.4% (n: 21). The most common atypical localization was the spleen (2.4%). 80.9% of atypically localized cysts were primary cases. In 3 cases with primary intramuscular hydatic cyst and 2 cases with primary subcutaneous hydatic cysts, serology was negative. CONCLUSION: The relation between the hydatid cyst and the host is the main factor in serological tests and grow-up time. In tissues with a weaker cellular immunity like muscle and subcutaneous tissue, serology tends to be negative and grow-up time to be faster. In atypically localized cysts,hematogenous dissemination cannot explain the pathogenesis fully. Therefore, lymphatic dissemination should be kept in mind.
Subject(s)
Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/parasitology , Echinococcus granulosus/growth & development , Echinococcus granulosus/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Echinococcosis/epidemiology , Female , Hemagglutination Tests , Humans , Liver/parasitology , Lung/parasitology , Male , Middle Aged , Muscles/parasitology , Retrospective Studies , Spleen/parasitology , Subcutaneous Tissue/parasitology , Turkey/epidemiologyABSTRACT
This is a review of ectopic localizations of the parathyroid gland in one case. A hard mobile mass (2 x 2.5 cm) was detected on the right side of the neck of a patient who had previously been given a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. Computed tomography showed an adenoma (25 x 35 mm) in the paratracheal region on the right side of the neck. Scintigraphy revealed an activity increase on the right side of the neck and in the left axillary region. Blood measurements were as follows: Ca, 12.7 mEq/l; parathyroid hormone (PTH), 235 U/l; and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 776 U/l. The patient was operated on to remove the lesions located in the cervical and left axillary regions. Histopathological examination revealed that the lesion in the right cervical region was a parathyroid adenoma, whereas the lesion in the left axillary region was normal parathyroid gland tissue. Parathyroid glands may indicate ectopic locations in very different regions. We think the case presented here is the first case with this axillary location. Scintigraphy, alone or combined with other methods, may be used to determine ectopic localizations.
