ABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Middle cerebral artery (MCA), which has the largest irrigation area of the arteries that feed the brain, is an important artery whose microanatomy should be well known because of its vascular variation. In pathologies which are known to affect the cerebrovascular system such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, morphometric characteristics of MCA gain importance. The aim of this study is to compare the morphometric characteristics of M1 segment of MCA in T2DM and hypertensive patients with those of healthy control group by using computed tomographic angiography (CTA). The study was carried out with retrospective morphometric analysis of CTA images of 200 individuals between 40 and 65 years of age. The individuals were grouped in four as hypertensive patients (group 1), patients with T2DM (group 2), patients with hypertension and T2DM (group 3) and healthy control group (group 4). Length and diameter measurements of M1 segment were performed and recorded by using 3D CTA images. While statistically significant difference was found between bilateral M1 segment diameters of both women and men (p0.05). As a result of the post hoc analysis performed, it was concluded that right and left M1 segment diameter of group 1, group 2 and group 3 was found to be different from group 4 in both sexes (p<0.05). We believe that this study will both be a guide in radio-anatomic assessments to be performed and also increase microanatomic level of information in the surgical treatment of the artery by showing the morphometric changes that occur in M1 segment of MCA in T2DM diseases.
La arteria cerebral media (ACM), que otorga la mayor área de irrigación de las arterias que alimentan el cerebro, es un vaso importante cuya microanatomía debe ser bien conocida por su variación vascular. En patologías que afectan al sistema cerebrovascular, como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y la hipertensión, las características morfométricas de la ACM cobran importancia. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las características morfométricas del segmento M1 de la ACM en pacientes con DM2 e hipertensos con las del grupo control sano mediante el uso de angiografía por tomografía computada (TC). El estudio fue realizado através de análisis morfométrico retrospectivo de imágenes de TC de 200 individuos entre 40 y 65 años de edad. Los individuos fueron divididos en cuatro grupos, como pacientes hipertensos (grupo 1), pacientes con DM2 (grupo 2), pacientes con hipertensión y DM2 (grupo 3) y grupo control sano (grupo 4). Las mediciones de longitud y diámetro del segmento M1 se realizaron y registraron utilizando imágenes 3D TC. Si bien se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diámetros bilaterales de los segmentos M1 de mujeres y hombres (p0,05). Como resultado del análisis post hoc realizado, se concluyó que el diámetro de los segmentos M1 derecho e izquierdo del grupo 1, grupo 2 y grupo 3 fue diferente del grupo 4 en ambos sexos (p<0.05). Creemos que este estudio será una guía en las evaluaciones anátomo-radiológicas y también mejorará el nivel de información microanatómica en el tratamiento quirúrgico al mostrar los cambios morfométricos que ocurren en el segmento M1 de la ACM en las enfermedades con DM2.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Computed Tomography Angiography , HypertensionABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the maximum diameters of the pulmonary artery and ascending aorta and their ratio to each other to enable early diagnosis and treatment of possible pulmonary hypertension and to prevent possible complications in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 120 patients aged 40 years and older, 60 patients (30 females and 30 males) with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and 60 individuals (30 females and 30 males), were included in this retrospective study. Maximum pulmonary artery and maximum ascending aorta diameters were measured at the level of bifurcatio trunci pulmonalis in the transverse axial plane by computed tomography, and their ratios to each other were determined. RESULTS: Our study revealed a statistically significant increase in maximum pulmonary artery and maximum ascending aorta diameters in both genders in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 compared to the control group and a statistically significant increase was found in the maximum pulmonary artery-maximum ascending aorta ratio in women with coronavirus disease 2019 compared to the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Knowing the diameters of maximum pulmonary artery and maximum ascending aorta and the maximum pulmonary artery-maximum ascending aorta ratio in hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-infected patients is a valuable predictive marker of pulmonary hypertension and a guide in determining the appropriate treatment. These data, which are easy to calculate from thorax computed tomography, may be beneficial in the prognosis of the disease.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the morphological features of A.carotis interna (ICA) and symptoms affecting cerebral blood circulation including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, retrospective morphometric analysis of ICA measurements from 100 patients (45-60 years old) was performed on Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) images. The images were divided into four groups: patients with HT (group 1), patients with T2DM (group 2), patients with HT and T2DM (group 3), and healthy control group (group 4). Length and diameter measurements of the cervical, petrous, cavernous and terminal segments of the ICA were made by using 3D CTA images and recorded. The measurements of the male and female patients were compared by Mann Whitney-U test and the the groups were compared by using Kruskall Wallis H test. RESULTS: It was found that, there were statistically significant differences between male and female patients in terms of right and left petrous, cavernous and terminal segments of the ICA in Group 1, right and left cervical left cavernous in Group 3, left cervical, right and left petrous, cavernous and right cavernous in Group 4 (p 0.05). According to the Kruskall Wallis H test analysis results, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the patients in 4 groups for all segment measurements (p 0.05). CONCLUSION: As a result; It was determined that ICA was more affected by hypertension than diabetes. In addition, we think that being knowledgeable of morphometric measurements of ICA will guide the radio-anatomical evaluations and increase the level of microanatomical knowledge in surgical treatment.
