[The working conditions at animal farm complexes of workers with occupational brucellosis].

According to sanitary-and-hygienic characteristics of working conditions, cards certification of working conditions at workplaces, cards of epizootologo-epidemiological inspection of the zoonotic disease' centres and medical records of outpatient working conditions of 134 workers of cattle-breeding complexes of Omsk region, professional brucellosis' patients are studied. Harmful factors of working conditions' workers of cattle-breeding complexes are the biological factor, weight and intensity of labour process (a 3.2-3.3 class), factors increasing risk of occurrence professional brucellosis were absence of preliminary at receipt for work and/or irregularity periodic physical examinations, infringements of sanitary-and-epidemiologic mode, lack of awareness of workers about the possibility of brucellosis' contamination in the workplace.

[Cardiovascular risk factors in the main professional groups in a machine-building plant].

The subjects of the study were members of the main professional groups in a machine-building plant, who had long been exposed to a complex of low-intensive harmful industrial factors, not exceeding maximum allowable concentrations and levels (vibration, noise, organic solvents, neuroemotional and physical tension). The study revealed a significantly higher incidence of arterial hypertension in the members of the main professional groups and its dependence on industrial and non-industrial risk factors.

Effect of allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells on structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of albino rats in posttraumatic period.

Comparative study of the structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of adult albino rats after intracerebral allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and intravenous injection of umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells at different terms after diffuse-focal cerebral trauma revealed the best cerebroprotective effect on day 7 of posttraumatic period in animals receiving embryonic nervous tissue.

Effect of transplantation of embryonic nervous tissue on reorganization of interneuronal relationships after mechanical damage to sensorimotor cortex.

The effect of implanted embryonic nervous tissue on restoration of axonal connections in the cerebral cortex after mechanical injury was studied on albino rats using fluorescent lipophilic probe DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate) and confocal laser scanning microscope. Implantation of embryonic tissue to damaged area promotes the growth of axons through the transplant to adjacent tissue. The damaged area is impenetrable for axons growing without implantation.

[A comparison of the convulsive readiness of the brain, of long-term memory and of learning capacity and their structural equivalents in the postresuscitation period]. / Sopostavlenie urovnia sudorozhnoi gotovnosti mozga, dolgovremennoi pamiati, sposobnosti k obucheniiu i ikh strukturnye ékvivalenty v postreanimatsionnom periode.

Clinical death of asphyxia was modelled in white rat experiments. After resuscitation passive avoidance tests were made to assess audiogenic convulsive readiness of the brain, the ability to learn and long-term memory. The experiments were made for 66 days. Light and electron microscopy studied cyto- and synaptoarchitectonics of the cerebrum sensomotor cortex. Deterioration of learning ability, enhancement of convulsive readiness of the brain and long-term memory were found. Changes in the long-term memory and convulsive readiness of the brain correlate with an increase in the number of large synaptic contacts.

[The long-term memory and learning capacity of rats with high brain seizure activity after an embryonic nerve tissue allograft]. / Dolgovremennaia pamiat' i sposobnost' k obucheniiu krys s vysokoi sudorozhnoi aktivnost'iu mozga pri allotransplantatsii émbrional'noi nervnoi tkani.

Fragments of the embryonic hippocampus, septum, cerebellum and substantia nigra were grafted into the lesioned brain areas of 151 animals with phenotypical (bilateral destruction of the CA1 and CA4 hippocampal areas or the basolateral amygdalar regions in Wistar rats) and genotypic (in Krushinskii-Molodkina strain) high seizure readiness. The parameters of long-term memory were improved after embryonic septal and cerebellar graftings, normalized after embryonic hippocampal graftings and were not improved after embryonic nigral graftings in both strains. Learning ability of the animals of both the strains with ceased audiogenic seizures was kept at the control level after the transplantation of embryonic tissue from the different brain areas. In animals with continued seizures the learning ability normalized after the septal graftings.

[Threshold of sensitivity to epileptiform stimulus in intracerebral allotransplantation of embryonal nerve tissue of varying ergetics]. / Porog chuvstvitel'nosti k épileptiformnomu razdrazhiteliu pri vnutrimozgovoi allotransplantatsii émbrional'noi nervnoi tkani razlichnoi ergichnosti.

Effect of intracerebral allotransplantation of neocortex, hippocampus, septum, cerebellum, substantia nigra embryonic nerve tissue have been studied in white non-inbred, Wistar and Krushinski-Molodkina rats with phenotypically (portal destruction of hippocampus, gyrus serratus, corpus amygdaloideum and cerebral hypoxia) and genotypically conditioned by the low threshold of convulsive cerebral activity (TCCA). In focal cerebral affection transplants with monoergic neurones increase TCCA, while polyergic neurones of embryonic neocortex increase TCCA in diffuse cerebral affection. Phenotypically conditioned low TCCA increases in 4-6 days after transplantation and genotypically one--in 39-44 days because of the more complicated mechanisms of cerebral epileptization.

[The dynamics of phenotypically and genotypically determined high brain seizure activity in the intracerebral allografting of embryonic nerve tissue]. / Dinamika fenotipicheski i genotipicheski obuslovlennoi vysokoi sudorozhnoi aktivnosti mozga pri vnutrimozgovoi allotransplantatsii émbrional'noi nervnoi tkani.

Experiments were made on rats of two lines during 120-140 days. A study was made of the effect of transplanting the embryonal hippocamp tissue and the septum (E 18) on the phenotypically (mechanical destruction in Wistar rats of the areas CA1 and CA4 of the fields of the hippocamp and dentate gyrus) and genotypically (Krushinskii-Molodkina rats, all responding to graded acoustic stimulations (86 dB) by audiogenic convulsive fits) determined high convulsive activity of the brain. It has been shown that from days 4-6, in 19 out of 23 Wistar rats, the transplantation was followed by a steady increase of the threshold of convulsive activity. As to the threshold of convulsive activity in K-M rats, it was affected by the transplantation to a slightly less measure. Out of 17 K-M rats, 9 stopped reacting to acoustic stimulations by audiogenic convulsive fits from days 39-44. In 5 more animals, convulsive fits failed to occur after every acoustic stimulation, the duration of the clonic and tonic phases of convulsive fit and the duration of the post-paroxysmal motor excitation declined.

[Morphological and immunological comparisons in epilepsy]. / Morfologicheskie i immunologicheskie sopostavleniia pri épilepsii.

Morphological and immunological assays were employed to examine 18 epileptic patients and 40 Krushinskii-Molodkina rats undergoing subconvulsive and convulsive acoustic stimulations. After multiple audiogenic epileptiform convulsive fits the epileptogenic areas of the brain of epileptic patients (biopsy material) and the neocortex of the sensorimotor area, amygdaloid complex and hippocampus of rats manifested vascular alterations in the form of chronic or subacute vasculitis. The changes revealed in the ratio of B and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the epileptic patients in combination with pronounced stimulation of cellular and humoral immunity responses to antigens of homologous and autologous brain extracts, more well-defined in marked inflammatory process, may attest to the immune genesis of endo- and perivasculitis.

[Synaptic architectonics of the molecular layer of the cerebral cortex of rats with audiogenic epileptiform seizures during regulation of the convulsive readiness of the brain]. / Sinaptoarkhitektonika molekuliarnogo sloia kory bol'shogo mozga krys pri audiogennykh épileptiformnykh pripadkakh na fone reguliatsii urovnia sudororozhnoi gotovnosti mozga.

Using electron microscopy and morphometry it has been demonstrated in Krushinsky-Molodkina rats that brain convulsive preparedness (BCP) in audiogenic irritations is determined in many respects by the status of the plastic mechanisms of spines in axospine synapses. For the determination of the BCP threshold of essential importance is the magnitude of the free surface of a spine (FSS) on which there depend the size and shape of the spine cervix and the magnitude of the ratio of the FSS to the size of the active area of the contact (ACC). As the BCP is dramatically raised by means of sensitization with brain extract antigens, the AAC noticeably increases, and the FSS/AAC is reduced. Marked lowering of the BCP due to the use of cyclophosphamide is accompanied by the minimum size of the FSS and the minimum FSS/AAC ratio (spine hypoplasia).

[Synaptic structure of human cerebral cortex in chronic hypoxia and epileptic changes in the brain]. / Sinaptoarkhitektonika kory i bol'shogo mozga cheloveka pri khronicheskoi gipoksii i épileptizatsii mozga.

Comparative quantitative analysis of the synaptic pool of the neuropil in the molecular layer at the temporal epilepsy and cerebral chronic hypoxia (brain tumor, that is not accompanied with a convulsive syndrome) has been performed using biopsy material. As a control the brain of practically healthy persons, who died a sudden death, has been used. The contrasting method of the phosphoric tungsten acid alcohol solution and OsO4 has been applied. An essential complication in the cerebral cortex synaptic structure in the zone with a regular epileptic activity, as well as preservation of quantitative density of synapses near to the control level at epilepsy have been revealed. At the chronic hypoxia simplification in organization of interneuronal connections at the level of synapses and reduction in the quantitative density of synapses have been noted. The complication of the cerebral cortex synaptic structure and epileptic changes++ of the brain is considered as an increase in the neuropil informativity, contributing to keeping a long-term memory about the character of epileptic manifestations.

[Characteristics of synaptic structures of human brain in epilepsy and epileptic syndrome ]. / Osobennosti sinaptoarkhitektoniki konechnogo mozga cheloveka pri épilepsii i épilepticheskom sindrome.

The synaptoarchitectonics of different structural formations (cortex, hippocampus, amygdaloid complex) were assayed in 3 patients with epilepsia and 2 patients with associated temporal lobe glioma and epileptic syndrome using a selective technique of staining synapses with phosphotungstic acid and their morphometric study. It has been established that in the mechanism of brain epileptization, of paramount importance is the formation of new immature contacts, hypertrophy of functionally active synapses followed by their splitting and complication of the synaptic arrangement by the convergent and divergent type in the presence of derangement and death of a part of synapses. This is characteristic to a greater measure of the cortex from the area marked by regular epileptic activity and to a less measure of the hippocampus and amygdaloid complex.

[Paramembraneous microfilamentous structures of the synapses of rat cerebral cortex during sensitization by brain antigens]. / Paramembrannye mikrofilamentoznye struktury sinapsov kory bol'shogo mozga krys pri sensibilizatsii antigenami mozga.

On the material contrasted by phosphotungstic acid the state of paramembranes microfilament structures of interneuronal contacts of molecular layer of sensomotor field cortex of rat brain of Krushynsky-Molodkina line during sensitization by homologous brain antigens was studied. Sharp reduction of general density of synapses and symmetric contacts because of damaging of paramembranes microfilament structures of cerebral cortex synapses and reduction of new contacts was proved that plays an essential role in changing of brain integrating activity during different pathological processes connected with autoimmune mechanism of neuronal tissue damaging.

[Reorganization of the synaptic architectonics of the cerebral cortex in antigenic sensitization of the brain and in convulsive paroxysms]. / Reorganizatsiia sinaptoarkhitektoniki kory bol'shogo mozga pri sensibilizatsii antigenami mozga i sudorozhnykh paroksizmakh.

In Krushinskii-Molodkina rats sensibilized for 5 days with brain extract antigens (BEA) and/or subjected to repetitive seizures (S), the synaptic architectonics of the molecular layer was studied in the sensorimotor cortex preparations treated with phosphotungstic acid. Unlike the S effect, BEA-sensibilization and BEA+S action sharply reduced the number of interneuronal contacts, especially the symmetric ones, and the structure relations of the subsynaptic units system with the surrounding cytoskeleton with decrease in the number of very small, small and medium-size synapses. In any effects the major compensatory mechanism was the hypertrophy and splitting of the interneuronal contacts. Only S action resulted in the compensatory enhancement of the new synapses formation. Possible mechanisms of the "immune" lesion of the interneuronal contacts are discussed.

[Structural and functional reorganization of the interneuronal contacts of the cerebral cortex after a single convulsive paroxysm]. / Strukturno-funktsional'naia perestroika mezhneironnykh kontaktov kory bol'shogo mozga posle odnokratnogo sudorozhnogo paroksizma.

Using the technique of contrasting the cerebral tissue with phosphotungstic acid, the authors studied the structural and functional status of interneuronal contacts of the molecular layer of the sensomotor cortex in the brain of Krushinsky-Molodkina rats following convulsive sound stimulation and the subsequent audiogenic convulsive paroxysm. Marked reduction in the general number of synapses 4 h after the attack was attended by transformation of some flat functionally mature contacts into concave ones, which reflects the activation of the synaptic pool. The relative levels of concave and flat mature contacts returned to the initial level 8 to 24 h later.

[Clinico-immunologic correlations in epilepsy]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie korreliatsii pri épilepsii.

In 51 epileptic patients with frequent attacks, the clinical manifestations were correlated with some parameters of immune responsiveness. The authors determined the content of plasma globulins of the main classes, cerebral antibodies, T and B lymphocytes, the rate of the inhibition of the leukocyte migration with respect to the cerebral antigen. Epilepsy was shown to run its course in the presence of immune responsiveness depression. A certain relationship existed between the duration of the disease, the endogenic factors, the nature of fits and some immunologic indices. With the development of the disease, the initial deficiency of the B lymphocyte immunity was coupled with the progressive dysfunction of the T lymphocyte immunity.