ABSTRACT
Thiol-disulfide couple maintains an intracellular redox status. Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis acts crucial parts in metabolic processes involving signal mechanisms, inflammation, antioxidant defense. Thiol-disulfide homeostasis have been implicated in numerous diseases. In this comprehensive review we identified the studies that examined the thiol-disulfide homeostasis in psychiatric disorders. Most cases demonstrated alterations in thiol-disulfide homeostasis and in most of them the thiol-disulfide balance tended to change direction to the disulfide side, that is, to the oxidative side. Currently, the fact that N-acetylcysteine, a thiol-containing compound, is of great interest as a new treatment approach in psychiatric disorders and the role of glutathione, the most abundant thiol, in the brain highlights the importance of evaluating the thiol-disulfide balance in psychiatric disorders.
Subject(s)
Mental Disorders , Sulfhydryl Compounds , Humans , Sulfhydryl Compounds/metabolism , Disulfides/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Homeostasis , Biomarkers/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate proline metabolism in patients affected by COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study consisted of 116 patients with COVID-19 and 46 healthy individuals. Tests related to proline metabolism (prolidase, proline, hydroxyproline, glutamic acid, manganese) and copper and zinc tests were analyzed. RESULTS: The levels of proline and hydroxyproline amino acids and the prolidase enzyme were found to be lower and glutamic acid was found to be higher in the COVID-19 group compared to the healthy group (Pâ =â .012, Pâ < .001, Pâ < .001, and Pâ < .001, respectively). The copper/zinc ratio was higher in patients with COVID-19 than in healthy individuals (Pâ < .001). Significant correlations were found between proline metabolism tests and inflammatory and hemostatic markers commonly used in COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The proline metabolic pathway was affected in COVID-19. Relationships between proline pathway-related tests and inflammatory/hemostatic markers supported the roles of proline metabolism in proinflammatory and immune response processes.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Hemostatics , Case-Control Studies , Copper , Dipeptidases , Glutamates , Humans , Hydroxyproline , Proline/chemistry , Proline/metabolism , ZincABSTRACT
Background/aim: Thiol status is a good reflector of the cellular redox and have vital roles in various cellular signaling pathways. The purpose of the study was to investigate thiol status in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods: A total of 587 subjects (517 patients/70 healthy controls) were enrolled in the study.The patients were categorized into the groups regarding to the severity of disease (mild, moderate, severe, and critical).Thiol status of all groups were compared. Results: The patients had significantly diminished thiol levels compared to controls. Thiol levels were gradually decreased as the severity of the disease increased. Logistic regression analyses identified that thiol concentrations were an independent risk factor for the disease severity in each phase (mild group OR 0.975, 95%CI 0.965-0.986; moderate group, OR 0.964, 95%CI 0.953-0.976; severe group OR 0.953, 95%CI 0.941-0.965; critical group OR 0.947, 95%CI 0.935-0.960).Thiol test exhibited the largest area under the curve at 0.949, with the highest sensitivity (98.6%) and specificity (80.4%). Conclusions: Depleted thiol status was observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Decline of the thiol levels by degrees while the severity of infection increased was closely related to the progression of the disease. This outcome highlights that thiols could be an impressible biomarker for predicting of the severity of COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , Sulfhydryl Compounds/metabolism , Aged , Biomarkers/blood , COVID-19/blood , COVID-19/epidemiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
AIM: The objective of this study was to examine the thiol-disulfide profile tests in patients suffering from burn injuries. METHODS: This case-control study comprised 48 patients with thermal burn injuries and 61 healthy individuals. Thiol-disulfide tests were conducted in both groups, and also, the changes of thiol-disulfide parameters were analyzed at zero time and on days 3, 7, 15, and 30 of the admission in patients with burn injuries. RESULTS: The patients had significantly decreased native and total thiol levels and native thiol/total thiol ratios, and significantly increased disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol ratios compared to control individuals (p<0.001 for all). The variations of native thiol levels, total thiol levels, and disulfide/native thiol ratios were significantly different over time in patients with burn injuries (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively). There were strong associations with the clinical parameters and thiol-disulfide profile tests (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: There was a metabolic disturbance of the thiol-disulfide system among patients with burn injuries. The courses of thiol-disulfide variables in time overlapped with the burn mechanism. Strong associations provide that thiol-disulfide homeostasis might be a notable key for evaluating the severity of burns and predicting the survival.
