Idiopathic bilateral central giant cell reparative granuloma of jaws: a case report and literature review.

OBJECTIVES: The central giant-cell reparative granuloma has been defined as a localized benign but sometimes aggressive osteolytic proliferation consisting of fibrous tissue with hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposits, presence of osteoclast-like giant cells and reactive bone formation. It is a benign lesion usually appears as solitary, multilocular, radiolucencies, located in the mandible and maxilla. Multiple CGCRGs of the jaw bones is very rare and, if it occurs, it is usually associated with hyperparathyroidism in majority of the cases .This report presents an unusual case of a 12-year-old girl who has idiopathic, bilateral giant cell granulomas of the angulus mandible. METHODS: A 12 year-old girl was admitted to our department with complain of swelling on both right and left side of her lower jaw. There was no history of trauma, dental problem or neck infection. Blood chemistry, including calcium, alkaline phosphatase and inorganic phosphorus was normal. Patient had not family history, clinical appearance like cherubism or noonan syndrome and systemic anomalies. MRI showed, in right ramus mandible, 37 x mm x 35 mm x 28 mm size mass and in lenf ramus mandible, an expansile, 30 mm 38 mm x 12 mm size mass. The patient underwent surgical curettage of the lesion through an intraoral approach under general anesthesia. RESULT: The histopathologic examination of the lesion was reported as 'giant cell reparative granuloma. CONCLUSION: Our patient had multiple CGCRG in her jaw. In literature there is several reports about multiple CGCRG but unlike of that report our patient had no syndromes like Cherubism, Noonan syndrome, neurofibromatosis type-1 and systemic disease like hyperparathyroidism ,fibrous dysplasia. So we define this case as Idiopathic bilaterally central giant cell reparative granuloma of jaw.

Noninvasive evaluation of lower urinary tract function in children with cerebral palsy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was noninvasive evaluation of voiding function in children with cerebral palsy. DESIGN: Sixty children with cerebral palsy were enrolled in the study. Urinary system symptoms were recorded. Uroflowmetric tests were carried out, and postvoid residual volume was measured immediately after voiding by using a portable ultrasonic device developed for children. The expected age-related bladder capacity was calculated and compared with the observed bladder capacity. Uroflowmetric curves were evaluated and classified as normal (bell-shaped) and abnormal. RESULTS: Thirty-three of the children (55%) were symptomatic. In 17 (28.3%) of the children, postvoid residual urine was observed. There was a statistically significant difference between the expected bladder capacity (271.6 +/- 38.3 ml) and the observed bladder capacity (154.5 +/- 111.8 ml) (P < 0.001). Observed bladder capacity was lower than the expected bladder capacity in 56 (93.3%) of the children. In the evaluation of the uroflowmetric charts, 22 (36.7%) children had abnormal curves. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder capacity is decreased in most children with cerebral palsy, and postvoid residue is present in an important proportion. Uroflowmetry and portable ultrasonic device combination is a noninvasive, well-tolerated, and efficient method in the first line evaluation of lower urinary tract function in children with cerebral palsy.