A case report on autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Robinow syndrome or "foetal face" syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder with characteristic skeletal and orofacial findings. The purpose of the present case report is to describe the clinical findings of an 8 year-old female patient with autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome. CASE REPORT: The patient was born to consanguineous parents and had anomalies typical of the recessive type of the syndrome such as short stature, mesomelic limb shortening, vertebral anomalies and dysmorphic facial features. Besides typical orodental findings, she also had root malformation in mandibular incisors, which is unusual finding of recessive type of Robinow syndrome. This case report emphasizes the importance of oral and dental manifestations of this syndrome.

The efficacy of bronchodilatators on respiratory functions undergoing dental treatment in asthmatic children.

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dental treatments on respiratory functions in moderate asthmatic children in comparison to healthy controls as well as to determine the need for bronchodilatator treatment before dental procedures. METHODS: Twenty-six children with moderate asthma aged between 7-14 years who had peak expiratory flowmeter (PEF) values above 80% were selected for the study group. Control group consisted of 28 healthy children of the same age group. Before dental procedures, patients' dental anxiety levels were scored with Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale. The asthmatic group had their dental treatments in 2 sessions. At the first appointment, they were treated without administering a bronchodilatator therapy. After 2 weeks, at the second appointment the children administered bronchodilatator therapy before their dental treatments. PEF values were recorded in both asthmatic groups and in control group prior to, just after and 30 min after dental therapy. RESULTS: PEF values in asthmatic patients recorded just after dental treatment were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). When we compared the asthmatic groups who received and who did not receive bronchodilatator treatment, a statistically significant difference was found between PEF values before, just after and 30 min after dental treatment in who didn't receive bronchodilatator treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of bronchodilatator treatment as a premedication before dental procedures may be useful in asthmatic patients.

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: three case reports.

Three cases of peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) with histopathological and long-term evaluations are presented. In all the cases that were all female and ages ranged between 5.5 to- 12 years, after complete surgical excision of the lesion no recurrence was detected during a follow-up period of 2 to 4 years. Although etiological factors could not be determined exactly, low socioeconomic status of the patients and unfavorable oral hygiene seemed to be the predisposing factors.

A comparative study of fluoride uptake from dentin bonding agents and glass-ionomer cements in permanent and primary tooth enamel.

OBJECTIVE: Many fluoride-releasing dental materials are being sold on the basis of their cariostatic properties. However, the amount of fluoride release of these materials is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of fluoride uptake in primary and permanent tooth enamel from 1 conventional glass-ionomer cement (Fuji II), 1 resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Fuji II LC), and 2 fluoride-releasing dentin bonding agents (Liner Bond 2 and Optibond) in vitro. METHOD AND MATERIALS: One hundred sixty caries-free primary and permanent molar teeth were assigned to the study. Materials were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions to standard windows created on the enamel surfaces. The amount of fluoride uptake by enamel was investigated by using a specific fluoride electrode and acid-etching biopsy technique. RESULTS: The amount of fluoride taken up from Fuji II and Fuji II LC by permanent and primary tooth enamel was found to be statistically significant. However, no significant fluoride uptake from Optibond and Liner Bond 2 was found. CONCLUSION: Fuji II and Fuji II LC glass-ionomer materials seemed to provide more effective fluoride release than did Optibond and Liner Bond 2 in permanent and primary enamel.

In vivo assessment of dental plaque pH changes in children after ingestion of snack foods.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of some snack foods on plaque pH in children. In vivo dental plaque pH changes after consumption of cola, diet cola, milk, sweet biscuits, milk chocolate, banana, cheddar cheese, potato chips, boiled potato, bread and positive control of 10 percent sucrose solution were measured by using MEPH 2 pH-microelectrode. Six males and four females, ages eight to twelve years (dft: 1.3 and DMFT: 0.4) participated in this study. The measurements of plaque pH were made on forty-eight-hour accumulated plaque, at baseline to determine the resting plaque pH of the fasted plaque and at time intervals of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The plaque pH curves, delta pH values and time spent below pH 6.00 for each test product were determined. The test products were ranked according to maximum pH drop (delta pH) in ascending order as follows: cheddar cheese < diet cola < milk < banana < potato < potato chips < biscuits < cola < bread < milk chocolate < 10 percent sucrose solution.

Dental caries prevalence, dietary habits, tooth-brushing, and mother's education in 500 urban Turkish children.

500 children with ages ranging between 2 and 13 years and their families joined the study. A detailed questionnaire and a 3-day food intake diary were evaluated to find the relationship between dental caries and dietary habits. It is concluded that the prevalence of caries increases by frequent and high sugar consumption. With lower age and lower caries experience followed a more balanced diet. There was an inverse relationship between caries prevalence and the mothers' educational level. The percentage of children who never or irregularly brushed their teeth was highest in the caries active group.

Fluoride uptake by enamel in vitro following application of various topical fluoride preparations.

Two conventional topical fluoride preparations; APF and neutral 2% NaF gel and two fluoride varnishes; Duraphat and Fluor Protector, were applied to 60 permanent and 20 primary teeth. The teeth were halved to provide test and control groups, and the fluoride uptake was measured using a micro acid etch technique, after 30 seconds and 60 seconds etching periods. All topical fluoride preparations in our study caused some fluoride uptake in permanent and primary tooth enamel compared to the control groups. Duraphat and APF were found to be more effective than the other agents.

Papillon Lefevre syndrome: treatment of two cases with a clinical microbiological and histopathological investigation.

Papillon Lefevre syndrome is presented in the cases of two female patients of the ages of 7 and 9, who exhibited all typical symptoms of the disease. Microbiological and histopathological studies were done and treatment provided. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which is suspected as a pathogenic factor in the disease was identified as well as some other gram negative microorganisms and an antibiogram was performed in which amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid was most effective. Histopathological investigation also confirmed the presence of gram negative bacteria. Granular cell infiltration was predominant in the surface epithelium. Prosthetic appliances were provided for the patients after mechanical and chemical plaque control. In addition to this, antibiotics (amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid) were prescribed every six months. No tooth loss was observed in both patients after more than two years follow-up period. At the moment only one patient is under review and because she is uncooperative, mild periodontal inflammation is still present around the teeth which erupted before the antibiotic regime, but not in the other teeth.

A comparative study of some influencing factors of rampant or nursing caries in preschool children.

In this study, nutritional, socioeconomic and family characteristics of 71 children with rampant or nursing caries and 224 age-matched controls were studied on the basis of a questionnaire and a 3-day food intake diary completed by the parents. Oral examination was done and their weight and height measured. Most of the children with rampant or nursing caries had an unbalanced diet with high sugar content, while in the control group, most of the children had a balanced diet with a normal sugar content and regular brushing habits in comparison with the rampant caries group. Chi-square analysis, which was performed for balanced diet, sugar consumption and tooth brushing habits for both groups showed that there were highly significant differences. The rampant caries group was mostly from small families of middle and high socioeconomic groups. Infant feeding patterns of the children with rampant caries showed that most of them were breast-fed for less than 6 months or longer then 12 months. Their meals were usually sweetened in infancy and were given by nursing bottle and some had the habit of sucking a comforter dipped in honey or jam.

[Follow-up investigation of the effect of Ca(OH)2 on the teeth with necrotic pulps and immature root development and surrounding periodontal tissues]. / Ca(OH)2 in travma sonucu nekroze olmus ve kök gelisimi tamamlanmanis genç sürekli disler ve çevre yumusak dokular üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi.

In this study Ca(OH)2 + distilled water was applied to the traumatized necrotic incisor teeth with immature root development. After necessary mechanical and chemical root canal disinfection the paste was applied to 13 teeth of 9 patients. Periodontologic problems in vestibule gingiva of the teeth prior to the treatment doubted if the primary lesion was the necrotic pulp or periodontal infection. After control periods (6 weeks, 3 months, 6,9,12,18,24 months) the cases were evaluated roentgenographically whether the apical closure was obtained. After observation of calcified tissue in the apex the canals were filled with sectioned warm gutta percha with vertical condensation. All the cases were successful except one and after treatment restorations were performed. In case all the patients experienced periodontologic problems from the teeth prior to treatment, after endodontic treatments and application of Ca(OH)2 to the canal, healing of periodontal tissues were also observed. This finding shows the importance of differential diagnose of periodontal problems caused by pulpal necrosis.