ABSTRACT
Current evidence suggests a high prevalence of childhood trauma (CT) among adult patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Exposure to CT might lead to clinical differences eventually observed in these patients. We present a cross-sectional study with 54 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder). We obtained sociodemographic data, as well as data on CT, dissociation, suicide history, and intensity of positive and negative psychotic symptoms. More than 75% of the patients reported a history of CT. We observed a link between CT and suicidal behavior. Patients showed high rates of dissociation. Dissociative experiences were related to CT, both in terms of intensity of trauma and number of traumas experienced. All CT forms except emotional neglect showed direct correlations with dissociative experiences. We found no correlation between intensity of CT and intensity of positive psychotic symptoms, yet we observed a moderate inverse correlation with negative psychotic symptoms.
Subject(s)
Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events/statistics & numerical data , Dissociative Disorders/psychology , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Schizophrenia , Suicidal Ideation , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Suicide , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Suicidal behaviour is a major public health problem that needs to be tackled by all health agents including mental health nurses. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics and different kinds of suicidal behaviour with a nurse-led suicide prevention programme. METHODS: The design was a cross-sectional study, performed in the region of Osona (Catalonia) in the five-year period 2013-2017. Suicidal behaviour was classified as suicidal ideation, interrupted self-directed violence, suicide attempt or completed suicide. RESULTS: The sample included 753 patients (of whom 53 completed suicide) who experienced 931 suicidal behaviour episodes. Men represented only 38.4% of the sample but 81.1% of completed suicides. Mental disorders were associated with suicidal behaviour in 75.4% of the sample. Two thirds (66.4%) of the individuals (0.8% (n = 4) of whom completed suicide) were participants in a nurse-led suicidal behaviour case management programme. CONCLUSION: The main risk factors were being a woman for suicidal behaviour and being a man and being older for completed suicide. Mental disorders, widowhood and retirement were also associated with completed suicide. The completed suicide rate was lower among participants in the nurse-led programme.
Subject(s)
Community Health Nursing , Preventive Health Services , Suicide, Attempted , Community Health Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Demography , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Nurses , Preventive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Suicidal Ideation , Suicide, Attempted/prevention & control , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a remarkable impact on mental health and is common in people diagnosed with severe mental disorders (SMDs). Data of 102 outpatients were collected from clinical records and the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ). Global estimation of lifetime IPV exposure was obtained by combining answers to selected TLEQ questions about physical, psychological, and sexual IPV. Overall, 24.5% of the participants reported at least one lifetime episode of IPV victimization. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 3.15, p = 0.016) and childhood trauma (OR = 4.7, p = 0.002) significantly increased the likelihood of IPV victimization. Conversely, posttraumatic stress disorder was not significantly increased in IPV victims. These findings are in line with current literature and suggest a remarkable and transdiagnostic prevalence of lifetime IPV victimization in SMD. Gender, childhood trauma, and SMD are relevant factors in IPV analysis and prevention. Diathesis of trauma, psychosocial vulnerability to revictimization and intersectional feminist theory help explain our results.
Subject(s)
Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Emotional Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Exposure to Violence/statistics & numerical data , Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Adverse Childhood Experiences/statistics & numerical data , Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychological Trauma/epidemiology , Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology , Schizophrenia/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Movement Disorders/diagnosis , Hallucinations/diagnosis , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Dopamine Antagonists/adverse effectsABSTRACT
No disponible
