ABSTRACT
Currently, more than 100,000 papers had been published studying the placenta in both physiological and pathological contexts. However, relevant health conditions affecting placental function, mostly found in low-income countries, should be evaluated deeper. This review will raise some - of what we think necessary - points of discussion regarding challenging topics not fully understood, including the paternal versus maternal contribution on placental genes imprinting, placenta-brain communication, and some environmental conditions affecting the placenta. The discussions are parts of an international effort to fulfil some gaps observed in this area, and Latin-American research groups currently evaluate that.
Subject(s)
Fathers , Placenta , Male , Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Placenta/physiology , Latin America/epidemiology , BrainABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is useful for eye preservation in advanced retinoblastoma (Rb). Intra-vitreal chemotherapy (IvitC) is the latest treatment for vitreous seeds. METHODS: The present study is a retrospective assessment of 100 eyes, treated with primary or secondary IAC alone or with IvitC. We evaluated demographic and clinical variables, eye salvage, associated adverse events, and patient survival. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox hazard ratios were utilized to assess the effect of demographic and clinical variables over eye salvage. RESULTS: Bilateral Rb was observed in 61% of patients, and 57% of eyes received secondary treatment. Forty eyes needed intra-arterial plus IvitC and 62 presented advanced disease (group D and E). Three- and 5-year ocular survival probabilities were 75 and 68%. We found a higher risk in group D and E eyes and those requiring 2 or more routes for ophthalmic artery catheterization. Patients coming from other countries also showed increased risk. Using primary or secondary treatment, or IvitC, did not affect this risk. Overall rates of survival and eye salvages were 98.8 and 73%, and we had a 100% catheterization success and none ophthalmic arterial occlusions. CONCLUSIONS: In an upper middle-income country such as Colombia, a specialized institution counting with therapeutic alternatives and a multidisciplinary team can reach rates of patient survival and eye salvage similar to those of high-income countries.
ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Midazolam/adverse effects , Midazolam/therapeutic use , Sialorrhea/complications , Sialorrhea/drug therapy , Sialorrhea/surgery , Foreign-Body Reaction/complications , Foreign-Body Reaction/surgery , Flumazenil/therapeutic use , Psychomotor Agitation/complications , Injections, Intramuscular , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Antecedentes : Poco se sabe sobre la neumonitis intersticial linfoidea (NIL) en niños con infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-1 (VIH-1) Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y patológicas de NIL en niños infectados por VIH-1 en un centro de referencia para VIH pediátrico en Cali (Colombia). Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una descripción de serie de casos de NIL basados en revisión retrospectiva de historias clínicas de todos los casos de niños con enfermedad pulmonar crónica y LIP confirmada por biopsia entre los años 2001 y 2012. Resultados y conclusiones: Diez de 12 casos con NIL fueron confirmados por biopsia pulmonar. Se observó una respuesta clínica y de función respiratoria luego del tratamiento con prednisona, excepto en un caso que presentó tos persistente. No se encontraron casos de tuberculosis pulmonar (TP) en nuestra serie y el papel de la biopsia pulmonar fue crítico para alcanzar un diagnóstico preciso.
Background: Little is known about Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonitis (LIP) in children with HIV infection. Aims: To describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of LIP in infected children in a referral center for pediatric HIV in Cali (Colombia). Methods: Case series based on retrospective analysis of clinical charts among HIV-infected children with chronic lung disease and lung-biopsy proven LIP between the years 2001 and 2012. Results and conclusions: 10 of 12 cases of LIP were confirmed by lung biopsy. Significant clinical and respiratory functional improvement was obtained in all cases after prednisone therapy, excepting one child who presented persistent cough. No case of pulmonary TB was detected in our cohort. Lung biopsy was critical to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , HIV-1 , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , HIV , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Mycobacterium tuberculosisABSTRACT
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre la inervación de la mucosa bucal. Sobre una base dada por los textos clásicos y con el aporte de nuevos conceptos, se procuró dar una visión no muy extensa pero sí lo más completa posible, de la inervación sensitiva, vegetativa y gustativa de la mucosa bucal. Se hizo especial hincapié sobre el nervio trigémino, por su decisiva participación en la inervación de la mucosa, con referencias además, sobre el nervio facial y nervio glosofaríngeo, que también intervienen. Se insistió con el tratamiento esquemático de los nervios, despojándolos de datos anatómicos superfluos, para que pudieran servir de base clara para la posterior comprensión de la fisiología, la patología y la cirugía de la mucosa bucal
Subject(s)
Mouth Mucosa/innervation , Facial Nerve/anatomy & histology , Lingual Nerve/anatomy & histology , Mandibular Nerve/anatomy & histology , Maxillary Nerve/anatomy & histology , Glossopharyngeal Nerve/anatomy & histology , Trigeminal Nerve/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Se revisan los datos clínicos e histopatológicos de 10.558 pacientes hospitalizadas e intervenidas en la división de Ginecología Servicio de Obstetricia, Ginecología y Neonatología Hospital Paula Jaraquemada en el período 1975-1984; de ellas se estudian 510 pacientes en las cuales el diagnóstico histopatológico correspondió a una tumoración ovárica. Se exponen los conceptos básicos para decidir conducta ante un tumor ovárico. En el grupo de estudio se analizan: histología de los distintos tumores, frecuencia relativa de cada variedad histopatológica y edad de la paciente
