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1.
Comunidad (Barc., Internet) ; 22(1): 0-0, mar.-jun. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-193589

ABSTRACT

El diagnóstico de salud impulsado desde un equipo de Atención Primaria (EAP) supone una oportunidad para reorientar la atención comunitaria en los EAP. El objetivo de este trabajo es el desarrollo del diagnóstico de salud de los barrios atendidos por el EAP Congrés en la ciudad de Barcelona. Secundariamente, se detectaron activos para la salud del barrio que permitieron la creación posterior de grupos de trabajo intersectoriales orientados a la acción comunitaria conjunta. El estudio se inició caracterizando a la población mediante un examen preliminar en el que se utilizó metodología mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa) y se obtuvo un listado de problemas de salud. Posteriormente, se celebró una jornada comunitaria participativa, siendo la soledad, el envejecimiento y el desconocimiento de los recursos comunitarios existentes en el barrio los problemas priorizados. Participaron en todo el proceso agentes comunitarios, profesionales y habitantes del barrio. El diagnóstico de salud impulsado por el EAP coincidió con un proceso de diagnóstico comunitario liderado por el Ayuntamiento que se inició en el barrio meses después. La simultaneidad de ambos procesos facilitó la interrelación de los activos para la salud favoreciendo la creación de cuatro mesas comunitarias (MC) intersectoriales: políticas sociales, de juventud, educativa y de gente mayor. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto que el desarrollo del DS impulsado por un EAP puede ser una oportunidad para conocer las necesidades de salud de la población del barrio, sus activos y, al mismo tiempo, generar un proceso comunitario en la zona


Health diagnosis driven by a Primary Care Team (PCT) is an opportunity to redirect community care in PCTs. The aim of this work is development of health diagnosis in neighbourhoods served by the PCT Congrés in the city of Barcelona. Secondly, neighbourhood health assets were detected which enabled subsequent creation of inter-sectoral working groups targeted at joint community action. The study started by characterizing the population by means of a preliminary examination in which mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) was used, thereby obtaining a list of health problems. In a second phase, a participatory community day was held. Loneliness, aging and lack of familiarity with existing community resources in the neighbourhood were priority problems. Community agents, professionals and neighbourhood residents all took part in the whole process. The health diagnosis promoted by the Primary Care Team coincided with a community diagnostic process spearheaded by the City Council that began in the neighbourhood months later. The simultaneous nature of both processes facilitated interrelation of health assets, which favoured the creation of 4 inter-sectoral community tables: Social Policies, Youth, Education and the Elderly. This work reveals that development of health diagnosis driven by a PCT can be an opportunity to get to know the health needs of the neighbourhood population, their assets and, at the same time, generate a community process in the area


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Diagnosis of Health Situation , Community Participation , Urban Population , Focus Groups
2.
J. inborn errors metab. screen ; 3: e140011, 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090867

ABSTRACT

Abstract β-Galactosidase (BGal) is the first enzyme involved in the catabolism of sphingolipids. Two pathologies have been directly associated with its deficiency: GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B. Morquio B is among the rarest types of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). We aim to document the β-galactosidase deficiency in Colombia. We evaluated leukocytes from 1492 healthy Colombian individuals and 923 patients, referred between 2005 and August 2014. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples from the same number of patients were evaluated. β-Galactosidase was measured with 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-galactoside. As a control enzyme, the total hexosaminidase activity was also evaluated. We identified 14 patients with GM1 gangliosidosis, 5 patients with Morquio B, and 1 patient with I-cell disease. We could establish a reference value for Bgal in Colombian leukocyte samples. GM1 gangliosidosis is the main pathology associated with a direct deficiency of BGal. The high number of patients found with MPS IVB indicates that there are patients who could be misdiagnosed due to an unawareness of the disease.

3.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 79(3): 365-378, mayo-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048256

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: En la últimas décadas la mortalidad por enfermedadescardiovasculares ha mostrado una tendencia decreciente en lospaíses desarrollados, confirmada asimismo en España. No obstantesiguen siendo la principal causa de mortalidad El objetivo de este trabajoes estudiar la asociación entre las enfermedades cardiovascularesy diversos factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en relacióna su agrupación (clustering).Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en un centrode salud urbano, que incluyó a 2.248 personas de 15 o más años,seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple del archivo de historiasclínicas. Se calculó en forma de odds ratio (OR) el riesgo de teneralguna enfermedad cardiovascular (cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedadcerebrovascular o arteriopatia periférica de extremidades inferiores)en relación al clustering de los factores de riesgo tabaquismo,hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia y diabetesmellitus, ajustado por edad, sexo y factores de riesgo.Resultados: Las personas estudiadas tenían 224 enfermedadescardiovasculares. En el tabaquismo la OR como factor de riesgo aisladofue de 1,5 (IC95%: 1,0-2,2) y de 1,6 (IC95%: 0,9-2,5) con el clusteringcon los otros 4 factores de riesgo; con la hipertensión arterial de2,1 (IC95%: 1,5-2,9) y de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,1-2,6), respectivamente; conla hipercolesterolemia de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,2-2,4) y de 1,6 (IC95%: 1,1-2,4), respectivamente; con la diabetes de 2,5 (IC95%: 1,7-3,5) y 2,0(IC95%: 1,3-3,0), respectivamente y con la hipertrigliceridemia de 1,8(IC95%: 1,2-2,8) y 1,3 (IC95%: 0,8-2,1), respectivamente. Las OR secomportaron de manera similar al estratificar por cada enfermedadcardiovascular, aunque las OR más elevadas (entre 2,4 y 3,1) correspondieronal clustering de diabetes mellitus y tabaquismo.Conclusiones: El riesgo de tener enfermedades cardiovascularessigue siendo elevado con el clustering de factores de riesgo cardiovascular,aunque se observan diferencias entre ellos


Background: Over recent decades, the death rate due to cardiovasculardiseases has shown a downward trend in developedcountries, as has also been the case in Spain. However, are still theleading cause of death. This study is aimed at studying the relationshipbetween cardiovascular diseases and different modifiablecardiovascular risk factors related to their clustering.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at anurban healthcare center, which included 2248 individuals ages 15and above selected by simple random sampling of the medical recordfiles. The risk of having some cardiovascular disease (ischemic cardiopathy,cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arteriopathy of lowerlimbs) was calculated in the form of an odds ration (OR) in relationto the clustering of the risk factors of smoking, high blood pressure,hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus,adjusted by age, sex and risk factors.Results: The individuals studied had 224 cardiovascular diseases.For smoking, the OR as an isolated risk factor was 1.5 (95% CI:1.0-2.2) and 1.6 (95% CI: 0.9-2.5) with the clustering with the otherfour risk factors; with high blood pressure, respectively of 2.1 (95%CI: 1.5-2.9) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.6); with hypercholesterolemia,respectively of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.4) and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1-2.4); andwith hypertriglyceridemia, respectively of 1.8(95% CI: 1.2-2.8) and1.3 (95% CI: 0.8-2.1). The OR's showed a similar behavior on layeringby each cardiovascular disease, although the highest OR's (2.4 -3.1 range) corresponded to the clustering of diabetes mellitus andsmoking.Conclusions: The risk of having cardiovascular diseasesremains high with the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors,although differences among them are found to exist


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Humans , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases , Myocardial Ischemia , Stroke , Cluster Analysis , Spain/epidemiology
4.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 58(4): 367-73, 2005 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15847733

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in primary care. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out at an urban health center in Barcelona, Spain. In total, 2248 patients > or =15 years old were selected randomly from medical records. The study investigated cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease, and cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, smoking, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: The patients' mean age was 49.1 (18.9) years and 53.5% were male. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalences were: smoking, 35.2%; high blood pressure, 33.7%; hypercholesterolemia, 21.9%; hypertriglyceridemia,12.7%; and diabetes mellitus, 15.8%. Overall, 57.9% of patients had at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor. Significantly more males presented with each risk factor (P<.05), apart from high blood pressure. The prevalence of all risk factors, except smoking, increased with age until 74 years and then stabilized, except high blood pressure, which continued to increase. Around 10% had cardiovascular disease, with myocardial ischemia in 5.5%, cerebrovascular disease in 3.7%, and peripheral arterial disease in 2.4%. All except cerebrovascular disease were significantly more common in males (P<.05). The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was low in individuals <55 years old, particularly women, and increased with age for all forms of disease. Some 68.3% were > or =65 years old. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was confirmed. Cardiovascular disease was more common in males and the elderly.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution
5.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 367-373, abr. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037189

ABSTRACT

Introdución y objetivos. Estudiar la prevalencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y sus factores de riesgo en atención primaria. Pacientes y método. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en un centro de salud urbano de Barcelona (España).Se incluyó a 2.248 pacientes ≥ 15 años, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple del archivo de historias clínicas. Se estudiaron las siguientes enfermedades cardiovasculares: cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular y arteriopatía periférica de extremidades inferiores, y los siguientes factores de riesgo cardiovascular: edad, sexo, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia y diabetes mellitus. Resultados. La edad media fue de 49,1 ± 18,9 años y un 53,5% era mujer. La prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular fue: tabaquismo, 35,2%; hipertensión arterial, 33,7%; hipercolesterolemia, 21,9%; hipertrigliceridemia,12,7%, y diabetes melitus, 15,8%. El 57,9%presentó al menos 1 factor de riesgo. Los varones presentaron una proporción superior (p < 0,05) excepto en la hipertensión arterial. Su prevalencia aumentó con la edad(excepto en el tabaquismo) hasta los 74 años, en que se estabilizó, excepto en la hipertensión, que siguió aumentando. Tenían alguna enfermedad cardiovascular el10,0% de los pacientes: cardiopatía isquémica el 5,5%;enfermedad cerebrovascular el 3,7% y arteriopatía periférica de extremidades inferiores el 2,4%. Fueron más frecuentes en varones (p < 0,05), excepto la enfermedad cerebrovascular. Su prevalencia fue baja en < 55 años(especialmente en mujeres) y aumentó con la edad en todas las enfermedades cardiovasculares, correspondiendo el 68,3% a pacientes de ≥ 65 años. Conclusiones. Se confirma la elevada prevalencia delos factores de riesgo cardiovascular en nuestro medio. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son especialmente frecuentes en varones y ancianos


Introduction and objectives. To study the prevalence of and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in primary care. Patients and method. A cross-sectional study was carried out at an urban health center in Barcelona, Spain. In total, 2248 patients ≥15 years old were selected randomly from medical records. The study investigated cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease, and cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, smoking, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes mellitus. Results. The patients’ mean age was 49.1 (18.9) years and 53.5% were male. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalences were: smoking, 35.2%; high blood pressure, 33.7%;hypercholesterolemia, 21.9%; hypertriglyceridemia,12.7%;and diabetes mellitus, 15.8%. Overall, 57.9% of patients had at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor. Significantly more males presented with each risk factor (P<.05), apart from high blood pressure. The prevalence of all risk factors, except smoking, increased with age until 74 years and then stabilized, except high blood pressure, which continued to increase. Around 10% had cardiovascular disease, with myocardial ischemia in 5.5%, cerebrovascular disease in3.7%, and peripheral arterial disease in 2.4%. All except cerebrovascular disease were significantly more common in males (P<.05). The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was low in individuals <55 years old, particularly women, and increased with age for all forms of disease. Some 68.3% were ≥65 years old. Conclusions. The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was confirmed. Cardiovascular disease was more common in males and the elderly


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia , Risk Factors , Primary Health Care
6.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 79: 365-378, 2005 Jun 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28272385

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Over recent decades, the death rate due to cardiovascular diseases has shown a downward trend in developed countries, as has also been the case in Spain. However, are still the leading cause of death. This study is aimed at studying the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and different modifiable cardiovascular risk factors related to their clustering. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at an urban healthcare center, which included 2248 individuals ages 15 and above selected by simple random sampling of the medical record files. The risk of having some cardiovascular disease (ischemic cardiopathy, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arteriopathy of lower limbs) was calculated in the form of an odds ration (OR) in relation to the clustering of the risk factors of smoking, high blood pressure,hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus,adjusted by age, sex and risk factors. RESULTS: The individuals studied had 224 cardiovascular diseases.For smoking, the OR as an isolated risk factor was 1.5 (95% CI:1.0-2.2) and 1.6 (95% CI: 0.9-2.5) with the clustering with the other four risk factors; with high blood pressure, respectively of 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5-2.9) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.6); with hypercholesterolemia, respectively of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.4) and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1-2.4); and with hypertriglyceridemia, respectively of 1.8(95% CI: 1.2-2.8) and 1.3 (95% CI: 0.8-2.1). The OR's showed a similar behavior on layering by each cardiovascular disease, although the highest OR's (2.4 - 3.1 range) corresponded to the clustering of diabetes mellitus and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of having cardiovascular diseasesremains high with the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors,although differences among them are found to exist.


OBJETIVO: En la últimas décadas la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares ha mostrado una tendencia decreciente en los países desarrollados, confirmada asimismo en España. No obstante siguen siendo la principal causa de mortalidad El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre las enfermedades cardiovasculares y diversos factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en relación a su agrupación (clustering). METODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en un centro de salud urbano, que incluyó a 2.248 personas de 15 o más años, seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple del archivo de historias clínicas. Se calculó en forma de odds ratio (OR) el riesgo de tener alguna enfermedad cardiovascular (cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular o arteriopatia periférica de extremidades inferiores)en relación al clustering de los factores de riesgo tabaquismo,hipertensión arterial, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia y diabetes mellitus, ajustado por edad, sexo y factores de riesgo. RESULTADOS: Las personas estudiadas tenían 224 enfermedades cardiovasculares. En el tabaquismo la OR como factor de riesgo aislado fue de 1,5 (IC95%: 1,0-2,2) y de 1,6 (IC95%: 0,9-2,5) con el clustering con los otros 4 factores de riesgo; con la hipertensión arterial de 2,1 (IC95%: 1,5-2,9) y de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,1-2,6), respectivamente; con la hipercolesterolemia de 1,7 (IC95%: 1,2-2,4) y de 1,6 (IC95%: 1,1-2,4), respectivamente; con la diabetes de 2,5 (IC95%: 1,7-3,5) y 2,0 (IC95%: 1,3-3,0), respectivamente y con la hipertrigliceridemia de 1,8 (IC95%: 1,2-2,8) y 1,3 (IC95%: 0,8-2,1), respectivamente. Las OR se comportaron de manera similar al estratificar por cada enfermedad cardiovascular, aunque las OR más elevadas (entre 2,4 y 3,1) correspondieron al clustering de diabetes mellitus y tabaquismo. CONCLUSIONES: El riesgo de tener enfermedades cardiovasculares sigue siendo elevado con el clustering de factores de riesgo cardiovascular,aunque se observan diferencias entre ellos.

7.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 18(1): 3-17, mar. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-319478

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la investigación fue promover y desarrollar un protocolo para detectar enfermedades neurodegenerativas, asociadas a errores innatos del metabolismo, mediante la cuantificación de la actividad enzimática de arilsulfatasa A, de hexosaminidadas totales y de hexosaminidasa A y B, de betagalactosidasa en suero y de la detección de oligosacáridos y ácido sialico en orina. La confirmación de la alteración metabólica se realizó mediante la determinación de las enzimas en leucocitos. el estudio se realizó mediante la aplicación de un tamiz bioquímico preestablecido, entre enero de 1997 y junio de 2001, a 165 pacientes con características clínicas que hacian sospechar un desorden neurodegenerativo. Se hallaron 38 pacientes con anormalidades enzimátcas 23/100 mediante el tamiz bioquímico y cromatográfico. Sometidos a la cuantificación enzimática en leucocitos, el defecto se confirmó en solo nueve pacientes 4.2/100. El tamizaje de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas es una ayuda diagnóstica útil en pacientes con involución de su desarrollo psicomotor. Conviene resaltar que la aplicación de un tamiz bioquímico de estas caracterisitcas no tiene antecedente en Colombia ni en Latinoamérica.


Subject(s)
Neurodegenerative Diseases , Research , Straining of Liquids , Colombia
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