Experiences of women and men living with urinary incontinence: A phenomenological study.

AIMS: To explore and understand, from a gender-based perspective, the quality-of-life experiences of men and women who suffer from urinary incontinence. BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a major health problem with significant social, psychological, occupational, sexual and economic effects leading to a substantial decrease in quality of life. Although this condition is increasingly frequent in men, research has tended to focus on women, adopting a quantitative approach. DESIGN: The data were examined using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). METHODS: The data were collected through a semi-structured interview conducted between January and June 2016. An inductive discourse content analysis was performed in three stages: preparation, organization and report. Participants were recruited until data saturation was achieved. FINDINGS: A sample of 33 participants was recruited: 17 women and 16 men. Gender-specific features were found. Six categories emerged: (i) normalization of incontinence; (ii) verbalization of the problem; (iii) social isolation; (iv)experienced feelings and emotions; (v) impact on daily routine; (vi) self-care strategies to address the problem in the most suitable way. CONCLUSION: Urinary incontinence has a negative effect on the quality of life of men and women. However, there are gender differences as to how this phenomenon is experienced, particularly with regard to its psychological and social dimensions. A comprehensive, targeted assessment of the needs of these men and women is required on the part of professional nurses.

Formación y detección de la violencia de género en la profesión sanitaria / Formação e detecção da violência de gênero na profissão de saúde / Formation and detection of gender violence in the healthcare profession

Objetivos: identificar a formação em violência de gênero (VG) dos profissionais de saúde e o conhecimento do protocolo de desempenho em VG tendo recebido formação com a descoberta de abuso. Métodos: estudo transversal, observacional e descritivo. A amostra foi de 119 profissionais de saúde de Múrcia (Espanha). Foram realizadas tabelas de contingência mediante a X2 de Pearson. Resultados: 82,9% dos profissionais desconhece a existência de protocolos para VG e 92,4% refere não ter recibo formação específica. 74,8%nunca detectaram casos de maus tratos em mulheres em sua prática profissional. O conhecimento dos protocolos de atuação e formação específica está significativamente relacionado (p<0,05) a detecção de VG. Conclusão: a formação, o conhecimento dos protocolos de atuação e uma maior sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde para o tema incrementariam o número de detecções de maus tratos, reduzindo problemas crônicos de saúde e gastos sanitários.

Aim: to identify the specific formation health professionals have on gende rviolence (GV) and knowledge about the actuation protocol on GV having received formation in mistreatment detection. Methods: transversal, observational and descriptive study. The sample size was 119 health professionals from Murcia (Spain). A statistical study of contingency tables was made, using the X2 of Pearson. Results: 82.9% of the professionals don’t know if there is a protocol of GV and 92.4% report never having received specific training. 74.8% have never detected a case of abuse in women during practice. Knowledge of the protocols and specific training is significantly related (p <0.05) with the detectionof GV. Conclusions: the specific formation, the knowledge of domestic violence protocols and a greater sensitization of health professionals would increase the number of detections of poorly treated women, reducing chronic health problems and health care spending.

Objetivos: identificar la formación en violencia de género (VG) de los profesionales sanitarios y el conocimiento del protocolo de actuación en VG, averiguar larelación entre conocimiento de los protocolos sobre VG y el haber recibido formación conla detección de maltrato. Métodos: estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo. La muestra la componen 119 profesionales sanitarios de Murcia (España). Se han realizado tablas de contingencia mediante la X2 de Pearson. Resultados: el 82,9% no conoce siexiste un protocolo sobre VG y un 92,4% no ha recibido nunca formación específica. El74,8% no ha detectado un caso de malos tratos. Por tanto, el conocimiento de los protocolos de actuación y el haber recibido formación específica está significativamente relacionado (p<0,05) con la detección de malos tratos. Conclusión: la formación, el conocimiento de los protocolos y una mayor sensibilización en los profesionales sanitario sincrementarían el número de detecciones de maltrato, reduciendo problemas crónicos desalud y gasto sanitario.