ABSTRACT
This research presents an evaluation of a hybrid material based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), stabilized with the thiol 3-mercapto-propanesulfonate (3MPS) and loaded with the methotrexate drug (MTX). The AuNPs-3MPS-MTX nanosystem was tested for the treatment of cervical cancer and melanoma, using the B16-F10 melanoma and HeLa cell lines. The tests performed on cell cultures assessed the efficiency of the studied nanosystem on tumor cells, as well as its toxicology.
ABSTRACT
Poisoning is the fifth leading cause of death from unintentional injury in the WHO European region, while Spain is in the group with a lower rate. Most involuntary poisonings occur in young children while they are at the home, due to unintentional ingestion of therapeutic drugs or household products. Of these, a large percentage is stored in non-original containers and/or within reach of children. In this article, the Committee on Safety and Non-Intentional Injury Prevention in Childhood of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics provides a series of recommendations, educational as well as legal, to prevent such cases.
Subject(s)
Poisoning/prevention & control , Child , Household Products , Humans , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Poisoning/etiology , SpainABSTRACT
Drowning is the second leading cause of non-intentional death in children under the age of 19 in Europe. Weather conditions in Spain allow an extended period of contact with water, therefore increasing the risk of drowning (due to the increased exposure), and constitutes the second leading cause of accidental death in children less than 14 years of age. In children younger than 5 years, drowning occurs mostly in pools belonging to private homes or communities, while in older children, drowning is often linked to aquatic recreational activities in lakes, sea, rivers and canals, and at times associated with alcohol consumption. In this article, the Committee on Safety and Non-Intentional Injury Prevention in Childhood of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics provides a series of architectonic, educational and legislative recommendations to prevent such incidents.
Subject(s)
Drowning/prevention & control , Child , HumansABSTRACT
An outbreak of Legionnaire's disease was detected in Pamplona, Spain, on 1 June 2006. Patients with pneumonia were tested to detect Legionella pneumophila antigen in urine (Binax Now; Binax Inc., Scarborough, ME, USA), and all 146 confirmed cases were interviewed. The outbreak was related to district 2 (22 012 inhabitants), where 45% of the cases lived and 50% had visited; 5% lived in neighbouring districts. The highest incidence was found in the resident population of district 2 (3/1000 inhabitants), section 2 (14/1000). All 31 cooling towers of district 2 were analysed. L. pneumophila antigen (Binax Now) was detected in four towers, which were closed on 2 June. Only the strain isolated in a tower situated in section 2 of district 2 matched all five clinical isolates, as assessed by mAb and two genotyping methods, AFLP and PFGE. Eight days after closing the towers, new cases ceased appearing. Early detection and rapid coordinated medical and environmental actions permitted immediate control of the outbreak and probably contributed to the null case fatality.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification , Legionnaires' Disease/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis , Animals , Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Communicable Disease Control , Demography , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Female , Genotype , Humans , Incidence , Legionella pneumophila/classification , Legionnaires' Disease/microbiology , Male , Middle Aged , Spain/epidemiology , Urine/microbiology , Water MicrobiologyABSTRACT
En este trabajo se comparan dos métodos diferentes de vigilancia de la infección nosocomial, el propio de nuestro hospital, basado en la revisión sistemática de los resultados de cultivos microbiológicos solicitados al laboratorio y en la historia clínica de todos los pacientes en el momento del alta con un sistema de vigilancia basado únicamente en cultivos microbiológicos, utilizando únicamente un sistema de vigilancia basado en el laboratorio el 24,05% de 701 infecciones nosocomiales detectadas por el sistema propio de vigilancia utilizado en nuestro hospital se hubieran perdido. De estas infecciones no diagnosticadas el 38,60% serían respiratorias y el 25,50% de sitio quirúrgico. Un sistema de vigilancia de infección nosocomial basado únicamente en los resultados de los cultivos microbiológicos es insuficiente para el estudio de infecciones cuyo diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico o radiológico
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Epidemiological Monitoring , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Tertiary Healthcare , Communicable Disease Control/methods , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Three cases of male children presenting a tracheocele with the common feature of repeating catarrhal affections and frequent cough are described. Results of analytic and roentgenographic studies performed are commented. Authors consider that treatment should be expectant unless any complication is present, then surgery and/or antibiotic treatment should be undertaken.
Subject(s)
Diverticulum/diagnosis , Tracheal Diseases/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Diverticulum/complications , Diverticulum/therapy , Humans , Male , Tracheal Diseases/complications , Tracheal Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
Authors review the usefulness of radiographic skull examination in childhood head injury. Two hundred and forty-two patients assisted at the emergency area were prospectively recorded during one year. Data of filiation and epidemiology and symptoms and signs posed by Leonidas as "high risk criteria" to have a skull fracture, were registered. AP and L X-Ray skull were performed in all patients. Thirteen (5.37%) of them had a fracture. Blood discharge from the ear and skull depressed fracture were more frequently found in the fracture group with statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively). The probability of positive finding was 8.8 for blood discharge from the ear, 17.6 for skull depressed fracture and 4.4 for bilateral black eyes. Because of no correlation between clinical and radiological findings, the radiographic skull examination must be systematically performed in every head injury if the purpose is to diagnose a fracture.
