ABSTRACT
We examined the effect of experimental malnutrition and diet supplementation of parameters of central nervous system damage. Wistar rats were fed during 30 days and classified as malnourished (MN, 7% protein content diet) or well-nourished (WN, 23% protein content diet), were grouped and treated as follows: I-control; II-SNP (20 microg/kg); IIl-Ivelip (280 mg/kg) and IV-Ivelip + sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), tryptophan (Trp) and serotonin (5-HT) were assessed in brain by liquid chromatography. TBARS and GSH levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in MN vs. WN rats that did not receive Ivelip. No significant differences were observed in TBARS and GSH among rats that received Ivelip or SNP. The weight of rats decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all MN groups in relation to the WN groups. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in MN and WN groups that received Ivelip. 5-HT levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all MN groups. Trp levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the WN + Ivelip group vs. control. Early malnutrition induces changes in the metabolism of biogenic amines and this condition may promote oxidative injury of the brain.
Subject(s)
Brain Chemistry/drug effects , Fat Emulsions, Intravenous/pharmacology , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Malnutrition/metabolism , Nitroprusside/pharmacology , Serotonin/metabolism , Soybean Oil/pharmacology , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Diet , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Male , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Triglycerides/pharmacology , Tryptophan/metabolismABSTRACT
The aim was to evaluate the effect of toluene and nutritional status on levels of serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), Na+/K+-ATPase, total ATPase and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in rat brain. Study was conducted with malnourished (MN), well-nourished (WN) and normal Wistar rats. Three groups were formed for each nutritional status: control group I received 0.9% NaCl; toluene (1 g/kg) was administered to group II, and 1.5 g/kg to group III. Levels of 5-HT decreased (P < 0.05) in WN toluene groups, and 5-HTP decreased (P < 0.05) in the WN 1 g toluene and MN 1.5 g toluene groups. TBARS decreased (P < 0.05) in WN toluene groups. A trend to increase in Na+/K+-ATPase was found in WN and MN toluene groups, while total ATPase increased (P < 0.05) in the WN 1.5 g toluene group. The results suggest that high concentrations of toluene in single doses induce significant changes in the serotonergic system and alter membrane fluidity more perceptibly in the brain of adult animals with regular diet than in malnourished animals.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Lipid Peroxidation , Nutritional Status , Serotonin/metabolism , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Toluene/toxicity , Animals , Brain/enzymology , Brain/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Prospective Studies , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The objective of the present trial was to evaluate the effect of toluene and o-cresol, m-cresol, and p-cresol on serotonin (5-HT), its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophane (5-HTP), Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, total ATPase, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in rat brain. Evaluation of lipid peroxidation was realized by means of TBARS, determination of biogenic amines and enzymes assay was carried out in brain homogenate samples using HPLC and spectrophotometry, respectively. Five groups of male Wistar rats (200 g) were treated as follow: control, toluene, o-cresol, m-cresol, and p-cresol groups, which were administered 35 mg/kgi.p. of each compound, the control group was given only glycerine as vehicle. 5-HT and 5-HTP levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) in toluene and o-cresol groups. Lipid peroxidation increased significantly (p < 0.002) in all groups. A significant increase (p < 0.001) of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was noted in the toluene and o-cresol groups, while this enzyme was reduced in the p-cresol group compared to the control group. Total ATPase showed significant differences in the p-cresol group, compared to the control group. Based in our results, it can be concluded that toluene and all cresols groups may increase lipid peroxidation and consequently induce changes in membrane fluidity.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Cresols/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Serotonin/metabolism , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Solvents/pharmacology , Toluene/pharmacology , Animals , Brain/enzymology , Brain/metabolism , Male , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of pyridoxine and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on lipid peroxidation and on levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin. METHODS: Thirty rats (30 days of age) were used in the survey, measuring levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), hemoglobin, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), and serotonin (5-HT) after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 4 and 10 mg/kg/day of pyridoxine HCl during 20 days and a single dose of 2 microM/kg (440 microg) of BHT. RESULTS: Levels of TBARS and 5-HTP increased considerably (p <0.05) in all vitamin- and/or BHT-treated groups, and 5-HT increased partially (p <0.05) only in B(6) with or without BHT-treated groups compared with control group. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that pyridoxine plays a role in tryptophan metabolism, increasing production of 5-HTP.
