ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Impulse control disorders (ICD) occur frequently in individuals with Parkinson's disease. So far, prevention is the best treatment. Several strategies for its treatment have been suggested, but their frequency of use and benefit have scarcely been explored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate which strategy is the most commonly used in a real-life setting and its rate of response. METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted. At the baseline evaluation, data on current treatment and ICD status according to QUIP-RS were collected. The treatment strategies were categorized as "no-change", dopamine agonist (DA) dose lowering, DA removal, DA switch or add-on therapy. At the six-month follow-up visit, the same tools were applied. RESULTS: A total of 132 individuals (58.3% men) were included; 18.2% had at least one ICD at baseline. The therapeutic strategy most used in the ICD group was no-change (37.5%), followed by DA removal (16.7%), DA switch (12.5%) and DA lowering (8.3%). Unexpectedly, in 20.8% of the ICD subjects the DA dose was increased. Overall, nearly 80% of the subjects showed remission of their ICD at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the therapy used, most of the subjects presented remission of their ICD at follow-up Further research with a longer follow-up in a larger sample, with assessment of decision-making processes, is required in order to better understand the efficacy of strategies for ICD treatment.
Subject(s)
Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders , Parkinson Disease , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/therapy , Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/drug therapyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Impulse control disorders (ICD) occur frequently in individuals with Parkinson's disease. So far, prevention is the best treatment. Several strategies for its treatment have been suggested, but their frequency of use and benefit have scarcely been explored. Objective: To investigate which strategy is the most commonly used in a real-life setting and its rate of response. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted. At the baseline evaluation, data on current treatment and ICD status according to QUIP-RS were collected. The treatment strategies were categorized as "no-change", dopamine agonist (DA) dose lowering, DA removal, DA switch or add-on therapy. At the six-month follow-up visit, the same tools were applied. Results: A total of 132 individuals (58.3% men) were included; 18.2% had at least one ICD at baseline. The therapeutic strategy most used in the ICD group was no-change (37.5%), followed by DA removal (16.7%), DA switch (12.5%) and DA lowering (8.3%). Unexpectedly, in 20.8% of the ICD subjects the DA dose was increased. Overall, nearly 80% of the subjects showed remission of their ICD at follow-up. Conclusions: Regardless of the therapy used, most of the subjects presented remission of their ICD at follow-up Further research with a longer follow-up in a larger sample, with assessment of decision-making processes, is required in order to better understand the efficacy of strategies for ICD treatment.
Resumen Antecedentes: Los trastornos del control de impulsos (TCI) son frecuentes en personas con enfermedad de Parkinson. A la fecha, la prevención es el mejor tratamiento. Existen varias estrategias sugeridas para su tratamiento, pero su frecuencia de uso y beneficio ha sido escasamente explorada. Objetivo: Investigar qué estrategia es la más utilizada en un entorno de la vida real y su tasa de respuesta. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal. En la evaluación inicial, se recopiló el tratamiento actual y el estado del TCI de acuerdo con el QUIP-RS. La estrategia de tratamiento se clasificó como "sin cambios", reducción de la dosis de agonista de la dopamina (AD), eliminación de AD, cambio de AD o terapia complementaria. En la visita de seguimiento a los 6 meses, se aplicaron las mismas herramientas. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 132 (58.3% hombres) personas. El 18.2% tenía al menos un TCI al inicio del estudio. La estrategia terapéutica más utilizada en el grupo de TCI fue sin cambios (37.5%), seguida de eliminación de DA (16.7%), cambio de AD (12.5%) y reducción de DA (8.3%). En el 20.8% de los sujetos con TCI se aumentó la dosis de AD. Casi el 80% de los sujetos tuvieron una remisión del TCI al seguimiento. Conclusiones: Independientemente de la terapia utilizada, la mayoría de los sujetos tuvieron una remisión del TCI. Se requiere más investigación con un seguimiento y una muestra mayor para evaluar l proceso de toma de decisiones para comprender mejor la eficacia de las estrategias.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/drug therapy , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/therapy , Longitudinal Studies , Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic useABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) increases as the population ages. Studies have shown that some cardiometabolic comorbidities could be associated with risk or protection against developing PD. A retrospective case-control study was carried out to analyze the relationship between PD and cardiometabolic comorbidities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects with PD and controls without PD were consecutively recruited. Data on type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), dyslipidemia and body mass index were collected. Logistic regression analyses were carried out. RESULTS: A total of 781 subjects with PD (56.5% males) and 1,000 controls (44.4% males) were included. After adjusting for age and gender, SAH was found as an independent risk factor (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.05-1.67; p = 0.02), and obesity as a protective factor (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56-0.93; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with SAH had a higher risk of having PD, while obese subjects had a lower risk of having PD. The relationship between cardiometabolic disease, its treatment, and PD etiopathogenesis appears to be extremely complex given the amount of contradictory data.
ANTECEDENTES: La prevalencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) aumenta a medida que la población envejece. Los estudios han demostrado que algunas comorbilidades cardiometabólicas pudieran estar asociadas con el riesgo o la protección de desarrollar la EP. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles para analizar la relación entre la EP y las comorbilidades cardiometabólicas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se reclutaron sujetos con EP y controles sin EP de forma consecutiva. Se recolectaron datos sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensión arterial sistémica (HTA), dislipidemia e índice de masa corporal. Se llevó a cabo análisis de regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 781 personas con EP (56,5% hombres) y 1,000 controles (44,4% hombres). Después de ajustar por edad y sexo, la HTA se encontró como factor de riesgo independiente (OR 1.32, IC 95% 1.05-1.67, p = 0.02) y la obesidad como factor protector (OR 0.72, IC 95% 0.56-0.93, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONES: Los sujetos con HTA tienen un mayor riesgo de tener EP; mientras que los sujetos obesos tienen un menor riesgo de tener EP. La relación entre la enfermedad cardiometabólica, su tratamiento y etiopatogenia de la EP parece ser extremadamente compleja dada la cantidad de datos contradictorios.
