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1.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 63(3A): 697-700, 2005 Sep.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16172728

ABSTRACT

Pseudotumor cerebri is a relatively common neurologic syndrome in adolescence. In most cases, etiology is idiopathic, but it may have serious complications, such as blindness, that are related to increased intracranial pressure. The aim of this article is to emphasize the differential diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri, with special attention to treatable etiologies. We report a case of an 12 year-old adolescent who presented with diplopia and headache 9 days after right-sided otitis media and mastoiditis. Head computerized tomography was normal, but brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated thrombosis of ipsilateral transverse and sigmoid sinuses, which responded promptly to early anticoagulation. The conclusion is that magnetic resonance imaging is essential for patients with a clinical diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri in order to exclude treatable causes, such as dural sinus thrombosis.


Subject(s)
Dura Mater , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Child , Enoxaparin/therapeutic use , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Male , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnosis , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/drug therapy , Spinal Puncture , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 63(3A): 697-700, set. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409061

ABSTRACT

O pseudotumor cerebral é uma síndrome neurológica relativamente comum na adolescência. Na maioria dos casos, a etiologia é idiopática, mas pode haver complicações graves, como cegueira, relacionadas com a hipertensão intracraniana. O objetivo deste artigo é enfatizar o diagnóstico diferencial do pseudotumor cerebral, com atenção especial às etiologias tratáveis. Relatamos o caso de um adolescente de 12 anos que se apresentou com diplopia e cefaléia 9 dias após otite média e mastoidite à direita. A tomografia computadorizada do crânio foi normal, mas a ressonância magnética do encéfalo detectou trombose dos seios transverso e sigmóideo ipsilaterais, a qual respondeu à anticoagulação precoce. A conclusão é que a ressonância magnética do encéfalo é essencial nos pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de pseudotumor cerebral para exclusão de causas tratáveis, como a trombose venosa dural.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Dura Mater , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Enoxaparin/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy , Spinal Puncture , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnosis , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/drug therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 50(4): 380-385, out.-dez. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-392078

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever a introdução e o manejo da dieta cetogênica em um grupo de seis crianças e adolescentes com epilepsia refratária. MÉTODOS: Os autores reviram o prontuário médico de cada paciente menor de 15 anos submetido à dieta cetogênica entre abril de 1999 e julho de 2003 e compararam os resultados terapêuticos e efeitos adversos e benéficos com a literatura pertinente. RESULTADOS: A dieta cetogênica foi introduzida para seis pacientes, com idade mediana de sete anos (faixa: 1,8-12,2). A duração média da aplicação da dieta foi 9,7 meses (faixa: 7 dias-4 anos). Observou-se uma redução igual ou maior que 50 por cento da freqüência das crises epilépticas em metade dos casos. As complicações observadas foram leucopenia, constipação, desidratação, priapismo e recorrência das crises epilépticas. CONCLUSÕES: A dieta cetogênica foi eficaz e segura em três pacientes de uma série de seis casos com epilepsia intratável. A complicação mais comum foi leucopenia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Child Nutrition , Epilepsy/diet therapy , Ketosis/metabolism , Age of Onset , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Energy Intake , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Ketone Bodies/adverse effects , Ketone Bodies/metabolism , Ketosis/complications , Ketosis/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 50(4): 380-5, 2004.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15666017

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aims to report on use of the ketogenic diet in a group of six children and adolescents with intractable epilepsy. METHODS: Authors reviewed the medical records of every patient under 15 years of age who received the ketogenic diet between April 1999 and July 2003. A comparison is made between treatment results, adverse events and beneficial effects with the pertinent medical literature. RESULTS: The ketogenic diet was administered to six patients, whose median age was 7.0 years (range, 1.8-12.2). Average duration of diet application was of 9.7 months (range, 7 days-4 years). A reduction equal to or greater than 50% in seizure frequency was observed in half of the cases. Complications included neutropenia, constipation, dehydration, priapism, and seizure recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The ketogenic diet was effective and safe in three out of six patients with intractable epilepsy. Neutropenia was the most common complication.


Subject(s)
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Epilepsy/diet therapy , Ketone Bodies/metabolism , Age of Onset , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Energy Intake , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Infant , Male , Retrospective Studies
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