Myrtucommulones and Related Acylphloroglucinols from Myrtaceae as a Promising Source of Multitarget SARS-CoV-2 Cycle Inhibitors.

The LABEXTRACT plant extract bank, featuring diverse members of the Myrtaceae family from Brazilian hot spot regions, provides a promising avenue for bioprospection. Given the pivotal roles of the Spike protein and 3CLpro and PLpro proteases in SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study delves into the correlations between the Myrtaceae species from the Atlantic Forest and these targets, as well as an antiviral activity through both in vitro and in silico analyses. The results uncovered notable inhibitory effects, with Eugenia prasina and E. mosenii standing out, while E. mosenii proved to be multitarget, presenting inhibition values above 72% in the three targets analyzed. All extracts inhibited viral replication in Calu-3 cells (EC50 was lower than 8.3 µg·mL-1). Chemometric analyses, through LC-MS/MS, encompassing prediction models and molecular networking, identified potential active compounds, such as myrtucommulones, described in the literature for their antiviral activity. Docking analyses showed that one undescribed myrtucommulone (m/z 841 [M - H]-) had a higher fitness score when interacting with the targets of this study, including ACE2, Spike, PLpro and 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2. Also, the study concludes that Myrtaceae extracts, particularly from E. mosenii and E. prasina, exhibit promising inhibitory effects against crucial stages in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Compounds like myrtucommulones emerge as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, warranting further exploration.

Para além dos limites da saúde: cuidado em perspectiva interdisciplinar / Beyond the limits of health: care from an interdisciplinary perspectivea / Más allá de los límites de la salud: cuidado desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria

Este relato apresenta reflexões sobre uma experiência interdisciplinar que envolveu idealização, planejamento, organização, realização e divulgação de um evento científico virtual como requisito da disciplina Seminários Avançados de Pesquisa 1, oferecida pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Informação e Comunicação em Saúde desenvolvido pelo Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, uma das unidades técnico-científicas da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Os doutorandos da turma de 2020 promoveram o webinário "Para além dos limites da saúde: cuidado em perspectiva interdisciplinar", como parte da formação acadêmica, e este relato é produto científico daquele evento. Além do desenvolvimento de habilidades e atitudes, essa experiência representou um aprendizado pessoal, intangível e emocional do cuidado para além dos limites da saúde, e também ético sobre as "coisas negligenciadas" e acerca da força dos consensos diante de um cenário complexo marcado por uma pandemia causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, a pandemia de covid-19

This report presents reflections about an interdisciplinary experience that involved the idealization, planning, organization, implementation and dissemination of a virtual scientific event as requisite for the Seminários Avançados de Pesquisa 1 (Advanced Research Seminars 1), one of the disciplines offered by the Programa de Pós-graduação em Informação e Comunicação em Saúde (Postgraduate Program in Health Information and Communication) developed by the Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde (Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological Information in Health), one of the technical-scientific units of the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation). The students who began in 2020 their classes to obtain the PhD Degree promoted the webinar "Beyond the limits of health: care from an interdisciplinary perspective" as part of the academic education, and this report is a scientific product of that event. In addition to the development of skills and attitudes, that experience represented a personal, intangible and emotional learning of the care beyond the limits of health as well as an important ethical learning about the "neglected things" and the strength of consensus in the face of a complex scenario marked by a pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, the Covid-19 pandemic

Este relato presenta reflexiones sobre una experiencia interdisciplinar que implicó la idealización, planificación, organización, realización y difusión de un evento científico virtual como requisito de la disciplina Seminários Avançados de Pesquisa 1 (Seminarios Avanzados de Investigación 1), ofrecida por el Programa de Pós-graduação em Informação e Comunicação em Saúde (Programa de Posgrado en Información y Comunicación en Salud) desarrollado por el Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde (Instituto de Comunicación y Información Científica y Tecnológica en Salud), una de las unidades técnicas y científicas de la Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fundación Oswaldo Cruz). Los doctorandos del curso de 2020 promovieron el webinario "Más allá de los límites de la salud: cuidado desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria" como parte de la formación académica, y este relatoes producto científico de aquel evento. Además del desarrollo de habilidades y actitudes, esa experiencia representó un aprendizaje personal, intangible y emocional del cuidado más allá de los límites de la salud, y también un importante aprendizaje ético sobre las "cosas tratadas con negligencia" y aún acerca de la fuerza de los consensos ante un escenario complejo marcado por una pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, la pandemia de Covid-19

In silico screening of phenylethanoid glycosides, a class of pharmacologically active compounds as natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 proteases.

Since the advent of Covid-19, several natural products have been investigated regarding their in silico interactions with SARS-CoV-2 proteases - 3CLpro and PLpro, two of the most important pharmacological targets for antiviral development. Phenylethanoid glycosides (PG) are a class of natural products present in important medicinal plants and a drug containing this group of active ingredients has been successfully used in the treatment of Covid-19 in China. Thus, a dataset with 567 derivatives of this class was built from reviews published between 1994 and 2020, and their interaction against both SARS-CoV-2 proteases was investigated. The virtual screening was performed by filtering the PGs through the evaluation of scores based on the AutoDock Vina, GOLD/ChemPLP, and GOLD/GoldScore evaluation functions. The bRO5 pharmacokinetic parameters of the PGs ranked in the previous step were analyzed and their interaction with key amino acid residues of the 3CLpro and PLpro enzymes was evaluated. Ninety-eight compounds were identified by computational approaches against PLpro and 80 PGs against 3CLpro. Of these, four interacted with key catalytic residues of PLpro, which is an indicative of inhibitory activity, and three compounds interacted with catalytic key residues of 3CLpro. Of these, five PGs occur in plants of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), while two are components of plants/formulations currently used in the Covid-19 protocols in China. The data presented here show the potential of PGs as selective inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and PLpro.

Social Enhancement of Adult Neurogenesis in Zebrafish is Not Regulated by Cortisol.

In Mammals adult neurogenesis is influenced by environmental conditions, and the glucocorticoid hormones (GC) play a major role in this regulation. In contrast in fish, the study of the effects of cortisol on the regulation of environmental driven adult neurogenesis has produced conflicting results. While in some species elevated cortisol levels impair cell proliferation, in others, it promotes cell proliferation and differentiation. This lack of consistency may be explained by methodological differences across studies, namely in the stimuli and/or cortisol treatments used. Here, we tested the effects of the social environment on adult neurogenesis, considering a positive and a negative social context, and different durations of cortisol exposure. We hypothesise that there is an interaction between the valence of the social environment and cortisol, such that elevated acute cortisol experienced during social interactions only have a detrimental effect on neurogenesis in negative social contexts. Therefore, fish were exposed to a positive (conspecific shoal) or negative (predator) social experience, and the interaction between the valence of the social context and cortisol exposure (acute and chronic) was tested. Our results indicate that adult neurogenesis is modulated by the social environment, with the number of newly generated cells being dependent on the valence of the social information (positive > negative). These effects were independent of cortisol, either for acute or chronic exposure, highlighting the social environment as a key factor in the modulation of cell proliferation in the adult zebrafish brain, and rejecting a role for cortisol in this modulation.

Flavonoids from Siparuna cristata as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Replication.

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been affecting the world, causing severe pneumonia and acute respiratory syndrome, leading people to death. Therefore, the search for anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds is pivotal for public health. Natural products may present sources of bioactive compounds; among them, flavonoids are known in literature for their antiviral activity. Siparuna species are used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of colds and flu. This work describes the isolation of 3,3',4'-tri-O-methyl-quercetin, 3,7,3',4'-tetra-O-methyl-quercetin (retusin), and 3,7-di-O-methyl-kaempferol (kumatakenin) from the dichloromethane extract of leaves of Siparuna cristata (Poepp. & Endl.) A.DC., Siparunaceae, using high-speed countercurrent chromatography in addition to the investigation of their inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication. Retusin and kumatakenin inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero E6 and Calu-3 cells, with a selective index greater than lopinavir/ritonavir and chloroquine, used as control. Flavonoids and their derivatives may stand for target compounds to be tested in future clinical trials to enrich the drug arsenal against coronavirus infections. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-021-00162-5.

Adenopatia cervical: uma apresentação rara de câncer da próstata / Cervical lymphadenopathy ­ a rare presentation of prostate cancer

A metastização ganglionar cervical por neoplasia da próstata é rara, sendo ainda menos frequente como manifestação inicial da doença. O presente estudo é um relato de um caso clínico de uma pessoa do sexo masculino, com 72 anos, que apresentava massa cervical esquerda, indolor, com 2 meses de evolução e dores ósseas lombar e torácica. A citologia aspirativa por agulha fina com estudo imuno-histoquímico revelou positividade para o antígeno prostático específico, concluindo se tratar de metástase ganglionar de carcinoma da próstata. Analiticamente, constatou-se que o valor do antígeno prostático específico foi maior que 1.000ng/mL, além da elevação da fosfatase alcalina. A cintilografia óssea de corpo inteiro revelou envolvimento ósseo secundário. Após o diagnóstico, o paciente iniciou hormonoterapia e recusou radioterapia com intuito paliativo. Oito meses após o diagnóstico, constatou-se a recorrência da doença, com elevação do valor do antígeno prostático específico novamente. Dessa forma, relata-se um caso de neoplasia da próstata com metastização óssea e ganglionar cervical esquerda em um indivíduo assintomático do ponto de vista urológico. Salienta-se que, no diagnóstico diferencial de adenopatias cervicais, deve-se considerar a neoplasia da próstata em pessoas do sexo masculino. (AU)

Cervical lymph nodes involvement is rare in prostate cancer and uncommon as an initial manifestation. This study is a clinical case report of a 72-year-old man who presented with a left cervical painless mass of 2-month progression, and bone pain on the lumbar and thoracic regions. Fine-needle aspiration cytology with immunohistochemistry staining was performed and revealed positivity for prostate-specific antigen consistent with prostate adenocarcinoma metastasis. Blood tests revealed a prostate-specific antigen of more than 1,000ng/mL, as well as high alkaline phosphatase. Whole-body bone scan showed secondary bone involvement. Following diagnosis, the patient started hormonal therapy and refused palliative radiotherapy. Eight months after diagnosis, recurrence was observed, with prostate-specific antigen elevation again. Thus, a clinical case of prostate cancer with bone and cervical lymph node metastasis in a patient with no urologic symptoms is reported. It should be noted that prostate cancer shall always be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathies in male patients. (AU)

Behavioral profile, lifestyle and social skills in Portuguese adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Seventy percent of premature deaths in adults are due to behaviors initiated during adolescence. Therefore, it is essential to promote individual and social behaviors that educate adolescents in the ability to make healthy choices. Accordingly, the main goals of this study were to characterize Lifestyles and Social Skills, as well as identify homogeneous subgroups, in a sample of Portuguese adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 1008 adolescents attending the 7th to the 9th grades of five middle schools from the Tâmega and Sousa regions of Portugal, and using the My Lifestyle Questionnaire and the Social Skills Inventory. To establish a profile of the participants, a Cluster Analysis (K-means) was performed, and the Jaccard coefficient was used to assess the stability of the solution found. RESULTS: From the total sample, 556 adolescents with a mean age of 13.43 years (SD = 1.1) were included in the analysis. The majority of the sample presented a healthy lifestyle (72.26%) and 50.7% of the adolescents had a highly elaborated repertoire of Social Skills. Moreover, three clusters were found. Cluster 1 (n = 92) showed a less elaborate repertoire of Social Skills and was designated as the "Adjusted". Cluster 2 (n = 115) comprised adolescents with a good repertoire of Social Skills and was named the "Sociable". Cluster 3 (n = 258) was composed of adolescents with a highly elaborate repertoire of Social Skills and the best Lifestyle indicators and was named the "Healthy". CONCLUSIONS: The group of adolescents in the cluster called the "Sociable" needs to be included in health education and Social Skills programs. Nutrition and Monitored Safety behaviors reveal low values and, therefore, present a greater need for awareness, sensitization, and intervention in the school context. For this reason, the promotion of a healthy lifestyle should be part of the academic curriculum and transversal to all academic disciplines.

Patterns of sweetness preference in red wine according to consumer characterisation.

The preference for sweet taste in red wine was examined according to consumer categories of age, gender, drinking experience and personality type (Big-5 personality-test). A total of 114 subjects revealed their preferences for sweetness after tasting dry red wine spiked with equal concentrations of glucose and fructose at 2g/L, 4g/L, 8g/L, 16g/L and 32g/L, following an ascending forced choice paired comparison method (2-AFC). The overall preference for sweetness was shown within the range of 4.8 to 21.9g/L, with maximal liking at 8g/L. Three patterns of response to sweetness were observed (sweet dislikers, sweet likers and indifferent to sweet) according to the different categories of consumers. Differences (p>0.05) were not found in sweetness preference among the categories up to 16g/L sugar except for the trait extraversion at 8g/L, where low extraverts showed a higher proportion of responses preferring the sweeter sample. Most significant differences were found only under the highest tasted concentration (32g/L). Females and novices preferred sweeter samples (p<0.05) when compared with the response of males and experienced consumers, respectively.

Influence of Class II Elastics on Centric Relation and Centric Occlusion Discrepancy after Orthodontic Treatment / Influencia de los Elásticos de Clase II sobre la Discrepancia de Relación Céntrica para la Oclusión Céntrica Después del Tratamiento Ortodóncico

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to verify the influence of the use of Class II intermaxillary elastics on centric relation (CR) to centric occlusion (CO) occlusal discrepancy. A total of 30 patients had been at the contention stage for at least three months were divided in two groups: G1 - 15 had been submitted to intramaxillary orthodontic mechanics only, and G2 - 15 had used Class II intermaxillary elastics. Distances of horizontal and vertical overlap and the distance or coincidence of the mandibular dental midline in relation to the maxillary midline were measured in CR and CO positions. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney test. No statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were found between G1 and G2. Both in the horizontal and vertical directions, these discrepancies were smaller than or equal to 1mm in 96.66 % of the patients. In the transverse plane, there was no discrepancy in 63.33 % of the patients, and in 33.33 % these discrepancies were equal to 0.5 mm. The use of Class II elastic didn't be capable of increasing the occlusal discrepancies between CR and CO.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar la influencia del uso de los elásticos intermaxilares Clase II en la discrepancia oclusal entre la relación céntrica (RC) y la oclusión céntrica (OC). Un total de 30 pacientes que permanecieron en la fase de contención durante al menos tres meses se dividieron en dos grupos: G1 - 15 fueron sometidos solamente a la mecánica ortodóncica intramaxilar, y G2 - 15 habían utilizado elásticos de clase II intermaxilar. Se midieron las distancias de traslapo horizontal y vertical y la distancia o coincidencia de la línea mediana dentaria mandibular con respecto a la línea mediana maxilar en las posiciones RC y OC. Las comparaciones entre grupos se realizaron mediante la prueba de Mann-Whitney. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P> 0.05) entre G1 y G2. Tanto en las direcciones horizontal como vertical, estas discrepancias fueron menores o iguales a 1 mm en el 96,66 % de los pacientes. En el plano transversal, no hubo discrepancia en el 63,33 % de los pacientes, y en un 33,33 % estas discrepancias fueron iguales a 0,5 mm. El uso de la clase II elástica no logró aumentar las discrepancias entre RC y OC.

Hemoglobin Himeji and inconsistent hemoglobin A1c values: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Hemoglobin A1c is used to evaluate the glycemic control in patients with diabetes and is a risk marker for chronic complications of diabetes. Hemoglobin variants are reported to falsely lower or increase hemoglobin A1c test results. We present a case report of a patient with diabetes with discrepancy between fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c due to the presence of hemoglobin Himeji, a clinically silent and very rare hemoglobinopathy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old white woman, born and living in Portugal, with type 2 diabetes presented to the family physician for a routine visit. She had no active complaints, including history or symptoms of hypoglycemia, and her physical examination was unremarkable. A review of her laboratory data showed fasting plasma glucose of 190 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1c of 4.1%. The remaining blood test results were clinically insignificant; a further review of her laboratory data over the past 4 years revealed that her fasting plasma glucose had ranged from 130 to 250 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1c was consistently lower than 5%. A study of hemoglobins detected 32.8% of abnormal hemoglobin. Genetic sequencing identified a heterozygous mutation compatible with hemoglobin Himeji (c.422C>A; p.Ala141Asp). We tracked her family (three sons, six grandchildren, and two greatgrandchildren) for the presence of this hemoglobin variant, but none had this hemoglobinopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the advantages of hemoglobin A1c in the follow-up and treatment of diabetes, the factors that interfere with its results must be known to ensure a correct estimation of the degree of glycemic control and a proper management of the disease. Therefore, health professionals should suspect the existence of hemoglobin variants when: the hemoglobin A1c value is above 15% or below the lower limit of its reference interval; there is a significant modification in its result coinciding with a change in assay methods; and there is a low correlation between plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c. In patients with hemoglobin Himeji, alternate ways of monitoring glycemic control (fructosamine or glycated serum albumin) should be used.

Inhibition of the in vitro growth of Babesia bigemina, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi parasites by trifluralin analogues.

Bovine and equine babesiosis caused by Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Babesia caballi, along with equine theileriosis caused by Theileria equi are global tick-borne hemoprotozoan diseases characterized by fever, anemia, weight losses and abortions. A common feature of these diseases are transition from acute to chronic phases, in which parasites may persist in the hosts for life. Antiprotozoal drugs are important for managing infection and disease. Previous research demonstrated that trifluralin analogues, designated (TFLAs) 1-15, which specifically bind to regions of alpha-tubulin protein in plants and protozoan parasites, have the ability to inhibit the in vitro growth of B. bovis. The inhibitory activity of TFLAs 1-15 minus TFLA 5 was tested in vitro against cultured B. bigemina, B. caballi and T. equi. The four TFLAs with greatest inhibitory activity were then analyzed for hemolytic activity and toxicity against erythrocytes. All TFLAs tested in the study showed inhibitory effects against the three parasite species. TFLA 2, TFLA 11, TFLA 13 and TFLA 14 were the most effective inhibitors for the three species tested, with estimated IC50 between 5.1 and 10.1µM at 72h. The drug's solvent (DMSO/ethanol) did not statistically affect the growth of the parasites nor cause hemolysis. Also, TFLA 2, 13 and 14 did not cause statistically significant hemolytic activity on bovine and equine erythrocytes at 15µM, and TFLA 2, 11 and 13 had no detectable toxic effects on bovine and equine erythrocytes at 15µM, suggesting that these drugs do not compromise erythrocyte viability. The demonstrated ability of the trifluralin analogues to inhibit in vitro growth of Babesia spp. and Theileria equi, and their lack of toxic effects on erythrocytes supports further in vivo testing and eventually their development as novel alternatives for the treatment of babesiosis and theileriosis.

Produtivismo acadêmico no Brasil: uma abordagem introdutória dos parâmetros da avaliação da pós-graduação e dos seus possíveis efeitos

O tema do produtivismo acadêmico nesta dissertação se desenvolveu a partir da percepçãode a importância da produção literária científica se traduzir no meio de aplicação aná-loga do modelo produtivista industrial à produção acadêmica, e as pressões decorrentes destaimposição. Foi utilizado o método científico dialético, com pesquisa de natureza aplicada,qualitativa e descritiva, com a Análise de Conteúdo como técnica de organização e análise domaterial selecionado a partir da pesquisa a artigos, dissertações e teses com as palavras “produtivismo”e “acadêmico”, publicados por autores nacionais em língua portuguesa, por consideraras especificidades brasileiras quanto à sua história, concepção econômica e sistema jurí-dico e de governo. Os resultados apontaram para o desejo de reconhecimento como ferramentapara obter do pesquisador o aumento de sua produção, desconsiderando a qualidade de vida,a saúde e a dignidade do pesquisador e para a importância da dimensão mórbida do produtivismo,fenômeno que aparece diante da forma que cada pesquisador e a organização cientí-fica em geral tratam o novo modelo avaliativo, principalmente diante da adesão, por sua pró-pria autonomia e manifestação de vontade, ao protagonismo desta desconsideração, inclusivequanto à ética e até mesmo ao seu próprio bem-estar, por acreditar que os fins que pretendealcançar são mais importantes. Ou seja, não só o sistema transforma o pesquisador em instrumentode produção: muitas vezes ele também instrumentaliza a si e a seus pares para atendera tais exigências. Diante deste cenário, o assédio moral organizacional é trazido como chaveanalítica, tendo as preocupações do campo da Saúde do Trabalhador como cenário e suas consideraçõessobre o tempo de trabalho e tempo de lazer diante das revoluções tecnológicas...

The theme of academic productivism in this dissertation developed from the perceptionof scientific literary production importance into an analogous application of the industrialproductivist model to academic production and the pressures resulting from this imposition. Itwas used the dialectical scientific method, with applied research, qualitative and descriptive,with Content Analysis as a technique of organization and analysis of the material selectedfrom the research to articles, dissertations and theses with the words “productivism” and “academic”,published by national authors in portuguese language, considering the brazilianspecificities as to their history, economic conception and legal and governmental system. Theresults pointed to the desire for recognition as a tool to obtain from the researcher the increaseof his production, disregarding researcher’s life quality, health and dignity and the importanceof the morbid dimension of productivism, a phenomenon that appears by the way in whicheach researcher and the scientific organization in general deal with the new evaluative model,especially when the researcher’s adhesion, through its own autonomy and will manifestation,to the protagonism of this disregard, including ethics and even his own well-being, for believethat the ends you want to achieve are more important. In another words, not only does thesystem transform the researcher into an instrument of production: he often also equips himselfand his peers to attend such demands. Given this scenario, organizational harassment isbrought as an analytical key, with the concerns of the Occupational Health field as its scenarioand its considerations about working time and leisure time, in the face of technological revolutions...

A Eficácia de um Programa de Treino de Trampolins na Proficiência Motora de Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo1 / The Efficacy of a Training Program on Trampolines in Motor Proficiency of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

RESUMO: crianças com transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA) apresentam um desempenho motor inferior às crianças em geral. Com este estudo pretende-se avaliar a eficácia de um programa de treino de trampolins, com a duração de 20 semanas, na proficiência motora e índice de massa corporal (IMC) de crianças com TEA. Participaram um total de 17 crianças (entre os 4 e os 10 anos de idade) com diagnóstico de TEA, que foram distribuídas por dois grupos: grupo experimental (n=6), e controlo (n=11). O grupo experimental foi submetido a uma sessão de treino de trampolins por semana com uma duração de 45 minutos. O grupo de controlo compreende crianças cuja atividade física foi limitada ao currículo obrigatório. A proficiência motora foi avaliada através da bateria de testes Bruininks - Oseretsky. O IMC foi calculado recorrendo à fórmula internacionalmente referenciada. Para análise de variância de medidas repetidas (ANOVA). Ambos os grupos apresentaram características idênticas na avaliação inicial. No que se refere à proficiência motora foram evidentes e significativas as melhorias no GE após o programa de trampolins de 20 semanas (p<0.001). No grupo de controlo embora se tenham observado melhorias significativas estas não apresentaram significado estatístico (p>0.05). Relativamente ao IMC não se registraram alterações significativas em ambos os grupos com a realização do programa de trampolins (p>0.05). Em face deste quadro de resultados é possível concluir que a participação em um programa de trampolins com a duração de 20 semanas contribuiu para melhorar significativamente a proficiência motora de crianças com TEA.

ABSTRACT: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a lower motor performance in comparison to children in general. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a trampoline training program, which lasts 20 weeks, the motor proficiency and body mass index (BMI) of children with ASD. The study included a total of 17 children with ASD aged between 4 and 10 years old, 6 children on trampolines training - experimental group (EG), and the remaining 11 in the control group (CG). Experimental group underwent trampoline training sessions for a week, for 45 minutes. Control Group was limited to the compulsory curriculum. The motor proficiency was assessed by the motor proficiency test Bruininks - Oseretsky. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the formula referenced internationally. The analysis of variance for repeated measures (ANOVA) was used for data analysis. Both groups had similar characteristics at initial assessment. Regarding motor skill, improvements were evident and significant in CG after the 20-week trampolines program (p <0.001). In the control group, although there significant improvements were observed, they did not show statistical significance (p> 0.05). Regarding BMI, no significant changes were observed in both groups after the completion of trampolines program (p> 0.05). With the results, it is possible to conclude that participation in a trampolines program for 20 weeks contributed to significantly improve motor proficiency of children with ASD.

Os sentidos das experiências de mães de crianças e adolescentes oncológicos com a terapia complementar / The senses of the experiences with complementary therapies shared by mothers of children and adolescents

O diagnóstico de câncer infantojuvenil e as demandas do seu tratamento transforma a vida da família, particularmente das mães que acompanham seus filhos de perto e não medem esforços para oferecer-lhes o melhor. O cuidado prestado pelas mães é permeado de influências culturais que podem favorecer a introdução de terapias complementares no cuidado dos seus filhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os sentidos das experiências de um grupo de mães de crianças e adolescentes com câncer com a terapia complementar. Para alcançar este objetivo, realizou-se estudo com abordagem metodológica qualitativa, adotando o referencial teórico da Antropologia Médica e a narrativa como método. Após aprovação ética da pesquisa, foram convidadas a participar do estudo quinze mães de crianças e adolescentes com câncer, em acompanhamento terapêutico em serviço de saúde localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de duas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cada participante, realizadas nas dependências do complexo hospitalar e nos domicílios, no período de julho de 2014 a julho de 2015. A partir das entrevistas foram construídas as narrativas individuais das participantes e utilizamos os pressupostos dos modelos explicativos para organizar os dados relativos à reconstrução das experiências das mães acerca da causa, tratamento e o prognóstico da doença. Para a análise dos dados provenientes das narrativas, utilizou-se a análise temática indutiva. Relacionaram-se os aspectos semelhantes e os particulares das narrativas sobre as experiências das mães com os tratamentos complementares e eles foram integrados em dois temas representativos, apresentados sob a forma de sínteses narrativas ou unidades de sentidos. Os resultados foram analisados e apresentados a partir das narrativas temáticas: Quando um filho tem câncer, não se imagina a força de uma mãe, em que se apresenta a persistência, energia, entusiasmo e motivação das mães para lidar com as demandas do diagnóstico oncológico e tratamento do câncer, bem como a sua influência nas decisões que garantem a qualidade do tratamento dos filhos, incluindo ou não a incorporação de práticas alternativas; e A utilização da terapia complementar motivada pela esperança, em que o sentido atribuído pelas mães à incorporação de terapias complementares no cuidado do filho é o de renovação da esperança, com o propósito de promoção do bem-estar da criança ou adolescente e cura da doença. Os sentidos dessas experiências foram explicados por meio de conceitos derivados da antropologia. A interpretação das narrativas centradas na experiência de um grupo de mães de crianças e adolescentes oncológicos com a terapia complementar, a partir do sistema cultural, permitiu-nos explicar compreensivamente como a cultura influencia o cuidado prestado pelas mães aos seus filhos, por meio dos sentidos. Os sentidos das experiências desse grupo de mães constituem-se em conhecimento que pode ser aplicado na prática clínica e em pesquisas futuras

The childhood cancer diagnosis and its treatment demands change the life of the family, particularly the mothers who are close to their children and make great effort to provide them the best. The care provided by mothers to their children is permeated with cultural influences that may favor the introduction of complementary therapies. The goal of this study was to analyze the senses of the experiences with the complementary therapy shared by a group of mothers of children and adolescents affected by cancer. To achieve such a goal, a qualitative methodological approach study was held, adopting the theoretical framework of Medical Anthropology and narrative as a method. Once the ethical approval of the study was obtained, fifteen mothers of children and adolescents with cancer under therapeutic follow-up at a health service located in the state of São Paulo were invited to participate in the study. Data collection was performed by means of two semi-structured interviews with each participant, held on the premises of the hospital complex and at participants' homes, from July, 2014 to July, 2015. Individual narratives were assembled using the interview data from participants, and we used the assumptions of explanatory models to organize data related to the reconstruction of the experiences shared by mothers regarding the cause, treatment and prognosis of the disease. For the analysis of data deriving from the narratives, the inductive thematic analysis was used. Specific and similar aspects from the narratives were related to the experiences of mothers whose children were undergoing complementary treatment and they were integrated into two meaningful themes, presented in the form of narrative summaries or units of meaning. The results were analyzed and presented based on two thematic narratives: When a child has cancer, one cannot imagine the strength of a mother as for the persistence, the energy, the enthusiasm and motivation that mothers are able to gather to cope with the demands of a cancer diagnosis and the treatment of such a disease, as well as the mothers' influence over decisions that would ensure the quality of care of their children, with or without the incorporation of alternative practices; and The use of complementary therapy motivated by hope, in the sense that the meaning attributed by mothers regarding the incorporation of complementary therapies in the care of their child represents the renewal of hope, aiming at the promotion of the children or adolescent well-being and the healing of the disease. The meaning of these experiences was explained by way of concepts derived from anthropology. The interpretation of narratives centered on the experience of a group of mothers of children and adolescents affected by cancer undergoing complementary therapy, from the cultural system standpoint, allowed us to explain, comprehensively, how culture influences the care provided by mothers to their children by way of meanings. The meaning of the experiences for this group of mothers amounts to knowledge that can be applied in clinical practice and in future research

Size and Aging Effects on Antimicrobial Efficiency of Silver Nanoparticles Coated on Polyamide Fabrics Activated by Atmospheric DBD Plasma.

This work studies the surface characteristics, antimicrobial activity, and aging effect of plasma-pretreated polyamide 6,6 (PA66) fabrics coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), aiming to identify the optimum size of nanosilver exhibiting antibacterial properties suitable for the manufacture of hospital textiles. The release of bactericidal Ag(+) ions from a 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100 nm AgNPs-coated PA66 surface was a function of the particles' size, number, and aging. Plasma pretreatment promoted both ionic and covalent interactions between AgNPs and the formed oxygen species on the fibers, favoring the deposition of smaller-diameter AgNPs that consequently showed better immediate and durable antimicrobial effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Surprisingly, after 30 days of aging, a comparable bacterial growth inhibition was achieved for all of the fibers treated with AgNPs <100 nm in size. The Ag(+) in the coatings also favored the electrostatic stabilization of the plasma-induced functional groups on the PA66 surface, thereby retarding the aging process. At the same time, the size-related ratio (Ag(+)/Ag(0)) of the AgNPs between 40 and 60 nm allowed for the controlled release of Ag(+) rather than bulk silver. Overall, the results suggest that instead of reducing the size of the AgNPs, which is associated with higher toxicity, similar long-term effects can be achieved with larger NPs (40-60 nm), even in lower concentrations. Because the antimicrobial efficiency of AgNPs larger than 30 nm is mainly ruled by the release of Ag(+) over time and not by the size and number of the AgNPs, this parameter is crucial for the development of efficient antimicrobial coatings on plasma-treated surfaces and contributes to the safety and durability of clothing used in clinical settings.

Avaliação dos Efeitos de Programas de Intervenção de Atividade Física em Indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo / Assessment of the Effects of Intervention Programs of Physical Activity in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

A prática regular de atividade física influencia a saúde e o bem-estar, com papel importante na prevenção de várias doenças crônicas, como doenças cardiovasculares, acidente vascular cerebral, hipertensão, obesidade, diabetes, osteoporose, dentre outras. As vantagens da prática de exercício físico por pessoas com deficiências de desenvolvimento, especificamente de pessoas com transtorno do espetro do autismo (TEA), têm sido estudadas, mas dados as diferentes metodologias e abordagens presentes na literatura, há necessidade de fazer uma compilação das diferentes investigações existentes que permitam concluir quais os efeitos de diferentes tipos de exercício em pessoas com TEA. O objetivo deste artigo é reunir os principais estudos que foram realizados nos últimos anos no âmbito da atividade física em indivíduos com (TEA) e retirar as conclusões acerca dos mesmos. São apresentados 18 estudos, num total de 140 crianças e adultos com várias variantes desta síndrome e que participaram em atividades individualmente ou em grupo. Foram realizadas diversas atividades tais como jogos, natação, corrida, passeios terapêuticos, hidroginástica. As intervenções pretenderam estudar a influência das atividades propostas no comportamento agressivo e estereotipado, funcionamento social, resistência, qualidade de vida e stress, aptidão física e resistência. Os programas de intervenção revelaram melhorias significativas, mostrando as potencialidades do exercício em pessoas com TEA.

Regular physical activity influences health and well-being, with an important role in the prevention of several chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis. The advantages of physical exercise for people with developmental disabilities, specifically people with autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) have been studied, but given the different methodologies and approaches in the literature, there is the need to make a compilation of the different existing research that might allow us to conclude which are the effects of the different types of exercise in people with ASD. The purpose of this article is to bring together the main studies that have been conducted in the latest years in the context of physical activity in individuals with ASD and draw conclusions about them. Eighteen studies are presented, with a total of 140 children and adults with various variants of this syndrome, who participated in individual activities or in groups. Various activities, such as games, swimming, jogging, therapeutic walks, aerobics were performed. Interventions intended to study the influence of the activities proposed in aggressive and stereotyped behavior, social functioning, strength, quality of life and stress, physical fitness and endurance. Intervention programs revealed significant improvement, showing the benefits of exercise for people with ASD.

[Association between malnutrition and depression in elderly]. / Asociación entre desnutrición y depresión en el adulto mayor.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition and depression are common geriatric disorders. The aim of this study was determined the prevalence of malnutrition and depression in the elderly, as well as assess the association between depression and malnutrition. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done with elderly of external consult in a Public Specialized Hospital of México City. The nutritional status was classified by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Quetelet's Index was categorized according to The World Health Organization. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The functional autonomy indicators were obtained by Katz Index. Differences between groups were analyzed using the Chisquare test and t-test. The associations between the MNA and GDS and determination of risk factors for malnutrition were analyzed using multivariate analysis and the odds ratio (OR) estimates were determined. RESULTS: 96 patients were included, 79.2 female; 15.5% were classified as adequate nutritional status, 72.2% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 11.3% as malnourished. The prevalence of depression was reported by 63.9%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depression and male sex are independent predictors of malnutrition. Depression was positively associated with the risk of malnutrition OR 2.4 (95% CI 0.79-7.38). For individuals male the OR for malnutrition was 1.42 (95% CI 1.0-2.0). CONCLUSION: Depression and male sex was associated with the risk of malnutrition in the elderly.

Antecedentes: La desnutrición y la depresión son trastornos geriátricos comunes. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de desnutrición y depresión en adultos mayores, así como evaluar su asociación. Métodos: Estudio transversal que se realizó en población geriátrica de la consulta externa de un Hospital Público de referencia de Alta Especialidad de la Ciudad de México. El estado nutricional se clasifico mediante la Evaluación Mínima Nutricional (MNA), el Índice de Quetelet se clasificó acorde a la Organización Mundial para la Salud. La depresión se evaluó mediante la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica (GDS). La funcionalidad se obtuvo mediante el Índice de Katz. Las diferencias entre grupos se analizaron usando la prueba de Chi cuadrada y t-student. La asociación entre el MNA y GDS, así como la determinación de factores predictores para desnutrición se analizó usando análisis multivariado y se determinó la razón de momios (RM). Resultados: 96 pacientes de ≥65 años fueron evaluados, 79,2% fueron mujeres. El 15,5% de la población se clasifico con adecuado estado nutricional, el 72,2% con riesgo de desnutrición y 11,3% con desnutrición. La prevalencia de depresión fue de 63,9%. El análisis de regresión múltiple reveló que la depresión y el sexo masculino son factores predictores independientes de desnutrición. La depresión se asoció positivamente con desnutrición en RM 2,4 (IC 95% 0,79-7,38). Para los individuos del sexo masculino la RM para desnutrición fue de 1,42 (IC 95% 1,0-2,0). Conclusión: La depresión y el sexo masculino están fuertemente asociados con el riesgo de desnutrición en los adultos mayores.

Asociación entre desnutrición y depresión en el adulto mayor / Association between malnutrition and depression in elderly

Antecedentes: La desnutrición y la depresión son trastornos geriátricos comunes. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de desnutrición y depresión en adultos mayores, así como evaluar su asociación. Métodos: Estudio transversal que se realizó en población geriátrica de la consulta externa de un Hospital Público de referencia de Alta Especialidad de la Ciudad de México. El estado nutricional se clasifico mediante la Evaluación Mínima Nutricional (MNA), el Índice de Quetelet se clasificó acorde a la Organización Mundial para la Salud. La depresión se evaluó mediante la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica (GDS). La funcionalidad se obtuvo mediante el Índice de Katz. Las diferencias entre grupos se analizaron usando la prueba de Chi cuadrada y t-student. La asociación entre el MNA y GDS, así como la determinación de factores predictores para desnutrición se analizó usando análisis multivariado y se determinó la razón de momios (RM). Resultados: 96 pacientes de ≥ 65 años fueron evaluados, 79,2% fueron mujeres. El 15,5% de la población se clasifico con adecuado estado nutricional, el 72,2% con riesgo de desnutrición y 11,3% con desnutrición. La prevalencia de depresión fue de 63,9%. El análisis de regresión múltiple reveló que la depresión y el sexo masculino son factores predictores independientes de desnutrición. La depresión se asoció positivamente con desnutrición en RM 2,4 (IC 95% 0,79-7,38). Para los individuos del sexo masculino la RM para desnutrición fue de 1,42 (IC 95% 1,0-2,0). Conclusión: La depresión y el sexo masculino están fuertemente asociados con el riesgo de desnutrición en los adultos mayores (AU)

Background: Malnutrition and depression are common geriatric disorders. The aim of this study was determined the prevalence of malnutrition and depression in the elderly, as well as assess the association between depression and malnutrition. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with elderly of external consult in a Public Specialized Hospital of México City. The nutritional status was classified by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Quetelet’s Index was categorized according to The World Health Organization. Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The functional autonomy indicators were obtained by Katz Index. Differences between groups were analyzed using the Chisquare test and t-test. The associations between the MNA and GDS and determination of risk factors for malnutrition were analyzed using multivariate analysis and the odds ratio (OR) estimates were determined. Results: 96 patients were included, 79.2 female; 15.5% were classified as adequate nutritional status, 72.2% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 11.3% as malnourished. The prevalence of depression was reported by 63.9%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depression and male sex are independent predictors of malnutrition. Depression was positively associated with the risk of malnutrition OR 2.4 (95% CI 0.79-7.38). For individuals male the OR for malnutrition was 1.42 (95% CI 1.0-2.0). Conclusion: Depression and male sex was associated with the risk of malnutrition in the elderly (AU)

Analysis of the presence of the GJB6 mutations in patients heterozygous for GJB2 mutation in Brazil.

Mutations in the GJB2 gene, mainly 35delG, are responsible for most autosomal recessive inherited genetic hearing loss. The audiometric standard of these hearing losses remains inconsistent and other genes, such as GJB6, have been involved in association with GJB2. The objective of the study was to identify the deletions del(GJB6-D13S1830) and del(GJB6-D13S1854) in patients heterozygous for 35delG/GJB2 and analyze the phenotype they present. 101 patients with mild to profound degree of sensorineural hypoacusis were evaluated. The allele-specific PCR technique was used to identify 35delG. The del(GJB6-D13S1830) and del(GJB6-D13S1854) were identified through the PCR multiplex technique. 90% of the subjects presented a normal genotype for the analyzed mutations; 6.93% were shown to be heterozygous for 35delG/GJB2 and 1% presented compound heterozygosis GJB2/GJB6). The data found reinforced the hypothesis of an interaction of more than one gene as the cause of autosomal recessive genetic hearing loss and emphasized the importance of an early diagnosis for appropriate intervention.

Análisis de grasas y vitamina C en papas congeladas fritas en diferentes aceites / Analysis of fats and vitamin c in frozen potatoes fried in different oils

Las papas prefritas congeladas son mayormente destinadas a los servicios de comidas rápidas incorporándose recientemente al hogar. El método más utilizado para su elaboración es la fritura, el cual se caracteriza por la absorción de lípidos y por menor pérdida de nutrientes termolábiles, lo que puede contribuir a la preservación de vitamina C frente a otros métodos de cocción. Este estudio se propone comparar el contenido de vitamina C y grasas en variedades de papas prefritas y frescas, fritas en aceite de oliva y en aceite de girasol. Se trabajó con cuatro variedades de papas industriales prefritas congeladas corte fino, corte grueso, bravas y barbacoa y una variedad de papas frescas monalisa. Los resultados obtenidos de los baños de fritura en aceite de oliva y en aceite de girasol muestran diferencias significativas en el contenido de vitamina C y grasas totales en papas fritas. Las papas fritas monalisa obtuvieron menor contenido de grasa y mayor contenido de vitamina C que las papas industriales. Se demostró que el factor ôrelación superficie volumenõ de las papas influencia la magnitud de impregnación de grasa y la pérdida de vitamina C por destrucción térmica durante la fritura. Se observó una mejor preservación de la vitamina C en papas fritas en aceite de oliva.(AU)