Grade III chondrosarcoma of the left iliopubic branch: A case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Chondrosarcomas are the third most frequent malignant bone tumors. With pelvic bones being their most common primary location, diagnosis and treatment of these tumors is especially challenging due to the diverse clinical manifestations and involvement of critical anatomic structures. We present the case of a grade III pelvic chondrosarcoma of the left iliopubic branch managed through a multidisciplinary approach. CASE PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old male patient presented with a 1-year history of a mass in the left iliopubic branch. The imaging findings suggested chondrosarcoma and showed extrinsic compression of pelvic structures causing right hydronephrosis, marked elongation and tortuosity of the sigmoid colon, and anterior and superior displacement of the bladder. Following multidisciplinary meeting it was decided to perform a left hemicolectomy, colostomy, and internal hemipelvectomy in the 1-2-3 left zones, with resection of the intrapelvic and intra-abdominal tumor, and preservation of the left lower extremity. The patient presented two episodes of intestinal obstruction, which resolved with medical management. Was discharged without presenting further complications. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Chondrosarcomas management demands a methodical approach. Appropriate surgical strategy requires individualization according to the characteristics of the lesion and the degree of involvement of surrounding structures. Complete resection of the tumor and preservation of the lower extremity function are critical achievements. CONCLUSION: This case underscores the effective management of a challenging tumor such as pelvic chondrosarcoma. The multidisciplinary approach and collaboration of several specialties was crucial to reach an appropriate surgical strategy.

Risk factors and outcomes of lower respiratory tract infections after traumatic brain injury: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health problem with a high burden in terms of disability and death. Infections are a common complication, with respiratory infections being the most frequent. Most available studies have addressed the impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after TBI; therefore, we aim to characterize the hospital impact of a broader entity, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Methods: This observational, retrospective, single-center cohort study describes the clinical features and risk factors associated with LRTIs in patients with TBI admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). We used bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions to identify the risk factors associated with developing LRTI and determine its impact on hospital mortality. Results: We included 291 patients, of whom 77% (225/291) were men. The median (IQR) age was 38 years (28-52 years). The most common cause of injury was road traffic accidents 72% (210/291), followed by falls 18% (52/291) and assault at 3% (9/291). The median (IQR) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was 9 (6-14), and 47% (136/291) were classified as severe TBI, 13% (37/291) as moderate TBI, and 40% (114/291) as mild TBI. The median (IQR) injury severity score (ISS) was 24 (16-30). Nearly 48% (141/291) of patients presented at least one infection during hospitalization, and from those, 77% (109/141) were classified as LRTIs, which included tracheitis 55% (61/109), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) 34% (37/109), and hospital-acquired pneumoniae (HAP) 19% (21/109). After multivariable analysis, the following variables were significantly associated with LRTIs: age (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.01-1.2), severe TBI (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.9), AIS thorax (OR 1.4, 95 CI 1.1-1.8), and mechanical ventilation on admission (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.1-13.5). At the same time, hospital mortality did not differ between groups (LRTI 18.6% vs. No LRTI 20.1%, p = 0.7), and ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS) were longer in the LRTI group (median [IQR] 12 [9-17] vs. 5 [3-9], p < 0.01) and (median [IQR] 21 [13-33] vs. 10 [5-18], p = 0.01), respectively. Time on the ventilator was longer for those with LRTIs. Conclusion: The most common site/location of infection in patients with TBI admitted to ICU is respiratory. Age, severe TBI, thoracic trauma, and mechanical ventilation were identified as potential risk factors. LRTI was associated with prolonged ICU, hospital stay, and more days on a ventilator, but not with mortality.

Factores relacionados con la donación de sangre en estudiantes de odontología de una universidad en Cali, Colombia 2017 / Factors related to the donation of blood in students of dentistry of a university in Cali, Colombia 2017

Introducción: Los diferentes usos dados por la medicina a la sangre donada y sus derivados han hecho que su demanda aumente, pero a su vez ha ido demostrando el aumento en la brecha que existe entre la donación de sangre y su demanda. Objetivo: Identificar los factores actitudinales, sociales, económicos, religiosos y culturales relacionados con la intención de donar sangre en una población en Cali, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional en una muestra de 197 estudiantes de la Escuela de Odontología de la Universidad del Valle. La recolección de la información se hizo mediante la aplicación de una encuesta. Las variables recolectadas en el estudio fueron edad, sexo, semestre, factores positivos y negativos al momento de donar. Se realizó un análisis univariado. Resultados: Se encontró que del total de la muestra el 74,8% no había donado sangre anteriormente y del 25,2% que si lo había hecho solo el 7,6% había donado en el último año, el 90,1% del total de la población encuestada estaría dispuesto a donar sangre en un futuro. Entre los factores que influyen negativamente se encontraron desconfianza de esterilidad del instrumental (65%), la donación tenía un fin lucrativo (40%). Conclusiónes: Los resultados encontrados nos indican que en esta población hay una baja frecuencia en la donación. Gran parte de los encuestados manifestó que sería de gran ayuda recibir mayor información y educación al respecto.

Background: The different uses given by the medicine to the donated blood and its derivatives have made their demand increa- se, but in turn it has been demonstrating the increase in the gap that exists between the donation of blood and the requirement of this. Objective: To identify the attitudinal, social, economic, religious and cultural factors related to the intention to donate blood in a population in Cali, Colombia. Materials and methods: A descriptive observational study was carried out in a sample of 197 students from the School of Dentistry of the Universidad del Valle. The information was collected through the application of a survey. The variables collected in the study were age, sex, se- mester, positive and negative factors at the time of donation. A univariate analysis was performed. Results: It was found that 74.8% of the total sample had not donated blood previously and 25.2% had donated blood; Of these, 7.6% had donated in the last year, 90.1% of the total population surveyed would be willing to donate blood in the future. Among the factors that influence negatively were mistrust of sterility of the instruments (65%), the donation had a lucrative purpose (40%). Conclusions: The results found indicate that in this population there is a low fre- quency of donation. Many of the respon- dents said that it would be helpful to receive more information and education about it.

Barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud: narrativas de mujeres con cáncer de mama enColombia / Barriers to healthcare access: narratives of women with breast cancer in Colombia

Objetivo: explorar la existencia de barreras de acceso a losservicios de salud en las historias de mujeres con cáncer demama, que han recibido apoyo de seis ong colombianas.Metodología: se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativodescriptivo interpretativo, en cinco ciudades colombianas:Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Valledupar y Santa Marta, incluyendo44 mujeres apoyadas por seis ong. Se realizaron gruposfocales y entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados: en elproceso emergieron cuatro categorías: barreras ligadas alos determinantes estructurales, barreras originadas en losdeterminantes intermedios, herramientas para enfrentar lasbarreras y una categoría que hace referencia a la oportunidadde obtener un diagnóstico y un tratamiento de cáncer de mama.A partir de estas categorías, se propone un modelo de barrerasde acceso en cáncer de mama, desde la perspectiva de losdeterminantes sociales. Discusión: a pesar de los esfuerzos delpaís por mejorar la oportunidad en prevención, diagnóstico ytratamiento del cáncer ùincluyendo la promulgación de la ley1384 de 2010 (Ley Sandra Ceballos)ù, las mujeres con cáncerde mama enfrentan barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud,que están determinadas socialmente, y frente a las cuales elsistema muestra cierto nivel de incapacidad...

Objective: to explore the existence of barriers to healthcareaccess in the narratives of women with breast cancer who havereceived the support of six Colombian NGOs. Methodology:a descriptive qualitative interpretive study was carried out infive Colombian cities: Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Santa Martaand Valledupar. Data was collected through focus groups andinterviews with 44 women supported by six NGOs. Results:in the process, four categories emerged: barriers linked to structural determinants, barriers arising from intermediatedeterminants, tools to address barriers and a category referring tothe opportunity for diagnosis and breast cancer treatment. Fromthese categories, a model of barriers preventing access to breastcancer-related healthcare is proposed from the perspective ofsocial determinants. Discussion: despite the Country's efforts toimprove the opportunity for prevention, diagnosis and treatmentof cancer -including the enactment of Act 1384 of 2010 (SandraCeballos Act)- women with breast cancer face barriers tohealthcare access which are socially determined and againstwhich the system shows some degree of inability...

Representaciones sociales de universitarios sobre la abstinencia sexual y los condones como mecanismos de prevención / University students' social representations concerning sexual abstinence and the condom as prevention mechanisms

Objetivo: Interpretar las representaciones sociales de estudiantes de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Seccional Sogamoso, frente al uso de la abstinencia sexual y el condón, como referentes estratégicos en la prevención de enfermedades de transmisión sexual y embarazo no deseado. Método: Mediante muestreo intencional, participaron 67 estudiantes universitarios, entre los 16 y 31 años de edad, procedentes de diferentes regiones del departamento de Boyacá. Para la recolección de información, con enfoque cualitativo, se aplicaron grupos focales y cartas asociativas siguiendo la propuesta de Araya. Resultados: Los discursos evidencian las funciones del Saber, Identitarias, de Orientación y Justificadoras, de las Representaciones Sociales, en las que el condón se reconoce como buen método de prevención, sin ser 100 % seguro, útil en el cuidado de la salud, aunque en algunos casos genera incomodidad e insatisfacción; relacionan su uso, con desconfianza en la pareja y promiscuidad. La abstinencia sexual, se identifica como un método de prevención, 100% seguro y efectivo; permite planificar, ayuda al cuidado del cuerpo y el de los demás, preserva los intereses personales a futuro, protege la salud; sin embargo, es difícil de implementar en la sociedad actual. Conclusiones: Los valores, las creencias, así como las cuestiones morales y religiosas influyen en la decisión de prevención y protección de cada persona, más allá de la información que se tenga.

Objective: Interpreting the social representations of students from the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia in Sogamoso concerning the use of sexual abstinence and condoms as strategic focuses for preventing sexually-transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. Method: Purposive sampling was used with 67 university students aged 16 to 31 years-old from different regions in the Boyacá department. A qualitative approach and focus groups were used for data collection and card association, according to Araya, et al. Results: The responses revealed social representations' regarding knowledge, identity justifying and orientation recognising the condom as a good prevention method even though not being 100 % safe, useful in healthcare but in some cases leading to discomfort and dissatisfaction associated with its use. Negative associations concerned couples' distrust and promiscuity. Sexual abstinence was identified as being a 100 % safe and effective prevention method, facilitating family planning, helping to care for one's body and those of others, preserving future interests and protecting one's health but, at the same time, being difficult to implement in today's society. Conclusions: Each person's values, beliefs and moral and religious issues influence their prevention and protection decisions more than their existent information on the topic.

[University students' social representations concerning sexual abstinence and the condom as prevention mechanisms]. / Representaciones sociales de universitarios sobre la abstinencia sexual y los condones como mecanismos de prevención.

OBJECTIVE: Interpreting the social representations of students from the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia in Sogamoso concerning the use of sexual abstinence and condoms as strategic focuses for preventing sexually-transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. METHOD: Purposive sampling was used with 67 university students aged 16 to 31 years-old from different regions in the Boyacá department. A qualitative approach and focus groups were used for data collection and card association, according to Araya, et al. RESULTS: The responses revealed social representations' regarding knowledge, identity justifying and orientation recognising the condom as a good prevention method even though not being 100 % safe, useful in healthcare but in some cases leading to discomfort and dissatisfaction associated with its use. Negative associations concerned couples' distrust and promiscuity. Sexual abstinence was identified as being a 100 % safe and effective prevention method, facilitating family planning, helping to care for one's body and those of others, preserving future interests and protecting one's health but, at the same time, being difficult to implement in today's society. CONCLUSIONS: Each person's values, beliefs and moral and religious issues influence their prevention and protection decisions more than their existent information on the topic.